Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular parasite, causes Q fever, an infectious illness. Q fever is a zoonosis that is seen all over the world. Headaches, a rapid fever, and unusual pneumonia are all symptoms. Goats, sheep, cows, dogs, cats, and rabbits are the major reservoir in the rural environment. Domestic animals are the main reservoir for this bacteria. During birthing, they make a huge number of them in the amniotic fluid and placenta. Inhalation is the most common way to become infected. In humans and animals, Q fever can cause acute and chronic infection, with most cases being asymptomatic. The use of an inactivated whole-cell bacterium immunisation method has produced positive results in humans and animals, but there have been numerous negative effects. The recombinant vaccination has been created and has shown to be efficacious in a variety of experimental settings. One of the most significant obstacles is the lack of accurate diagnostic tools. The prognosis of illness development can be minimised if it becomes practicable. The most accurate test for diagnosis is direct detection of germs. Immunodetection, PCR amplification, and shell vial cell culture are among the processes used in this method. All of these methods necessitate a biosafety level 3 lab and qualified personnel due to C. burnetii's extreme infectivity. Scientists are working hard to lessen the global burden of Q fever. The spread of Q fever has the potential to have a considerable economic impact on the animal trade, reproduction, and commercialization of various animal products. The genome of Coxiella burnetii, the clinical manifestations of Q fever, as well as developing concerns, diagnosis, therapy, prevention, and future directions are all covered in this study.
Author(S) Details
Arslan Habib
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Riffat Iqbal
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Zeeshan Ashraf
Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Dominic Kwesi Quainoo
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, University for Development Studies, Ghana.
Misbah Bano
Department of Zoology, Government College Women University Sialkot, Pakistan.
Amjad Ali
Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Peshawar, Pakistan.
Muhammad Shehzad
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ghulam Jaffar
Department of Wildlife & Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan.
View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IDHR-V7/article/view/4810
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