Study on Mayaro Virus Disease: Symptoms and Treatments | Chapter 10 | Innovations in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 1

The goal of this chapter was to go over the various features of fever induced by the Mayaro virus, including symptoms, aetiology, therapy, and diagnosis. Mayaro virus causes a vague, sublethal disease in humans, with symptoms similar to chikungunya, dengue fever, and other viruses. Arthralgia symptoms, which are frequently connected with viral infections, can be incapacitating. Since initial isolation in 1954 [Trinidad and Tobago], outbreaks have been confined and infrequent inside the Pan-Amazonia forest. As a result, the literature available is diverse, sparse, and dispersed. Mayaro virus is an alphavirus that is connected to the Semliki forest antigenic complex phylogenetically. Mayaro and the related UNA viruses are the only members of this group that have been identified in the New World. Mayaro's genome is made up of 12 kb of single-stranded positive-charged RNA that can be separated into genomic and subgenomic areas that encode nonstructural and structural proteins, respectively. Mayaro has demonstrated great adaptability in vertebrate hosts for infections, but high selectivity invertebrates for the Culicidae [mosquito] family. Forested environments in northern South America, as well as the rainy season, are risk factors for disease. MAYV has two genotypes: L [limited to Belterra, Brazil] and D [widely dispersed throughout Pan-Amazonia]. The enzootic cycle is analogous to the yellow fever jungle cycle, in which Haemagogus mosquitoes and monkeys serve as reservoirs. Other secondary vectors and hosts, such as Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes scapularis, have been demonstrated experimentally to transmit the virus efficiently, and this poses a threat to the virus's spread. Due to the high viremia levels of infected people, there is a major risk of an emergent disease in urban, rural, and peridomestic areas around Mayaro virus enzootic foci.

Author (S) Details

Salvatore G. De-Simone
FIOCRUZ/Center for Technological Development in Health [CDTS]/National Institute of Science and Technology in Neglected Disease Innovation [INCT-IDN], Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. and Federal Fluminense University, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.

Paloma Napoleão-Pego
FIOCRUZ/Center for Technological Development in Health [CDTS]/National Institute of Science and Technology in Neglected Disease Innovation [INCT-IDN], Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Larissa Rodrigues Gomes
FIOCRUZ/Center for Technological Development in Health [CDTS]/National Institute of Science and Technology in Neglected Disease Innovation [INCT-IDN], Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Guilherme C. Lechuga
FIOCRUZ/Center for Technological Development in Health [CDTS]/National Institute of Science and Technology in Neglected Disease Innovation [INCT-IDN], Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

David W. Provance-Jr
FIOCRUZ/Center for Technological Development in Health [CDTS]/National Institute of Science and Technology in Neglected Disease Innovation [INCT-IDN], Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

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