Recent Study of Screening Echocardiography in Asymptomatic Pregnant Women | Chapter 1 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 Introduction: Women of childbearing age are more likely to have heart disease. Heart disease is the major cause of maternal death and morbidity in unbooked and newly diagnosed heart disease affecting pregnancy. The signs and symptoms of pregnancy can be mixed up with those of cardiac disease. The value of echocardiography as an imaging tool has improved dramatically over the last decade. For identifying cardiac illness, the echocardiography is the gold standard and certain diagnostic tool. Our goal is to detect heart disease in asymptomatic pregnant women through screening echocardiography.

Materials and Methods: A total of 300 pregnant women throughout all trimesters of their pregnancy were included in this study. Government Kilpauk Medical College's academic year spans from October 2016 to January 2017. Those having a history of heart illness were not allowed to take part. All of the patients had standard M mode, 2D, and Doppler echocardiography.

Patients in the first, second, and third trimesters made up 65 percent (n-195), 23 percent (n-69), and 12 percent (n-36) of the 300 people in the study. We discovered that 6.3 percent of patients (n-19) had heart disease, either congenital or acquired. A total of 63 percent (n-12) had acquired heart disease, whereas 37 percent have congenital heart disease (n-7). Mitral valve prolapse was found in 42.8 percent of cases (n-3), atrial septal defect in 28.5 percent of cases (n-2), valvular pulmonary stenosis in 14.2 percent of cases (n-1), and coarctation of the aorta in 14.2 percent of cases (n-1). Rheumatic heart disease was observed in all patients with acquired heart disease (100 percent) (n-12). In the study population, single stenotic lesion was found in 50% (n-6), isolated regurgitant lesion was found in 33.3 percent (n-4) and mixed lesion was found in 16.6 percent (n-2).

Conclusion: Screening echocardiography will undoubtedly contribute in the identification of heart disease and the decrease of heart disease-related mortality, according to our findings. This will justify routine cardiac assessment even in the absence of cardiopulmonary symptoms.

Author (S) Details

T. Gomathi
Department of Cardiology, Thanjavur Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India.

V. Thendral
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Thanjavur Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India.

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