Assessment of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Treatment of PTSD among LGBTQ Individuals in Selected Support Groups in Kenya | Chapter 11 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 3

 

The present study highlights the efficacy of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy in Treating PTSD among LGBTQ Individuals in Selected Support Groups in Kenya. There is prospective evidence that virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), a digitally aided psychotherapy, can effectively lessen the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In the meantime, empirical research has shown that PTSD prevalence estimates for LGBTQ+ people reach up to 48%, significantly higher than those for the general population, suggesting that they are more likely to experience the disorder.  The study adopted a quasi-experimental design as an empirical interventional study to estimate and establish a cause-and-effect relationship between an independent and dependent variable without random assignment. This study is intervention research using a quasi-experimental research design to collect data from 60 LGBTQ+ individuals in selected support groups in Kenya. The samples of 60 LGBTQ+ individuals were screened positive for PTSD symptoms, using the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL-5). The recruited participants were assigned to two research groups namely, experimental (N = 30), and control (N = 30) groups. Participants in the experimental group were treated with VRET, whereas participants in the control group did not go through VRET protocols. Participants were assessed at baseline, midline and a 3-month follow-up assessment at end line. The results from the independent sample t-test showed that VRET was effective in the treatment of PTSD (p = 0.042). The partial Eta Square effect size of (\(\eta\)2= 0.080; p = 0.042) at the end line is an indication that VRET has a medium effect size. VRET is effective to treat PTSD among LGBTQ+ individuals. For clinical psychologists working among this population who might be presenting with PTSD symptoms, VRET is a potential and effective intervention that could be used to help this population.

Author(s) Details

Carolyne Mbeneka
Department of Clinical Psychology, Daystar University, Nairobi, Kenya.

 

Alice Munene
Department of Clinical Psychology, Daystar University, Nairobi, Kenya.

 

Abraham Waithima
Department of Clinical Psychology, Daystar University, Nairobi, Kenya.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v3/56

In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation of the Anthelmintic Efficacies of Chrysophyllum cainito and Psidium guajava Bark Extracts Against Ascaridia galli of Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) |Chapter 6| Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 3

Herbal medications still hold a significant place in local communities, particularly among small farm holders, mostly in resource-constrained areas. While technological advancements in animal medication rise and dominate these days, some associated issues, such as too much reliance on pharmaceuticals, may incubate unwanted drawbacks, including drug resistance and residuals in animal by-products. Thus, holistic treatment approaches to animals persist and are maintained, comprising the traditional uses of herbal plants, which have remained sustainable through the years.  This research aspires to bridge the gap between folklore and scientifically proven treatments, such as those synthetically prepared dewormers for commercialisation. This study assessed, via in vitro and in vivo assays, the anthelmintic activity of Chrysophyllum cainito and Psidium guajava, which are among the collection of documented flora in the Philippines utilised by locals in their ethno-veterinary medicine practices. In vitro anthelmintic evaluation displayed time-dependent and concentration-dependent efficacies. Chrysophyllum cainito bark ethanolic extract (60mg/ml) recorded 94.65% egg-killing activity, whereas Psidium guajava bark ethanolic extract was 92.64% effective at 30mg/ml and 96.28% effective at 60mg/ml. The worm-killing activity of the former at 60mg/kg yielded 88.88%, while the latter elicited 88.88% and 94.44% mortalities to worms at 30mg/ml and 60mg/ml, respectively. Probit analysis on the lethal concentration (LC50) against eggs and worms was conducted at different magnitudes for both plants, inferring substantial anthelmintic action. The in vivo evaluation through faecal egg count reduction (FECR) rate indicates that both plants can effectively inhibit and kill gastrointestinal nematodes, as substantiated by the significant ovicidal and wormicidal activities. The generated findings herein can contribute to the broader field of sustainable animal health practices and advocacies as we rally against current pressing issues relating to food safety and public health.

 

Author (s) Details

Roel T. Calagui
College of Veterinary Medicine, Carig Campus, Cagayan State University, Tuguegarao City, Philippines.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v3/5368

 

Comparative Efficacies of Insecticides against Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) Management | Chapter 11 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 2

The Rice Gall Midge (Orseolia oryzae) has been reported as a pest of rice from several Asian countries like Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. In India, it is a serious pest of irrigated and shallow-water rice ecosystems.  Management of rice gall midge is required in case it reaches above the economic injury level (EIL) and this can be attained through novel insecticides which are important in sustainable agriculture practices. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to determine the comparative efficacy of newer insecticides with different modes of application. A total 5 insecticidal molecules were selected with their both granular and foliar formulations, viz., Flubendiamide 0.7G, 20 WDG; Cartap hydrochloride 4G, 50 SP; Chlorantraniliprole 0.4G, 18.5 SC; Fipronil 0.3G, 5 SC and Carbofuran 3G as check insecticide, applied at nursery and 25 DAT, 25 DAT and PI to Booting and, Nursery, 25 DAT and PI to Booting stages against rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) in rice during rabi, 2020-2021. All the treatments were effective for gall midge. Fipronil 0.3G formulation @ 1000 g/ ha at nursery, 20 kg/ ha at 25 DAT and 5 SC @ 1000 ml/ ha at PI to Booting stage (T₁₂) was significantly superior (>80% reduction over control) for gall midge management followed by Carbofuran 3G (T₁₃) @ 2000 g/ ha at nursery and 25 kg/ ha at 25 DAT (>75% reduction). The untreated plots had more silver shoots (6.47% overall silver shoot mean) than other chemical-treated plots. However, among all the treatments, Chlorantraniliprole (T₉) took the lead in the highest yield realization (79.08 q//ha) with a 42% increase over control.

 

Author (s) Details

 

D. Bhavana
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India.

 

S. Malathi
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Malyal, Mahabubabad-506 101, India.

 

N.R.G. Varma
Rice Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India.

 

R. Shravan Kumar
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Warangal-506 007, India.

 

 

T. Kiran Babu
Rice Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v2/5118

SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Efficacy of Available COVID-19 Vaccines | Chapter 5 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) variants of concern might be related to changes in both morbidity and mortality. Changes in both morbidity and mortality in COVID-19-infected individuals may be due to suppression of the host immune response, altered viral transmission dynamics, or higher viral loads that might worsen the clinical outcomes. Identification and analysis of currently available COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) variants of concern, efficacy, and adverse events are the objective of this study. The current variants of concern, lineages B.1.351, B.1.1.7, and P1 affect the function of the spike protein and other SARS-CoV-2 proteins and can alter interaction with hACE2. The first three COVID-19 vaccines expressing spike protein and a progressing national rollout have authorization for emergency use in the United Kingdom (UK) and demonstrated protection against COVID-19 and decreased transmission after vaccination in the preliminary report. The search was applied to the articles that were published between 2020 and 2023. The chosen keywords for developing this study were “SARS-CoV-2” or “COVID-19” or “Variants” “Vaccine Efficacy” or “Vaccine Adverse Events With strict literature search and screening processes, it yielded 14 articles (2020 = 2; 2021 = 10 articles; 2023 = 2 articles) from 400 articles of initial literature database (2020-2023). A study demonstrated in early March 2021 the efficacy of various COVID-19 vaccines produced by many manufacturers in symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patients and patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) variants as the following products (vaccine name), used technology, doses, efficacy against symptomatic disease, and efficacy against variants (B.1.1.7 (first detected in the United Kingdom) and B.1.351 (first detected in South Africa)). It is hard to predict the long-term risk of immune escape. From experience with avian coronavirus, vaccines against one variant will protect against similar variants, but not always against highly divergent variants. As SARSCoV-2 (COVID-19) variants are too divergent, similar to flu vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines will be changed. In conclusion, modifying COVID-19 vaccines would probably be the most straightforward step in involving SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) variants. As SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) variants are too divergent, similar to flu vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines will be changed. It might be more robust that multivalent vaccines include the viral nucleoprotein in the long term. More challenging will be deciding when and how to deploy COVID-19 vaccines 2.0.

 

Author (s) Details

Cheepsattayakorn A
Faculty of Medicine, Western University, Thailand, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Thailand, 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, Thailand and Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand.

 

Cheepsattayakorn R
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v1/2779

Evaluation of the Safety and Anti-cholangiocarcinoma Efficacy of CMC-Formulated Atractylodes lancea Rhizome Extract in Animal Models | Chapter 4 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 1

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is commonly reported in Asia, with the highest incidence in northeastern Thailand. The lack of effective chemotherapeutic drugs has limited the chemotherapy of CCA. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies support further research and development of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (AL) as a potential candidate for treating CCA as a crude ethanolic extract.

Aim: In the present study, we evaluated the toxicity and anti-CCA activity of the CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Control) capsule formulation of the ethanolic rhizome extract of AL (CMC-AL) in animals.

Methods: This experimental, preclinical study focused on a pharmacological agent's safety (toxicity) and efficacy in animal models. The study included toxicity testing (to assess the formulation's safety) and anticancer efficacy testing (to evaluate its therapeutic potential). Major steps included acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity testing in Wistar rats and anti-CCA activity in a CCA-xenografted nude mouse model. According to the OECD guideline, the safety of CMC-AL was determined based on the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). The anti-CCA activity of CMC-AL in nude mice was evaluated after transplantation of CL-6 cells to evaluate inhibitory effects on tumor size progression and metastasis and survival time prolongation. Safety assessments included hematology, biochemistry parameters and histopathological examination. Lung metastasis was investigated using a VEGF ELISA kit.

Results: Preclinical toxicity testing (acute, subchronic, and chronic) is essential to confirm the safety of the finished products, either chemicals or herbal products. All evaluations confirmed satisfactory pharmaceutical properties of oral formulation and safety profile of the CMC-AL with no overt toxicity up to the MTD and NOAEL of 5,000 and 3,000 mg/kg body weight, respectively. CMC-AL exhibited potent anti-CCA efficacy concerning inhibitory activity on tumor progression and lung metastasis.

Conclusions: CMC-AL is safe and should be further investigated in a clinical trial as a potential therapy for CCA patients. The findings confirmed the safety profile of the CMC formulation of the standardized AL extract following a prolonged period of 365 days.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn
Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Pharmacology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand and Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

 

Kesara Na-Bangchang
Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Pharmacology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand and Drug Discovery and Development Center, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v1/3511

Microbial Study of Borassus flabellifer L. in the Conservation and Preservation of Palm Leaves-Tala Patra Manuscripts | Chapter 4 | Innovative Solutions: A Systematic Approach towards Sustainable Future

Aim: The aim of the study is to access the microbial activity of Tala patra    leaves-Palm Leaves Manuscripts-PLM-B. flabellifer for the preservation and conservation of Tala patra manuscripts.

Study Design: The study is designed in such a way that the leaves sample were used for the different microbial study in the science laboratory. The observation was recorded and the result is predicted with the help of the standards.

Place and Duration of the Study: The leaves sample of Tala patra was collected in the Department of Manuscriptology, Karnataka Samskrit University, Chamarajpet, Bangalore. The work has started in February 2024.

Methodology: In this work we have chosen microbial isolation was done from the leaves sample collected, by using suitable growth media under controlled condition to facilitate their growth and study.

Results: This study possesses the antimicrobial activity which will inhibit the growth of various microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and even viruses. The study supports us to know the leaf-microbe interactions, as few microbes have symbiotic association with the plant and few could be pathogenic to plant.

Conclusion: According to ‘Constitution of India - 1950’ In Part IV-A under fundamental Duties in article 51A “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India-point no. (f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.” (Govt. of India,2015.). Therefore, its everyone duty is to preserve the heritage of India by preserving the PLM. In this context, microbial studies of B. flabellifer manuscripts leaves offer valuable insights into the potential on the manuscripts and provide a basis for the preservation and conservation of original PLM.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ashwini M
Karnataka Samskrit University, Chamarajpet, Bangalore-18, India.

 

Ramakrishna Bhat K
Karnataka Samskrit University, Chamarajpet, Bangalore-18, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-49238-47-3/CH4

Leveraging Leaderboards in Gamified Pedagogy: A Catalyst for Enhancing Engagement, Interpersonal, and Communication Skills in Engineering Learners | Chapter 8 | Theory and Applications of Engineering Research Vol. 5

Many engineering students struggle to grasp content in traditional classroom lectures. Research indicates that student attention spans in such settings often wane after just 15 minutes. Consequently, innovative pedagogical methods are essential to foster active engagement in the classroom. One promising approach is the integration of educational games, which offer a dynamic environment conducive to experiential learning. Our research primarily focuses on adapting and implementing custom-designed games tailored to enhance participation, and engagement among undergraduate engineering students. These games are meticulously crafted to align with specific subject matter requirements. Empirical evidence from our interventions spanning 2021 to 2023 demonstrates a notable increase in student engagement, interpersonal and communication skills, as corroborated by statistical analyses, including P-tests. The consistency of these findings over a three-year period underscores the efficacy of our gamified pedagogical approach in undergraduate engineering education.

Author(s) Details:

B. Hema Kumar,
Department of EIE, Puducherry Technological University, India.

M. Florance Mary,
Department of EIE, Puducherry Technological University, India.

S. Snehalathaa,
Department of Management Studies, Puducherry Technological University, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAER-V5/article/view/13299

Determining the Anti-insect Activities of Solvent Extracts of Andrographis paniculata on the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.)| Chapter 8 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

 Diamondback worm, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus.) is a major infection of Brassicaceae crops, causing significant result loss everywhere. The insecticidal activities of Andrographis paniculata firm extracts against diamondback moth were investigated a suggestion of choice to pesticides. Among the extracts tested, insignificant value per cent humanness was observed in hexane extract of A. paniculata at 0.6 per cent aggregation. At 0.6 percent concentrations, intoxicating and ethyl acetate extracts had maximum death rates of 65.00 and 90.00%, respectively. The present study backed the occurrence of bug-specific opposing bioactive compounds in A. paniculata and depicted favored choice of solvent for the extraction of insecticidal elements. It also underpins allure potential as an alternative source of normal compounds for the management of infections.

Author(s) Details:

R. Sangavi,
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India.

Y. S. Johnson Thangaraj Edward,
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

S. Jeyarajan Nelson,
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

M. Paramasivam,
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

C. Meenambigai,
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V5/article/view/8826

Evaluation of Some Commercially Available Insecticides against Mango Leaf Gall Midge Procontarinia matteiana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) | Chapter 12 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 4

 India produces the most mangos in the world, yet it has the lowest production among the top five countries. One of the most important difficulties confronting the mango business is pest complexes that destroy fruits, blooms, stems, and foliage. Over 400 pests attack mangos around the world. Mango leaves are attacked by many Cecidomyiidae species, particularly those of the genus Procontarinia. The most frequent and ubiquitous species, Procontarinia matteiana (Kieffer & Cecconi), is a well-known mango pest across Asia and Africa. The adult midge is a tiny insect that dies after 24 hours of emergence following copulation and oviposition. Small wart-like galls can be found on the leaves. Leaves that have been heavily galled curl up and drop prematurely. As a result, photosynthetic efficiency is reduced, and normal physiological activity of the tree is disrupted, resulting in lower mango fruit harvests. As a result, in two consecutive seasons, a study was carried out on selected uniform plants (cv. Himsagar) at a private orchard in Chhotajagulia, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India, to assess the bioefficacy of new insecticide mixtures alongside conventional insecticides against mango leaf gall midge (2017-18). The study's goal is to determine the bioefficacy of several newly developed insecticides and insecticidal modules, as well as conventional insecticides and biopesticides, in controlling mango leaf gall midges. The study used a randomized block design with three replications of each treatment and an untreated water spray control. There were eight treatments in total, including the control. A total of 500 leaves were randomly selected from a branch to be examined and the percentage of newly developed and mature galls on fresh leaves calculated. The damage was measured at weekly intervals by counting total leaves vs afflicted leaves. The combination of beta-cyfluthrin 9 percent + imidacloprid 21 percent 300 OD@ 75 g a.i/ha was shown to be the most effective in reducing leaf gall infestation, followed by thiamethoxam 12.6 percent + lambda cyhalothrin 9.5 percent 247 ZC @ 22 g a.i/ha.

Author(S) Details

Tirthankar Dalui
Department of Zoology, Barasat College, 1 Kalyani Road, Kolkata-700126, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V4/article/view/4304

Determining the Efficacy and Safety of Teneligliptin and Metformin Versus Glimepiride and Metformin in Patients of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Uncontrolled with Monotherapy | Chapter 6 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 10

 Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, with both short- and long-term effects.

Material and Methods: The study included 60 patients, divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Teneligliptin 10 mg once a day and metformin 500 mg twice a day after meals were administered to Group 1 participants for 12 weeks. Glimepiride 1 mg once a day and metformin 500 mg twice a day after meals were administered to Group 2 patients for 12 weeks. Following the signed consent, the patient's medical history, clinical examination, and biochemical tests such as FBG, PPBG, HbA1c, and lipid profile were performed. FBG and PPBG were repeated every week for a total of 12 weeks. HbA1c and lipid profiles were measured at the start and end of the trial.

The change in FBG was greater in group 1 than in group 2. When comparing the drop in PPBG in patients in groups 1 and 2 there was a highly significant difference in group 1. HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, HDL, and LDL levels all changed more in group 1 than in group 2.

Conclusion: When compared to Glimepiride and metformin, teneligliptin and metformin resulted in a larger improvement in glycaemic and lipid profiles. Teneligliptin is therefore more effective than glimepiride.

Author (S) Details

Nitika Hans
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V10/article/view/2843

Determination of Efficacy of Allium sativum (Garlic) Bulbs Extracts on Some Enteric (Pathogenic) Bacteria| Chapter 4 | Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 2

 The goal of this investigation was to see if ethanol and aqueous extracts of Allium sativum (garlic) could successfully kill pure cultures of pathogenic and enteric bacteria. Cold extraction of Allium sativum (garlic) bulbs yielded ethanol and water extracts, which were subsequently concentrated in a soxhlet apparatus. By mixing the bulbs and then squeezing the juice out with muslin fabric, a crude (raw) extract of the bulbs was also obtained. These extracts were put to the test in a variety of ways.concentrations on four enteric bacteria species, including Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella spp., to see how effective they are against these dangerous bacteria. The crude extract yielded an extremely positive outcome, while the others yielded negative results.

Author (s) Details

Matthew, Titus
Department of Biology, College of Education, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPPSR-V2/article/view/2665

A Comparative Overview of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy and Total Abdominal Hysterectomy | Chapter 9 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 2

 Hysterectomy is a gynaecological procedure used to treat benign conditions like uterine leiomyoma, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and severe endometriosis that have failed to respond to medical or conservative surgical treatment, as well as malignant conditions like cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. Abdominal, vaginal, and laparoscopic hysterectomy are all options. The most common procedure is abdominal hysterectomy, but it is more intrusive and is associated with more blood loss, a longer recovery time, and a longer hospital stay. Laparoscopic hysterectomy has become a generally accepted treatment around the world since Reich's introduction in 1989. When compared to laparotomy, laparoscopic hysterectomy was found to have lower postoperative morbidity, greater quality of life, shorter hospital stay, and less blood loss. The study's goal was to assess the surgical outcomes, as well as intra- and post-operative complications, of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH) versus Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) (TAH). Between October 2016 and September 2018, a retrospective study was undertaken at SMGS hospital, GMC Jammu, with a total of 252 patients participating. Patients were separated into two groups, each with 126 patients: Group A included patients who had TLH and Group B included patients who had TAH. We found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of patient age (45.164.58 against 45.236.44), parity (4.322.08 versus 4.773.18), or surgical indication. The operation time in TLH (116.0216.38) was observed to be longer than in TAH (83.1821.40). The time spent in the hospital was much shorter in TLH than in TAH ( p value 0.0001). The TAH group had a higher Hb decline than the TLH group (1.460.64 versus 1.830.68). TAH patients received 25 (19.8%) post-operative blood transfusions, whereas TLH patients received only 9 (7.14%) post-operative blood transfusions, a statistically significant difference (p value0.0001). The time to ambulation in TLH patients was significantly less than in TAH patients (9.944.29 versus 23.031.28). In TAH, wound infection was more common than in TLH; 5 patients had wound infection, and 4 had wound dehiscence that required suturing. Due to adhesions, vascular injury, and bowel injury in one case, laparoscopy was switched to laparotomy in eight patients. An skilled surgeon can safely perform TLH as an alternative to abdominal hysterectomy, according to this study. It provides a number of benefits over TAH, including a smaller incision, earlier ambulation, a shorter hospital stay, and a quicker recovery time, as well as the lack of more serious problems.

Author (S) Details

Anju Dogra
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Government Medical College, Jammu, J&K, India.

Vinay Kumar
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Government Medical College, Jammu, J&K, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V2/article/view/2682

A Comprehensive Review on Tumor Cavity Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Resected Brain Metastases | Chapter 14 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 2

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been widely used not only for intact brain metastases but also late after surgery for the postoperative cavity of metastases, due to the benefits of SRS in preserving neurocognitive functions, maintaining local control and prescribing treatment in a short time frame. Randomized trials have proven the safety and efficacy of cavity SRS compared to observation. There has been a revolution in clinical approach for patients with limited intact brain metastases to treat with SRS only and omit WBRT, as WBRT offers no survival advantage compared to SRS and frequent monitoring with brain MRIs for early rescue upon failure. Recent implementation of PO-SRS applications to the resected BMs treatment algorithm has reputably enhanced local control at the surgical resection bed compared to observation or WBRT Similarly, there is a growing reputation for postoperative cavity SRS for brain metastases. In this review, we summarize the evidence for evidence-based optimization in the postoperative setting of brain metastases that have been surgically removed.

Author (s) Details

Yasemin Bolukbasi
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Ugur Selek
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Duygu Sezen
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Nulifer Kilic Durankus
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Eyub Yasar Akdemir
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Sukran Senyurek
Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ahmet Kucuk
Mersin City Education and Research Hospital, Radiation Oncology Clinics, Mersin, Turkey.

Berrin Pehlivan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Erkan Topkan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty, Baskent University, Adana, Turkey.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V2/issue/view/20