A Review on the Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacological Potential of Cissus quadrangularis L. | Chapter 02 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 9

 

The family Vitaceae consists of several species of plants that have many properties to cure many illnesses and disorders in mankind. Many plant extracts have been reported to have pharmacological uses in many therapies. Manufacturing and pricing of herbal pharmaceuticals can make them more favourable to be exploited in research and progress of new treatment approaches, permitting patients to connect to new medications which are faster and safer for relexification. This review reveals a species of Cissus named Cissus quadragularis L., about its medicinal and herbal uses and its utilisation in the medical field due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as tannin, alkaloid, and flavonoids, as it is used in the drug and cosmetic industry. This review explores the phytochemical composition and pharmacological potential of Cissus quadrangularis, focusing on its application in herbal formulations. The plant exhibits a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including triterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and phenolic glycosides, found in various parts such as the stem, leaves, fruits, and roots. These phytochemicals contribute to its broad pharmacological activities, which include anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, antiobesity, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and bone-healing properties, and female health, as it is used to regulate menstruationduet. Although the review shows therapeutic and pharmacological properties and uses of Cissus quadrangularis as a medicinal herb. It was concluded that the root stem leaves, fruit extracts of the plant C. quadrangularis have therapeutic potential and are acknowledged to possess wound healing, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity and are regularly used to quicken the process of bone fracture healing. The plant is considered a versatile medicinal plant in both the Ayurvedic and modern drug development fields for its valuable therapeutic uses. C. quadrangularis needs to be appraised in scientific research using specific experiments on animal models and clinical trials to recognise the molecular mechanism of action, in the exploration of lead molecules from natural resources.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Ruchika Khatri
IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur, India.

 

Smita Purohit
Department of Botany, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v9/6591

Anti-Elastase Activity of Extract, Extract-loaded Nanoparticles, and Serum Gels of Indonesian Bilberry Leaves: A Comparison | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4

 Background: Elastin is about 1000 times more flexible than collagens. The main function is to provide elasticity and resilience to expandable tissues such as skin, aorta, and lungs.

Aims: To do a comparative study of the anti-elastase activity of the extract, extract-loaded gelatin nanoparticles and serum gels of Indonesian Bilberry leaves.

Methods: Extraction of the leaves used the maceration method with 70% ethanol at a pH of 2 and dried using a rotavapor and an oven. The dry extracts were phytochemical screened and tested for specific and non-specific parameters. The synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles used the desolvation method with polymer gelatin and cross-linker glutaraldehyde, and then they were characterized. The extracts and the gelatin nanoparticles were formulated into serum gels and evaluated for physical, chemical, and anti-elastase activity at 40°C for six weeks. The extracts, nanoparticles, and formulations were assayed for anti-elastase activity at 410 nm.

Results: The extracts met standards, while the nanoparticles showed particle sizes of 174.7 nm, polydispersity index of 0.34, zeta potential of 2.82 mV, entrapment efficiency of 38.6%, aldimine on FTIR and shape of stacked nanoparticles. The anti-elastase activity of the extract was 49.37 ppm, while the nanoparticles were 72.92 ppm, respectively. In addition, the serum gels of F1 were 117.92 ppm, and F2 were 142.92 ppm. F1 and F2 were stable during storage. It is still possible to enhance the activity of the serum gels, such as by increasing the addition of actives.

Conclusion: The extract, gelatin nanoparticles, and serum gels of F1 and F2 have anti-elastase activity in the potent category for the extract and nanoparticles, while moderate category for F1 and F2. The serum gels are physicochemically stable during storage. Increasing the activity of the serum gels is possible by adding the extract concentration.

 

Author (s) Details

Kosasih Kosasih
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

Ananta Altriyuana
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

Zainur Rahman Hakim
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4769

Determination of Efficacy of Allium sativum (Garlic) Bulbs Extracts on Some Enteric (Pathogenic) Bacteria| Chapter 4 | Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 2

 The goal of this investigation was to see if ethanol and aqueous extracts of Allium sativum (garlic) could successfully kill pure cultures of pathogenic and enteric bacteria. Cold extraction of Allium sativum (garlic) bulbs yielded ethanol and water extracts, which were subsequently concentrated in a soxhlet apparatus. By mixing the bulbs and then squeezing the juice out with muslin fabric, a crude (raw) extract of the bulbs was also obtained. These extracts were put to the test in a variety of ways.concentrations on four enteric bacteria species, including Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella spp., to see how effective they are against these dangerous bacteria. The crude extract yielded an extremely positive outcome, while the others yielded negative results.

Author (s) Details

Matthew, Titus
Department of Biology, College of Education, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPPSR-V2/article/view/2665

Indian Tinospora Species: As Antibacterial Agents and Phytochemical Evaluation | Chapter 11 | Current Strategies in Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology Vol. 2

Tinospora cordifolia (Family: Minispermaceae), mainly found at tropical regions of India. It is widely used as a medicine in the Folk and Ayurvedic Systems. It possesses general adatogenic, rejuvenating and immunomodulatory activity and therefore, it is widely used in Ayurveda. There are mainly three species, namely Tinospora cordifolia, Tinospora malabarica (sinensis) and Tinospora crispa, widely found to grow in India. Of these three species, only T. cordifolia is recommended in Ayurveda and used by Indian plant based Industries for manufacture of herbal medicines. Stem is the official commercial part used for preparation of various medicines. In view of importance of Indian Tinospora species in the Indian System of Medicine (ISM), the present study has been focused to evaluate the extracts of three Tinospora species for antibacterial activities and phytochemical evaluation in order to understand and recommend these species as an Antibacterial Agents to herbal medicine manufacturing Industries. 

Author (s) Details

Ms. Nikita Patel
C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Mahuva Road, Bardoli, Surat - 394 350, Gujarat, India.

Ms. Swetal Patel
C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Mahuva Road, Bardoli, Surat - 394 350, Gujarat, India.

Mrs. Nidhi Patel
C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Mahuva Road, Bardoli, Surat - 394 350, Gujarat, India.

Ms. Swati Patel
C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Mahuva Road, Bardoli, Surat - 394 350, Gujarat, India.

Dr. Prof. R. Krishnamurthy
C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Mahuva Road, Bardoli, Surat - 394 350, Gujarat, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/206