Anti-Elastase Activity of Extract, Extract-loaded Nanoparticles, and Serum Gels of Indonesian Bilberry Leaves: A Comparison | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4

 Background: Elastin is about 1000 times more flexible than collagens. The main function is to provide elasticity and resilience to expandable tissues such as skin, aorta, and lungs.

Aims: To do a comparative study of the anti-elastase activity of the extract, extract-loaded gelatin nanoparticles and serum gels of Indonesian Bilberry leaves.

Methods: Extraction of the leaves used the maceration method with 70% ethanol at a pH of 2 and dried using a rotavapor and an oven. The dry extracts were phytochemical screened and tested for specific and non-specific parameters. The synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles used the desolvation method with polymer gelatin and cross-linker glutaraldehyde, and then they were characterized. The extracts and the gelatin nanoparticles were formulated into serum gels and evaluated for physical, chemical, and anti-elastase activity at 40°C for six weeks. The extracts, nanoparticles, and formulations were assayed for anti-elastase activity at 410 nm.

Results: The extracts met standards, while the nanoparticles showed particle sizes of 174.7 nm, polydispersity index of 0.34, zeta potential of 2.82 mV, entrapment efficiency of 38.6%, aldimine on FTIR and shape of stacked nanoparticles. The anti-elastase activity of the extract was 49.37 ppm, while the nanoparticles were 72.92 ppm, respectively. In addition, the serum gels of F1 were 117.92 ppm, and F2 were 142.92 ppm. F1 and F2 were stable during storage. It is still possible to enhance the activity of the serum gels, such as by increasing the addition of actives.

Conclusion: The extract, gelatin nanoparticles, and serum gels of F1 and F2 have anti-elastase activity in the potent category for the extract and nanoparticles, while moderate category for F1 and F2. The serum gels are physicochemically stable during storage. Increasing the activity of the serum gels is possible by adding the extract concentration.

 

Author (s) Details

Kosasih Kosasih
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

Ananta Altriyuana
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

Zainur Rahman Hakim
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4769

Tyrosinase Inhibition and Anti-elastase Activity of Leaves and Stem Bark Extract of Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre| Chapter 2 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 6

 Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre is a appendage of the Clusiaceae family and is owned by the islet of Sulawesi in Indonesia. The enzyme tyrosinase catalyzes the beginning in two responses in melanin synthesis (hydroxylation of l-tyrosinase to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) and corrosion of L-dopa to dopaquinone). Hyperpigmentation of human skin is a prevailing unwanted wonder. Researchers are pressed to find potential novel tyrosinase inhibitors for cosmetics, specifically antagonistic-hyperpigmentation. Elastase enzymes can reduce skin stretchiness, inducing aging.This study proposed to decide the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase and elastase enzymes from the leaves of Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre. Successive process to make softer forms obtained the extracts. Anti-tyrosinase assay utilizing the spectrophotometric design at 490 nm. The enzyme uses tyrosinase from lyophilized sprout powder (Sigma), and the substrate uses 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, L-DOPA (Sigma). The 100 ppm tyrosinase hindrance test (triplicate) results displayed that the leaf extracts, containing ethyl acetate extract 33.42 ± 5.98%, hexane extract 50.67 ± 0.47%, and methanol extract 50.68 ± 1.87%. In addition, the bark has the following endeavors flammable liquid extract of 43.76 ± 1.41% and ethyl acetate extract of 55.71 ± 2.80%. The percentage hindrance of the helpful control (kojic acid) was 65.07 ± 0.03% at 100 ppm.Successive ionic process to make softer systems obtained extracts. Anti-elastase test utilizing the spectrophotometric pattern at 405 nm. Enzyme for anti-elastase assay utilizing pertaining to pigs pancreatic elastase (PPE) and substrate level using N-Succ-(Ala)3-p-nitroanilide (SANA). Phytochemical hide for the maximal anti-elastase preventing ion by approximate test. Results: The results of the 100 ppm elastase inhibition test (double t) displayed that the leaf intoxicating extract was 23.38 ± 8.38%, leaf ethyl acetate extract 28.91 ± 15.19%, leaf hexane extract 8.14 ± 11.20%, the methanol extract of the bark was 24.41 ± 5.32%, and the ethyl acetate extract of the bark was 43.96 ± 12.53%. The results of phytochemical hide of the ethyl acetate extract of the bark of G. daedalanthera Pierre accompanied that the section held flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, and anthraquinones. Application / Authenticity / Value: Ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of G. daedalanthera Pierre had the topmost activity as antagonistic elastase.

Author(s) Details:

Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati,
Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia and Research Center for Cosmetics, Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta Timur, 13220, Indonesia.

Asya Aulia Nifa,
Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, East Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia.
 
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V6/article/view/8768