Vaccine and Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune Responses: Mechanisms and Evidence | Chapter 7 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 10

 

Vaccinations are one of the most important preventive tools against infectious diseases. The efficacy of a vaccine depends not only on the antigen components but also on adjuvants that are often used in order to stimulate the immune system in a more effective way. Human beings, in a normal immune homeostatic state, immune cells like macrophages, natural killer cells, iNKT, MAIT, g delta T cells and conventional B as well as conventional T cells, in one way or other recognise the host body components as self via the immune surveillance mechanisms. Though when there was a shift in immune homeostasis due to chronic induction by environmental stimulus, interplay of predisposing genetic elements, family history, bystander pathologic inflammatory system, innate and adaptive immune dysregulation, change in proteomic signature, as well as microbial interactions in a unified collective theme “Unified autoimmunity theme”. Immune cells become prone to recognise the self or self as a non-self with subsequent induction of autoimmune diseases. Vaccines and adjuvants associated with autoimmunity are currently being reported all over the world. The present chapter was aimed at vaccine and adjuvant-mediated autoimmune diseases. Different human-approved vaccines induce different autoimmune diseases; more than one vaccine may induce the same autoimmune disease. Shoenfeld Syndrome encompasses adjuvant-induced autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome, including Postvaccination reactions with an adjuvanted vaccine, macrophagic myofasciitis, sick building disease condition, Gulf War disease condition and siliconosis. A protocol for the practical evaluation of these diseases was suggested. Understanding the unified autoimmune theme and Shoenfeld Syndrome is crucial for producing vaccines with a safer side effect profile. Clinicians and researchers can use this knowledge to monitor, prevent, and manage vaccine-related autoimmune reactions more effectively.

 

 

Author(s) Details

 

Ibrahim M. S. Shnawa
Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, University of Qasim, Babylon, 5001, Iraq and Department of Prosthodontics, College of Health and Medical and Medical Technologies, University of Hilla, Babylon, 5001, Iraq.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v10/7004

 

A New Definition of Human Suffering and Satisfaction According to the Entropy Hypothesis: End Stage Dementia and Entropy | Chapter 6 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 1

Background: The emotional and intellectual life of human beings is composed of two principal conditions: a feeling of well-being and a condition of despair, i.e. a feeling of satisfaction and enjoyment, and a state of suffering. Human suffering has received limited attention in medical education, research, and practice.

 

Objectives: A new definition of human suffering and satisfaction according to the entropy hypothesis may facilitate comprehension of health, disease, and the aging process.

 

Methods: A cohort study of 71 patients (28 females, 43 males), with very advanced dementia, who died in our ward during the study period. The intense suffering level of end-stage dementia patients was evaluated by the Mini-Suffering State Examination (MSSE) scale. Comparisons between the three levels of MSSE (low, intermediate, and high) with regard to demographic and clinical variables, were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test, and Fisher’s exact test, where applicable.

 

Results: Suffering level in end-stage dementia has a significant correlation with short survival, advancing age, more severe illness, malnutrition, the existence of decubitus ulcers, and the administration of medications. Established correlations could be explained by the enhanced level of the patient’s body entropy.

 

Discussion: Suffering and satisfaction are functional levels of human entropy.

An elevated level of human entropy is a measure of disorder, a process of ageing and torment of the patient.

 

Author(s) Details

Bechor Z. Aminoff
Geriatric Division, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Human Suffering and Satisfaction Research Center, El-Ad, Israel.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v1/1492

 

The vnd/NK-2 Gene in Drosophila melanogaster: Impacts of Small Molecular Changes on Development and Genetic Stability| Chapter 8 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 5

 

Any change (i.e., a mutation) in the DNA sequence of any gene might result in significant cellular alterations, thereby damaging the corresponding organism and giving rise to a genetic defect. The knowledge on the NK-2 class of homeobox-containing genes and their encoded proteins was summarised. These genes are characterised by the presence of a 180-base-pair segment of DNA called the homeobox. The corresponding 60 amino acid residue fragment of the encoded protein is called the homeodomain. The NK-2 class of homeobox genes is defined by the encoding of tyrosine in position 54 of the homeodomain, which is responsible for the recognition of the unusual 5’ – CAAGTG – 3’ core consensus DNA sequence. The structural results on the NK-2 homeodomains both in the free and DNA-bound states, thermodynamic properties and CAT assays of the wild type and selected single amino acid residue replacements were reviewed. The review began by describing the structural, thermodynamic and binding experiments that were performed both on wild-type and mutant encoded proteins from these genes. These biophysical measurements with functional studies are designed to tell how any structural or thermodynamic changes that are observed might influence the ability of these genes or gene products to function properly. The study demonstrated that a tyrosine to methionine mutation in the vnd/NK-2 homeodomain and a mutation from tyrosine to cysteine in the highly homologous human cardiac CSX/NKX-2.5 homeodomain do not alter the structures of their respective homeodomain-DNA complexes. The transgenic data on a mutant gene that encodes for methionine in vnd/NK-2, a CNS gene, is lethal. Both the tyrosine to cysteine mutant in position 54 of the CSX/NKX-2.5 homeodomain that arises from a missense UAC to UGC mRNA codon change and a synonymous tyrosine to tyrosine change in position 14 from the rare UAU to the common UAC mRNA codon, also in the CSX/NKX-2.5 homeodomain, result in serious congenital heart defects. The potential roles of the mRNA in vnd/NK-2 were investigated by carrying out preliminary transient transfection assays using RNA Affymetrix chip assay data to show that the altered mRNAs do not properly repress known downstream target genes. The study suggested that alterations in the mRNA, as well as changes in individual amino acid residues in a protein, apparently can act as etiological agents to generate phenotypic alterations or genetic diseases in humans. A detailed molecular explanation for these observations remains elusive, although the information available on synonymous mutations does indicate an important role associated with changes in the mRNA that requires further investigation.

 

Author(s) Details

Kae-Jung Hwang
U.S. Pharmacopeia, 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.

 

James A. Ferretti
Laboratory of Structural Biophysics, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive MSC-8013, Bethesda, MD 20892-8013, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v5/5742

 

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Cardiovascular Disease | Chapter 4 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 8

Cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, aortic disease, peripheral vascular disease, and heart failure, contribute to significant causes of worldwide mortality despite modern advances in medicine and surgery. The use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE, Goretex) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Dacron) for vascular graft implantation is common to treat patients with PAD and aortic disease. Current vascular grafts and prosthetic heart valves used to treat CVD have limitations such as the lack of growth capacity and risks of thrombosis, stenosis, and calcification. Similarly, left ventricular (LV) reconstruction surgery can reduce the dilated LV volume after cardiac remodeling, but is incapable of regenerating the myocardium. Theoretically, cardiovascular tissue engineering has the potential to address the limitations of current grafts and prosthetic heart valves. An ideal tissue-engineered vascular graft (TEVG) and heart valve (TEHV) is thrombus-free, easily handled, biocompatible, durable, and maintains mechanical integrity as the scaffold degrades and remodels into native tissue. However, small-diameter (<6 mm) TEVGs have not yet shown clinical effectiveness, and TEHVs still have limitations for clinical use. Cell injection therapies, which induce myocardial regeneration, are promising approaches for myocardial repair. Several clinical trials using human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes have been initiated. Here various advanced devices, approaches, and strategies to address current drawbacks were reviewed, focusing on current clinical studies and ongoing clinical trials for TEVG, TEHV, and myocardial regeneration based on cardiovascular medicine. Currently, the development of tissue-engineered arterial grafts seems to be trending towards biomaterial utilization rather than cell-based approaches. Contrastingly, the development of TEHVs has encountered a period of stagnation. However, as many researchers are continuing their studies, further results will be published. 

 

Author (s) Details

 

Hideki Miyachi
Division of Cardiovascular Intensive Care, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

 

Hirotsugu Kurobe
Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, EHIME University, Toon, Japan.

 

Toshiharu Shinoka
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v8/4478

Resistant Starch and Human Health | Chapter 6 | Current Innovations in Disease and Health Research Vol. 2

 The trouble of introducing resistant vigor (RS) into the diet and increasing allure intake persists regardless of several research show that RS has a significant impact on reconstructing food's digestive content and preventing disease. Of the five famous RS types, only RS2 and RS3 have undergone all-encompassing research and received widespread publishing coverage. In conclusion, this phase offers intriguing information about the likely role of RS in the administration of human health and additional inquiry into the mechanism it plays. it is clear that resistant starch has plenty potential to be included into food systems to supply a wide range of energy benefits, from reducing the risk of colon cancer to directing weight deficit and preventing type 2 diabetes.

Author(s) Details:

Nandita Krishnan,
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 116, India.

Supriya V.,
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 116, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIDHR-V2/article/view/11194

Determination of Consumptive Behavior against Potential Hypertension: A Case Study from Pangkep Community in South Sulawesi Indonesia | Chapter 1 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 Daily existence activities show the accumulation of complex behaviors in everyday life and few middle-old individuals undertake physical training or entertainment at their jobs or all along leisure period, it is important to examine either overall physical activity in constantly life donates to a reduction of the risk of hypertension. The study uses qualitative research accompanying a phenomenological approach. The sampling form uses snowball savoring. The study was conducted in June 2018 -Jan 2019. They prefer instant, active, and delicious cookings to eat, and this has then happened in rural societies, especially in Pangkep Regency, on account of the habit of attending food courts and fast food diners. Patients with hypertension are the main causes of demise (13.13%) and increasing cases (11,620) in Pangkep Regency in 2018 and 2019. Hypertension is a affliction caused by various causes that are interrelated to each one. One of the causes of hypertension is nutrition (product and vegetable consumption clothings). Researchers want to resolve the relationship betwixt consumer behavior in destructive life accompanying hypertension. Data analysis methods include the results of interviews, data decline, analysis, dossier interpretation, and triangulation. Factors that influence the occurrence of hypertension are divided into two abundant groups that are factors that can not be reduced such as gender, age, ancestral and can be reduced factors in the way that diet, exercise habits, and smoking dresses. Based on the results of the study, diet with recurrences often exhaust foods that contain extreme energy, sodium, type of fatty acid and low texture can increase the risk of hypertension. This is evidenced by the a lot of patients visiting at the Health Service accompanying a diagnosis of hypertension. The people of Pangkep Regency have a destructive behavior so that they are at extreme risk of developing corpulence, hypertension. The impact of conditions results in depressed health numbers experienced for one community. The people of Pangkep Regency have a destructive behavior for fear that they are at high risk of developing corpulence, hypertension.

Author(s) Details:

Darwis,

Stikes Nani Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.

Muzakkir,

Stikes Nani Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.

Masriadi,

Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V3/article/view/11234

Mycofloral Pathogen Associated with Anthracnose of Mango in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria | Chapter 4 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

 Mango products sold in Yola and the neighborhood exhibit symptoms of the anthracnose disease. Therefore, the study focused on seclusion, characterization, identification and pathogenicity experiment of fungal pathogen guide the disease in Yola, Adamawa State, Northeastern Nigeria. Mango crops and leaves that were naturally infected accompanying anthracnose were purposefully sampled from home flowers, farms, and marketplaces. The naturally infected plant parts appearance the disease syndromes were taken and proposed to the laboratory for direct isolation, description, identification of the fresh pathogen and pathogenicity testing of fungal isolates. 5 mm2 pieces of indicative crown tissue were inspired from the advancing injury margins, sterilized accompanying 70% ethanol for 2 brief time period, then with 10% sodium hypochlorite for 1 brief time period and lastly rinsed in 3 changes of clean distilled water. The completely clean lesion cut piece were placed on each petri bowl containing the hardened PDA. A plug of sporulating mycelia was taken each plate, mixed with 2 drops of Lactophenol cotton sad “RM” stain, (Biolution Resources), covered accompanying a slide cover, was used for deciding spore shape and number of septa. Colonies bearing same countenance were grouped together and identified as alike species. Nineteen fungal communities from three genera were obtained from the sampled instinctively infected unhealthy plant parts. They are; Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oryzae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were recognized located the morphological similarities; color, quality, spore shape and magnitude, and number of septa. The frequency of C. gloeosporioides was highest (66.67%) (77.78%) in two together infected products and leaves, followed by A. niger (11.11% and 20.00%) and R. oryzae (22.22% and 10%), individually.   Of the three isolates, only one (C. gloeosporioides), was found expected pathogenic, by its skill to incite anthracnose disease on the specific healthy plant part.

Author(s) Details:

Aishatu Haruna,
Department of Crop Protection, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Fadimatu A. Jika,
Department of Crop Protection, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Mahmud Y. Jada,
Department of Crop Protection, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Gali A. Ishaku,
Department of Biotechnology, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V4/article/view/10813

Persistent Xerophthalmia in a Patient with Rheumatological Disease and Priiviary Sjogren's Syndrome: Case Report from Northern Brazil | Chapter 18 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 This record of what happened aims to contribute to the literature in consideration of highlight the significance of this collaboration 'tween medical specialties. A female patient R.N.N. F, age 66, from the city of Manaus, accompanying a previous disease of sjogren's syndrome in regularfollow-up bythe Rheumatology team at the Araujo Lima person being treated for medical problem clinic and referred to the Ophthalmology area for complementary judgment related to visual discomfort. The fundoscopy acted in the patientwas within normal limits, but the syndromes experienced by her confirmed to be an important dispassionate finding, that has ratified the need for regular and combining several branches of learning follow-up. This report unequivocally manifests that even in the face of tests deliberate within the expected limits for a likely population, the clinical performance can be particular and particular for each analyzed individual. Early hide exams should contemplate the patient in a complete and individualized habit whenever possible.

Author(s) Details:

Camile Smith de Oliveira Brito,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Horlando Juniorsantos LagesAlcantara,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Joao de Joao Oliveira Leitao Limeira,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Julie Souza da Silva,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Sebastiao Barreto Falcao Neto,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Joao Vlctor Oliveira de Melo,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Youssef Sabba Tayah,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

David Tayah,
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Milton Ruiz Alves
Federal University of Amazonas, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V7/article/view/10583

Climate Change and Increasing Flood Frequency in Kashmir [1815-2015 A.D.]| Chapter 8 | Current Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 6

 In Kashmir, flooding has been a constant since the region's creation. Since the 1890s, the frequency has dramatically grown. Several scientists today assert that climate change has increased the chance of disasters. The researcher looked at the primary sources of Kashmir history from the previous 200 years to assess whether there had been any climate change in Kashmir over this time and, if so, whether it had affected the frequency of floods in Kashmir. The researcher also investigated post-flood disorders to determine whether there was a connection between these diseases and climate change. Consequently, expanding telecommunication infrastructure necessitates more electricity to run, which is why we believe the topic of our discussion is pertinent. This essay explores how energy and environmental auditing, along with an effective energy management system, pave the way for green telecom in terms of green telecom networks, equipment maintenance, building design, and trash disposal. The talk focused on the use of solar power in telecom towers as well as research using case studies and governmental directives to satisfy the requirements of strategic fit compliances for environmental protection.

Author(s) Details:

Shahid Nabi Wani,
Department of History, University of Kashmir, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAGEES-V6/article/view/8266

Akabane Test, Theory and Practice of Thermopuncture Diagnostics and Correction | Book Publisher International

The book is based on findings from analysing thousands of patients using the Akabane test over the course of 30 years of using these tools. These information is easily processed mathematically and is supported by evidence from evidence-based medicine research. Recently, there has been a global rise in interest in what are referred to as "unconventional methods of diagnosis and therapy." The information will enable us to reevaluate this prevalent illness and identify fresh new approaches for its early detection, monitoring, and treatment.

 

Author (s) Details

Muzhikov Valery Gennadievich

CEO 'Med Byte LLC', St. Petersburg, Russia.

 

Please see the link here:-  https://stm.bookpi.org/ATTPTDC/issue/view/750

 

The Evolution of Obesity: An Approach for Evolutionary Advantage to a Disease | Chapter 08 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 Obesity has been related to a variety of ailments as well as a shorter life expectancy. This critical public health concern is becoming more prevalent around the world.

The goal of this study is to show how obesity has evolved from the Paleolithic era to the current day, and to promote it as a sickness rather than a survival advantage as it was previously thought.

Methods: Based on a narrative assessment of the literature, this is an overview of the evolution of obesity throughout history, including from a sociocultural perspective and tying it to metabolic problems.

Obesity has been around since the Paleolithic period, and it was once thought to be advantageous since it was linked to high social standing and fertility. Physicians began to correlate it with disorders around the same period, but it wasn't until the 1920s that it received significant attention as a sickness.

Conclusions: Obesity has been present throughout history, according to published literature on the subject. Obesity appears to be recognised as an illness, both politically and medically, in recent years.

Author(S) Details

Keneilwe Malomo
Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland.

Ontefetse Ntlholang
General, Geriatric and Stroke Medicine, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V7/article/view/4532

Magnitude of Ocular Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross Sectional Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in East India | Chapter 3 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 1. Determine the severity of ocular symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

2. Determine the statistical significance of patient age in relation to disease duration.

3. Determine the statistical significance of disease duration in relation to the incidence of ocular manifestations.

The study was conducted as a cross-sectional observational study.

The sample size is 144.

The study will last 18 months.

In this investigation, case control was not required.

Slit lamp biomicroscopy with a 90 D Volk lens was used to examine the anterior and posterior segments. The procedures included gonioscopy, applanation tonometry, automated perimetry, and indirect ophthalmoscopy. A dry eye examination was performed.

SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis, with a p value of less than 0.05 considered significant.

Females (118) outnumbered males in this study of 144 patients. Ocular signs were found in 53 (36.7%) of patients, bilaterally in 35 (66%) of patients, and multiplely in 32 (60.4%) of patients.

The most prevalent ocular symptom was dry eye (30.5 percent ).

In terms of visual manifestations and age groups (p=0.000), the length of disease was statistically significant (p=0.001).

Conclusion: The most prevalent ocular manifestation was dry eye.

In terms of visual signs, the length of disease was statistically significant.

When compared to age groups, the duration of disease was statistically significant. Ocular signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis are prevalent and should be addressed as soon as possible.

Ophthalmologists should be trained to look for ocular as well as other extra-articular signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Author (S) Details

Udbuddha Dutta
Department of Ophthalmology, R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.

Uddeepta Dutta
Department of General Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V10/article/view/3502

Functional Effects of Fermented Soybean Food in China | Book Publisher International

 In East Asia, such as China, Japan, and South Korea, fermented soybean cuisine is a popular snack. In China, fermented soybean products are tasty and can be used for both seasoning and treatment. Long-term consumption can boost food intake, eliminate buildup, and break up stagnation. The functional roles of two key Chinese soybean fermented products, Shuidouchi and fermented soymilk, are summarised in this paper. Shuidouchi and Chinese fermented soymilk contain antioxidant, weight-loss, anti-inflammation, and cancer-prevention properties, according to many research, and are two good functional food classes. In China, the summary of this research will help to promote and enable a better knowledge of soy fermented foods and their functional purposes.

Author(s) Detalis

Dr. Xin Zhao
Chongqing University of Education, China.

Ms. Jing Zhang
Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, China.

Dr. Xianrong Zhou
Chongqing University of Education, China.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/FEFSFC/issue/view/233

Anticancer and Antiinflammatory Effects of Bamboo Salt | Book Publisher International

 Salt, as an inorganic molecule, plays a critical function in controlling muscle metabolism and permeability. It is stated that in ancient days, food was consumed raw without any added salt, but that during the cooking process, salt was obtained. Natural salt and refined salt are the two types of salt defined by the KS specification. Mechanical salt and processed salt are two types of refined salt. Ion exchange is used to mass create mechanical salt, and processed salt, such as roasted salt and bamboo salt, is heated. Bamboo salt is not the same as regular salt. It is high in inorganic compounds that the human body requires. It has an impact on a variety of disorders. It has therapeutic effects on gastritis, gastric ulcers, digestive system illnesses, trauma treatment, and detoxification, among other things. In addition, we published the findings of an experiment using toothpaste containing bamboo salt to lower the amount of Streptococcus in the mouth and alleviate gingivitis symptoms. The physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of bamboo salt were investigated in this work. Bamboo salt particles are uneven and lack evident morphology, whereas natural salt is found in a variety of forms on a regular basis. Bamboo salt has a grain size that is about ten times smaller than sea salt. Furthermore, while the crystal lattice of bamboo salt is damaged, the crystal lattice distortion in the solar salt structure cannot be generated. As a result, bamboo salt crystallisation and lattice distortion indicate that the stable state energy of the bamboo salt structure is larger. Bamboo salt is a novel material having a greater energy state than sea salt and refined salt, and it is thought to be quite distinct from regular salt. Bamboo salt had a better DPPH antioxidant impact than sea salt and refined salt, and Rubus coreanus bamboo salt had a better antioxidant effect than 9 times bamboo salt. The results of anti mutation of Rubus coreanu bamboo salt and the 9 times bamboo salt appeared, and other salt had mutation impact, based on self salt directly generating mutation causes and MNNG Ames test. HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells, HT-29 human colon cancer cells, and AGS human gastric cancer cells were used in an in vitro anticancer investigation with bamboo salt using the MTT method. The anticancer impact of bamboo salt is 15% higher than that of sea and sun salt at 1% concentration, according to the findings. Raspberry bamboo salt has a better anticancer impact in vitro than 9 times bamboo salt. Bamboo salt had the best influence on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, iNOS, COX-2 mRNA and protein expression. In vivo metastasis tests revealed that raspberry bamboo salt and bamboo salt were anti-cancer, whereas sea salt and solar salt were cancer-causing. The defence effect on AST, ALT, and LDH reduction was also implicated in the liver protective action of CCl4 injection on Rubus coreanus bamboo salt in soy sauce. iNOS, COX-2, TNF-, IL-1, and other anti-inflammatory actions were also seen. On raspberries bamboo salt, 9 times bamboo salt, and 3 times bamboo salt, the stomach protective effects of HCl ethanol were greater than those of sea salt and sun salt. Omeprazole and Rubus coreanu bamboo salt produced similar effects. The antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties of bamboo salt and Rubus coreanu bamboo salt, on the other hand, are superior to those of sea salt and sun salt, which must be validated on a regular basis.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Xin Zhao
Chongqing University of Education, China.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/AAEBS/article/view/1896

Probiotics - Isolated from Pickles (Fermented Vegetables) in Sichuan of China | Book Publisher International

 The most common probiotics are lactic acid bacteria, which are frequently employed in fermented foods, medication, feed, and beverages. Pickles are fermented vegetables cooked by common Chinese families in Sichuan region and Chongqing. Lactic acid bacteria are common in Sichuan pickles. By constructing disease models in experimental mice, the benefits of Lactobacillus isolated from Sichuan pickles on anti-constipation, antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, weight loss, and cancer prevention were detected in this monograph. Pathological examination, detection of serum indices, and mRNA and protein expression analyses all revealed that lactic acid bacteria isolated from Sichuan pickles had a wide range of biological activities. As can be observed, Sichuan pickles Lactobacillus is a type of probiotic resource that has to be developed and utilised further.

Author(s) Detailts

Xin Zhao
Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China and Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China and College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China and College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/PIPFVSC/issue/view/189

Management of Symptomatic Gall Stones in a Tertiary Care Health Facility in Southern Nigeria: A Recent Study | Chapter 9 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 Background: Gallstone disease is one of the most frequent digestive system diseases. The illness spans from silent to symptomatic stones, each with its own set of problems. The disease is exceedingly uncommon among black people, and it is unknown among Africa's Bantu and Masai tribes. Surgery is still the most effective treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease, as other options are usually ineffective. Previously, open surgery was the only choice for cholecystectomy, but with the development of minimally invasive procedures, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard of surgical care.

Although not widespread in this environment, there is a need to assess the age and sex prevalence, the types of stones that are common, the various modes of clinical presentation and disease spectrum, as well as the treatment modalities used in this institution.

Methods: This is a sixteen-year retrospective review of all cases handled in this institution. Using a proforma, the case files of these patients were downloaded and essential information collected. SPSS VERSION 22 was used to analyse the data.

Results: Gall stone illness is more common in women, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:5.6. The most prevalent age group was 41-50 years, and the most common manner of presentation was recurring right hypochondrial/epigastric discomfort. In contrast to what happens in Europe and North America, the most common stone type was mixed.

Conclusion: This study found that gall stone disease is mainly prevalent among females in this area, and that open surgery is still used to treat it.

Author(s) Details

Promise N. Wichendu
Department of Surgery, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

A. Dodiyi-Manuel
Department of Surgery, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Kelechi Ikonwa
Department of Surgery, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V7/article/view/1064

Bioactivity of Chinese Insect Tea | Book Publisher International

 Insect tea is a unique type of tea that differs from regular tea. Its production locations are primarily in rural areas of China inhabited by ethnic minorities, and its production mode is ethnically distinct. Kuding tea, Hawk tea, and fragrant leaves were obtained as fresh leaves from wild plants. Simple steaming reduced the astringency of the leaves, which were then dried in the sun. The leaves were then layer by layer placed in the bamboo basket. The leaves' scent enticed insects to deposit eggs in them. The larvae hatched after a period of time, ate the treated leaves, and then ejected the faeces. Insect tea items were created by treating insect dung particles. This book discusses the benefits of bug tea, including its ability to reduce gastritis, as well as its antioxidant and anticancer properties. The goal of this book is to promote and showcase insect tea as a valuable resource that isn't well known.

Author(s) Detalis

Xin Zhao
Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China and Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China and Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China and Department of Food Quality and Safety, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/BCIT/issue/view/99