Background: The visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a gender-specific mathematical model, which originates from observation in a healthy normal/overweight population of a linear relationship between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). VAI provides information of visceral adipose tissue function and insulin sensitivity.
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the relationship of VAI with
different metabolic phenotypes and cardio metabolic risk markers in
non-diabetic subjects.
Methods: A total of 183 health clinical subjects from 30 to 50
years of age, with normal weight and with obesity grade I were recruited.
Anthropometric measures were taken and quantified glucose, lipids, insulin,
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and adiponectin concentrations.
Unhealthy phenotype was defined according to the criteria; Visceral Adiposity
index (VAI) was calculated. To analyze the differences between VAI quartiles
and the metabolic variable, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test were used.
Furthermore, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the
association between VAI with insulin levels, the Homeostasis Model Assessment
of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and glucose, adjusted by sex and BMI.
Results: In the study group, four groups were found according to
their metabolic state, which includes MHNO (metabolically healthy non-obesity),
MUNO (Metabolically unhealthy non-obese subject), MUO (metabolically unhealthy
obese subject) and MHO (metabolically healthy obese). Among others, 40% were
MHO, they showed lower serum glucose, triglycerides, insulin, hs-CRP levels,
systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HOMA-IR than MUO. Metabolically
unhealthy non-obese subjects (MUNO) showed higher serum triglycerides, insulin
levels, HOMA-IR than the metabolically healthy non-obesity (MHNO) subjects.
MUNO and MUO subjects had higher VAI values than MHNO and MHO subjects. In a
logistic regression analysis using the cut-offs of VAI quartile 4, >2.25 in
women and >1.86 in men found a strong association with glucose, HOMA-IR and
adiponectin concentrations. In ROC analysis using these cut-off determined for
glucose concentrations >100 mg/dL, an area under the curve of 0.83 in men
and 0.71 in women; for HOMA-IR 0.78 only in men, and for adiponectin 0.69 in
men and 0.91 in women.
Conclusion: VAI estimates visceral fat distribution, and it is a
useful determinant of the phenotype change and substituted the necessity to
take high-cost imaging studies, thereby making the prediction much more
practical in daily clinical practice and population studies for the assessment
of cardiometabolic risk associated with visceral obesity. Therefore, VAI is a
useful indicator to evaluate the metabolic risk both of non-obese and obese
individuals.
Author
(s) Details
Monica I
Cardona-Alvarado
Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Science, Campus Leon,
University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.
Gabriela Lopez-Moreno
Division of Health Sciences and Engineering, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra,
University of Guanajuato, Celaya, Mexico.
Herlinda
Aguilar-Zavala
Division of Health Sciences and Engineering, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra,
University of Guanajuato, Celaya, Mexico.
Nicte FigueroaVega
Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Science, Campus Leon,
University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.
Elva Perez-Luque
Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Science, Campus Leon,
University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v9/4590
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