Climate-Smart Agriculture: Adaptive Strategies for Enhancing Resilience to Climate Variability | Chapter 5 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 10

Climate variability significantly impacts agriculture by disrupting traditional practices such as cropping, livestock rearing and fish farming. Subsistence farmers in impoverished regions, who heavily rely on natural resources, are of particular concern as they are especially vulnerable to intensified climate extremes, including droughts, floods and heatwaves. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the variability of climate in agriculture and the adaptive behaviour of farmers in response to climate change, synthesizing existing knowledge and examining measures for mitigating climate fluctuations. To achieve this, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using the Scopus database, covering the past ten years. A total of 177 articles were identified through a methodological application of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework. Vosviewer software was used to visualise and analyse the bibliometric data. This study hypothesizes that adaptive strategies, such as climate-smart agriculture and early warning systems, significantly reduce farmers’ vulnerability to climate change. Key findings indicate that practices like conservation tillage, agroforestry and other climate-resilient approaches enhance agricultural sustainability and resilience. The results highlight the urgent need for further investigation and policy incentives to encourage adaptive behaviour and provide food security in the presence of climatic variability. The use of technology and resource optimization in recent agricultural adaptation strategies in developed countries is also highlighted. Thus, the conclusion of these findings encourages the widespread uptake of climate-smart practices coupled with early warning mechanisms to reduce climatic risks effectively. Further investigation into the extension services related to early warning systems, climate modelling and remote sensing is needed to improve awareness of climatic variability.

 

Author (s) Details

 

A. Malaisamy
Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural College & Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

S. Rithika
Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

M. Raswanthkrishna
Department of Computer Science and Engineering (AI), Amrita University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

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