The Stolf impact penetrometer is a dynamic cone penetrometer that has been used to measure soil resistance since its introduction in 1982. In the original design, a centimeter-scale for measuring penetration depth was engraved on the penetration steel rod. The idea was to make the equipment more understandable for farmers by allowing direct readings on the penetration rod and avoiding the use of extra parts. The goal of this study was to incorporate a millimeter-scale ruler so that the operator could read the depth at eye level, avoiding crouching and improving reading accuracy. The use of the equipment and the procedure for resetting the depth reading (zero) were described and illustrated in detail. The resistance values and sampling time in a soil profile were compared using the original equipment with a rod reading and the proposed equipment with a ruler reading. A significant difference (t-test, 1% ) was discovered, resulting in an average of 21% less time spent on ruler readings. Aside from improving reading accuracy and decreasing sampling time, users preferred the new design for its increased comfort, which was eventually incorporated into the commercial model. A retrospective of the penetrometer's technical development is presented, and this study represents the first design modification, which has remained unchanged for 30 years.
Author (s) Details
Rubismar Stolf
Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (DRNPA), Center of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Brazil.
Jorge Hiroshi Murakami
Kamaq - Agricultural Machinery and Implements, Araras (SP), Brazil.
Miguel Angelo Maniero
Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (DRNPA), Center of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Brazil.
Marcio Roberto Soares
Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (DRNPA), Center of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Brazil.
Luiz Carlos Ferreira da Silva
Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection (DRNPA), Center of Agrarian Sciences (CCA), Brazil.
Luiz Fernando Carrocci
Kamaq - Agricultural Machinery and Implements, Araras (SP), Brazil
View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V5/article/view/1612
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