There is a definite need for conditional probability representations and methods that increase comprehension, simplify calculations, promote intuition, and encourage reasoning. In a wide range of scientific disciplines, such representations and instruments are desirable and useful, but their usefulness in medical contexts and applications is emphasized here, in order to address a clinical audience rather than a mathematical audience. We use a plethora of time-tested pedagogical representations or conditional probability methods, including: (a) Visualization of Venn diagrams or Karnaugh maps, (b) Reformulation as natural frequencies, (c) Entity interrelationships through Signal Flow Graphs, (d) Specification of certain problem formats, such as Trinomial Graphs format, and (e) Use of a pair of Karnaugh-map-like or complementary Karnaugh-maps Most of the new representations or instruments have well-known records of pedagogical benefits, but in the particular realm of conditional probability they are yet to be evaluated. Further evaluation of the novel representations or instruments proposed herein is needed. - of these is to be taught to a group of students, and the traditional representation must be used to teach a control group of students. Detailed statistical analysis of the findings is warranted. Earlier, similar inquiries were conducted, but they were on a small scale. The need arises, therefore, for an exploratory analysis that exhausts all suggested representations or instruments.
Author (s) DetailsRufaidah Ali Rushdi
Department of Pediatrics, Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Arab Republic of Egypt.
Ali Muhammad Rushdi
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Fayez Ahmed Talmees
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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