Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has become a well-known consequence of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite the high prevalence of SCA in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a scarcity of data on SCA-associated PH, and it receives little or no attention in regular patient care. In the early stages, pulmonary hypertension is usually asymptomatic, but it can cause dyspnea on exertion, hypoxemia, progressive worsening of pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and right heart failure if it is severe. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of PH in a group of adult SCA patients, as well as the risk variables that could lead to an early diagnosis of the condition. A total of 76 clinically stable, hydroxyurea-naive patients took part in this cross-sectional investigation. We gathered information on the patient's socioeconomic status and medical history. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to measure Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity (TRV), while spirometry and pulse oximetry were used to assess lung function. Complete blood counts, free plasma haemoglobin, serum urea, and creatinine were among the other tests performed. On Doppler echocardiography, twenty-five (32.9%) of study participants had elevated TRV (2.5m/s), which was indicative of elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure. There were significant associations between elevated TRV and steady-state haemoglobin (p 0.001), blood urea level (p = 0.030), chronic leg ulcers (p = 0.043), and oxygen saturation (p 0.001), suggesting that these may be identifiable and modifiable risk factors for selective echocardiography screening in a resource-limited setting.
Author (S) Details
Jane S. Afriyie-Mensah
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Yvonne A. Dei-Adomakoh
Department of Hematology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Audrey Forson
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Martin Adadey
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Thomas A. Ndanu
Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Joseph K. Acquaye
Department of Hematology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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