Skills for Success-A Study on Rural Women Empowerment to Increase the Entrepreneurial Skills| Chapter 7 | Business, Management and Economics - Research Progress Vol. 1

 

In India, 8 million women entrepreneurs are there and its proportion is more in Karnataka which is contributing to a greater extent towards rural development. A female entrepreneur is a person who takes on difficult roles to meet her personal needs and become economically independent. A country’s regional economic development is defined by its Entrepreneurial activities. They are the dominant determinants for job creation and uplifting the quality of life. Entrepreneurship, particularly women entrepreneurship is gaining greater significance across the globe and in India. With the rising economy, the number of women entrepreneurs is also increasing steadily. The definition of women entrepreneurship, in a larger sense, refers to women who take the risk and challenge to meet their personal needs and at the same time to become economically self-sufficient. The Present study focuses on empowering the rural women in the rural district of Karnataka. Located in the southwest region of Bengaluru, the geography encompasses four taluks with a population of 10.82 lakhs (Source: 2011 census). It is based on secondary data from books, journals, articles, websites and government reports. This study identified the status of women entrepreneurs in Ramanagara district and their valuable contribution to sustainable rural economic growth. The paper also focuses on the future scenario of women entrepreneurs and government initiatives to make them more invincible. This study reveals several strategies for empowering rural women.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Roopa Temkar V
Department of MBA, SJB Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India.

Suma D
VTU, India.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v1/1149

Witchcraft Accusations and Women’s Economic Empowerment in Rural Communities in Sierra Leone | Chapter 8 | Current Progress in Arts and Social Studies Research Vol. 3

 

The article examines the impact of witchcraft accusations on women's empowerment in rural areas of Sierra Leone, with Makeni Township being a case study. Witchcraft accusations, once a shared burden for both men and women, have increasingly targeted women and children in recent times. This alarming trend calls for a deeper understanding and heightened concern.

 

The study employs a survey method, which includes the administration of questionnaires, focus group discussions, formal interviews, and reviewing related literature. Witches are known to hold meetings at night, and in these meetings, they wear nothing except masks, sit around corpses, and sometimes have intercourse with dead women. Results indicate that older women are more prone to witchcraft accusations, and men who are often witch hunters mostly make these accusations. The paper also shows that older women are targeted mainly because of traditional or cultural conceptualizations, which direct witchcraft accusations to women only because that is how it is, poverty, and terminal illnesses. This study also shows that Witchcraft has a less positive impact on women and affects their chances of being empowered. Women who are accused of practicing witchcraft endure a great deal of cruel treatment, which includes social marginalization, public mockery, public shaming, and condemnation, and occasionally even death. It is noteworthy that charges of witchcraft are both a cause and an effect of the lack of economic empowerment for women in this region of the world, as the paper concludes that women's accusations of witchcraft practices are closely associated with their low socioeconomic standing. This underscores the urgent need for gender equality and eliminating such harmful practices. The paper proposes several solutions to address this issue, including community education and awareness campaigns, legal reforms to protect the rights of accused women, and economic empowerment programs for women in rural areas.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ibrahim Munu
Department of Sociology and Social Work, Njala University, Bo, Sierra Leone.

Mohamed Yusuf
Department of Peace and Development Studies, Njala University, Sierra Leone.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cpassr/v3/1414

 

Knowledge of Exclusive Breastfeeding and its Practice among Women in Academics in South-South Nigeria | Chapter 7 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 3

 

The present study sought to assess the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women employed in tertiary institutions in South-South, Nigeria. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is crucial for infant health, yet its practice among women in academics remains understudied. This cross-sectional study examines the knowledge and practice of EBF among women in academics in South-South, Nigeria, using a sample of 360 respondents. Findings indicate that 92.2% of the respondents have knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding and 61.5% practiced exclusive breastfeeding with 41% initiating breastfeeding within one hour of the birth of their babies.  Return to work was the most common reason for discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to enhance EBF awareness and practices among women in academics, potentially influencing maternal and child health policies and practices in similar contexts.

 

Author(s) Details

Benjamin O. Osaro
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Nnenna Nnadi
Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State Univ

 

Yoko Ikakita
Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

 

Nnenna Ali Emordi
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

 

 

 Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v3/1853

Women’s Role in Watershed Management | Chapter 1 | New Advances in Business, Management and Economics Vol. 7

In this study, the roles of women in watershed management in the Calbayog Pan-as Hayiban Protected Landscape (CPHPL) in Calbayog City are identified to add to the expanding scientific body of information regarding women's participation in watershed protection. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Scopus databases (for example, Science Direct). Data on Payment for Ecosystem Services in Calbayog City were used for willingness-to-pay analysis. A documentary review by the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) was conducted to highlight women’s participation in the watershed management and planning process. This study reveals that women are highly acknowledged and part of the planning process as representatives of their respective organisations. The decision of women to protect the watershed relies on the will of a political leader. On the other hand, women are hampered in their participation in watershed management because of the socio-cultural and institutional context. Moreover, from the WTP of women, it appears that the number of years of residency, age, bid amount offered, knowledge of watershed, and the perception that watershed is important in water supply are factors that affect their WTP.

 

Author (s) Details

Novlloyd Celeste
Northwest Samar State University, Calbayog City, Samar, Philippines.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nabme/v7/5122

A Review on the Concerns and Awareness Related to Menstrual Cycle in Women | Chapter 13 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 13

The shedding of the uterus lining due to no fertilization of the ovum leading to bleeding is known as menstruation.  As a woman plays a vital role in reproduction and other natural, social processes, it is necessary for her to take good care of herself and her body. This article delves into the intricate interplay between the menstrual cycle and various dimensions of female health. Investigating the mental, emotional, and social aspects of self-worth, the present review seeks to uncover the multifaceted nature of this biological phenomenon. Through an amalgamation of extensive literature review and empirical analysis, the study explores how hormonal fluctuations during menstruation contribute to physiological changes, potentially affecting energy levels, exercise routines, and dietary habits. It explores mental health concerns by investigating the potential links between hormonal fluctuations and cognitive processes. Emotional well-being is scrutinized, considering the influence on mood, stress levels, and overall emotional stability. Social dynamics are examined to understand how menses impact interpersonal relations, communication patterns, and societal attitudes and perceptions. Psychological dimensions are explored, seeking insights into the broader implications of menstruation on a female's sense of self and identity. Additionally, it scrutinizes implications on daily activities such as work, education, and leisure pursuits. The physical implications of menstruation have been analysed, incorporating nutritional measures to assess the impact of energy levels, dietary habits, and overall physical health. Moreover, by integrating nutritive measures, its purpose is to offer practical insights that may inform holistic approaches to female health, fostering awareness and support systems tailored to the diverse needs of women as they navigate the challenges and opportunities associated with menstruation. It has been found that both mental state and well-being and menstrual variations are interrelated. The changes in hormones during periods can affect how a female thinks and feels mentally or physically. Additionally, Menstrual difficulties can significantly impact their curricular and co-curricular achievements, parameters related to attendance and societal lifestyle. Again, menstruation can impact the body’s nutrient needs. The blood loss during menstruation leads to decreased iron levels, resulting in iron deficiency and anaemia if not properly addressed through dietary intake or supplementation.  In conclusion, consuming a well-balanced diet with adequate nutrients can help alleviate PMS symptoms. An anti-inflammatory diet can help manage endometriosis pain and inflammation. Including foods rich in antioxidants such as berries, leafy greens, and turmeric, along with omega-3 fatty acids from fish, walnuts, and flaxseeds, can be beneficial. Avoiding processed meats, excessive red meat, and high-fat dairy products is recommended.

 

Author (s) Details

Kumar R
Department of Psychology, GCW Hisar, India.

 

Kumar S
Department of Psychology, GC-11 Chandigarh, India.

 

Akanksha
Department of Psychology, GC Hisar, India.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v13/5221

Demystifying the Female Chronic Pelvic Pain | Chapter 7 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 10

Chronic pelvic pain is one of the debilitating conditions in women that causes pain in the abdominopelvic region and affects their reproductive years of life till the postmenopausal period. It causes many difficulties in women’s lives, from work life to their personal lives, affecting them negatively. The causes of CPP can be any pathological changes in the body, such as changes in reproductive organs, musculoskeletal changes, neurological changes, or changes in genitourinary organs. Treating the underlying condition resolves the CPP; however, sometimes it takes a long time to get resolved when the neuro-musculoskeletal system is involved. There are various diagnostic evaluation methods available that help in finding out the cause of CPP and managing it. For the management of CPP, several treatment options are available, such as physical therapy, medication, and surgical procedures. However, it has been discovered that physiotherapy plays a significant role in managing CPP and preventing its recurrence.

 

Author (s) Details

Rutuben Bhavsar
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

 

Kritagya Malik|
Abhinav Bindra Targeting Center X Artemis Hospitals, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v10/5298

Polarity Analysis: Effectiveness in Managing Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections? | Chapter 11 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 8

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent infections worldwide, particularly affecting women and often leading to significant morbidity and substantial antibiotic use, which contributes to the alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance. Despite the progress made in healthcare, UTIs continue to pose a significant challenge today. Homeopathy, which focuses on treating the patient holistically by considering the individual's overall health, constitutional type, and emotional well-being, employs various tools to enhance the precision of remedy selection. One such tool is Polarity Analysis, developed by Dr. Heiner Frei, which modernizes Bönninghausen’s traditional approach by using Bayesian statistical principles to refine remedy selection based on polar symptoms. This method addresses the concept of contraindicating symptoms, where a remedy's polar symptoms contradict the patient's symptoms, rendering the remedy unsuitable.

 

Aim: This review and case series article investigates the utility of Polarity Analysis (PA) software in the homeopathic treatment of uncomplicated UTIs in women, emphasizing its role in selecting individualized remedies through polar symptom analysis and its potential benefits in managing these infections. By exploring the application of PA software in homeopathic practice, this article aims to demonstrate its effectiveness in managing uncomplicated UTIs and its potential to offer a reliable alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy, ultimately contributing to a reduction in antimicrobial resistance. Also, this article seeks to understand the significance of Dr. Heiner Frei's Polarity Analysis (PA) in improving the accuracy of homeopathic prescriptions

 

Methodology: One of the significant challenges in homeopathy is the subjectivity involved in remedy selection, often leading to inconsistent clinical outcomes, particularly for less experienced practitioners. PA software introduces objectivity by utilizing statistical methods to analyze and compare symptoms, thereby providing a clear, reproducible framework for remedy selection. This objectivity helps improve consistency in treatment, which is crucial for better clinical outcomes, especially in recurrent UTI cases. In this scenario, patients were examined and diagnosed. Then patients were asked to fill out the UTI_SIQ questionnaires, which served.  Next, the patient filled out a Checklist (available at www.heinerfrei.ch resources) to record the modalities and polar symptoms they have observed. Finally, the most suitable remedy is determined through repertorization using the PA software.

 

Results: The effectiveness of the Homoeopathic treatment is measured through the UTI-SIQ8 scale, which provides a comprehensive evaluation of symptom severity, including urgency, dysuria, frequency, and lower abdominal pain, as well as their impact on daily activities. Outcomes are classified into three categories: Significant improvement/ clinical relief (sum score ≤ 8), Moderate improvement (sum score < 12), and clinical failure (sum score > 12). The traditional challenges of subjectivity in homeopathic prescriptions were addressed effectively through the structured and statistically backed framework of PA, enhancing precision in identifying suitable remedies.

 

Conclusion: The PA software appeared to enhance the accuracy of remedy selection, leading to notable reductions in UTI symptoms and high patient satisfaction, indicating its potential efficacy in homeopathic practice. However, the limited sample size necessitates caution in generalizing these findings. Future research should include larger sample sizes, longer follow-up periods, and comparative studies with conventional treatments to validate the efficacy of PA software. Additionally, exploring its application in managing other medical conditions could further establish its role in clinical practice.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Divya K Parmar
Parul Institute of Homoeopathic Research, Parul University, Vadodara, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v8/5002

Investigating the Impact of Selenium Deficiency on Thyroid Function in Iodine-Deficient New Zealand Women | Chapter 8 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

This narrative review aimed to present the current situation in New Zealand women who are mostly selenium and iodine deficient across their lifespans. The prevalence of thyroid disease in New Zealand women is about 5% and increased to 7%-14% in women over 50 years of age. The importance of selenium is widely recognised. Selenium plays a crucial role in metabolic, immune-endocrine, and cellular homeostasis, owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Changes in selenium status may affect immune response, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The biological actions of selenium are mostly mediated through the expression of at least 30 selenoproteins, coded by 25 genes with the 21st amino acid selenocysteine at their active centre. Selenoenzymes, selenoprotein P and glutathione peroxidase are present in human plasma and can be used as a biomarker of selenium nutritional status. The thyroid gland has a high tissue concentration of the essential micronutrient selenium (Se), more than the liver, skeletal muscles or any other organ or tissue. Thyroid dysfunction is a significant health issue in New Zealand, with women being 4.5 times more likely than men to have thyroid disorders.  For the North Island, but not for the South Island, selenium intakes have improved after increased importation of high-Se Australian and other imported wheat, because the soil in New Zealand is poor in selenium. According to the most recent 2008/09 New Zealand Nutrition Survey (NZANS), selenium intakes increased from 1997 to 2008/09. The 2023 study indicated that overall plasma selenium concentrations were higher in those living in the Nort Island (93µg/L) than in those (85.4µg/L) in the South Island.   Plasma selenium concentrations around 95 µg/L are sufficient to saturate glutathione peroxidase activity although more selenium is required to saturate selenoprotein P than to optimise GPx. In New Zealand women low plasma levels of selenium intake and low levels in the food supply have been observed in women of childbearing age and postmenopausal. Inadequate selenium status was noted in postpartum women, breastfeeding women and their infants. This situation somehow creates a vicious cycle of selenium deficiency. The finding of low plasma selenium concentrations in women who were also iodine deficient was an indicator of high thyroid dysfunction which might present itself with overt hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism and thyroid autoimmune disorder. Current studies noted that most healthy elderly women had selenium intakes marginal to iodine intakes. Due to a lack of oestrogen, they are put at risk of compromised thyroid function. Selenium supplementation with selenomethionine (SeMet) or selenium selenite might improve selenium deficiency and slow thyroid destruction by thyroid autoantibodies. Hormone replacement therapy and antidepressant and antianxiety medication cannot decrease the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Ljiljana Jowitt
Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, The School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, AUT University, 90 Akoranga Drive, North Shore Campus, AZ Building Level 4, P.O. Box 92006, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v7/2659

Contours of Crisis: Investigating the Contribution of Water Scarcity and the 'Water Wives' Phenomenon to the Gender Disparities in Maharashtra, India | Chapter 1 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 3

 

A recent report from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) highlights the disproportionate vulnerability of women to environmental challenges. This disparity is particularly evident in Maharashtra, India, where severe water scarcity exacerbates hardships faced by women.

The scarcity of water has led communities to extreme measures, including the dehumanization and commodification of women. The practice of men marrying multiple women for water procurement underscores the desperate response to environmental challenges, intensifying gender inequalities and raising concerns about basic human rights and dignity.

The present study focuses on a case study from Maharashtra, where water scarcity affects over 19,000 villages. In Denganmal village, Shahpura Taluka, Thane District, villagers endure a gruelling 12-hour effort to obtain water, highlighting the severity of the situation.

As a resilience mechanism, local communities have resorted to multiple marriages, believing that more women in the household enhances the ability to procure drinking water. These women, termed "Water Wives," symbolize a socio-environmental issue.

The emergence of "Water Wives" in Maharashtra illustrates the complex interplay between environmental challenges, gender disparities, and societal responses. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing targeted interventions and policies addressing both the immediate water scarcity crisis and broader gender inequality issues.

This study delves into the multifaceted issue of water scarcity concerning women in the region, focusing on unravelling the intricacies of the processes of 'dehumanization' and 'commodification' experienced by women. By understanding these circumstances, the research aims to illuminate the root causes leading to the current state of affairs.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Pahul Kaur (Senior Research Fellow)
Department of Sociology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v3/2831G

Improved Biomass Stove on Health of Rural Families | Chapter 4 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 2

Inefficient combustion of solid fuels emits high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and other harmful emissions. A strong association has been shown between household air pollution (HAP) and acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children, and chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and lung cancer in adults. The magnitude of these adverse health impacts, household air pollution from burning solid fuels in primitive cook stoves is the primary environmental cause of death. The 2014 Global Burden of Disease Report (GBDR) found household air pollution to be the third most deadly global risk factor, accounting for about 4.3 million deaths annually (mainly due to cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses), and the second greatest risk factor in India (Improved biomass cook stove, 2014). Exploratory and experimentalStudy was conducted during the year 2016-17 Dharwad and Vijayapur districts of Karnataka state. Keeping this in view a study was conducted in two villages namely Timmapur Village of Dharwad district and Bhaganager village of Vijayapur district. 60 households were randomly selected from each village. Interview schedule was used. More than 90 percent of the respondents in both the villages were illiterate and majority of the respondents had breathing problems. A highly significant difference was found between improved biomass stove and traditional stove and also among women of both villages. This indicates that the benefits were more effective while using improved biomass stove as compared to traditional stove.

Author(s) Details:

Renuka S. Salunke,
Department of Family Resource Management, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India.

Swati Vannur,
Department of Family Resource Management, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India.

S. S. Dolli,
Department of Family Resource Management, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAEGES-V2/article/view/14209

An Existential Odyssey: A Study of Women Characters in Manju Kapur’s Novels | Book Publisher International

This book analyses the predicament of women characters in the novels of Manju Kapur from an existentialist’s perspective. In this attempt, the author has examined existentialist themes such as freedom, choice, guilt, alienation anxiety and despair. In this study, an attempt has been made to explain the key philosophical ideas of some of the important existential philosophers like Sartre, Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Marcel and Camus. The main ideas of these philosophers find an expression in the novels of Manju Kapur. Like the existentialist, Kapur sees man/woman as a free agent who is free to choose his/her action but this freedom is tied with responsibility.
 
The existentialists highlight man’s (no gender bias implied here) existence, his freedom, choice and responsibility in every walk of life. They underlined the facticity’s of life such as anxiety, despair, freedom, and choice. Thy encouraged men/women to face the truth of their lives to realize their individualities. According to the existentialist thinkers, the problems of the modern society can be addressed by the decisions, and choices that man/woman makes as a free and responsible individual.
 
Kapur’s novels mark an important phase in the growth of existential fiction in India. She is essentially an existentialist writer and deals with existential themes. She explores the human predicament and motives responsible for woman’s action. Existential themes such as freedom, choice, guilt, alienation, anxiety, and despair are highlighted in her novels. All her protagonists start their journey with the freedom of choice. They search for new meaning in this quest for self-discovery.
 
This book deals with the works of Manju Kapur from an existentialist perspective. This work is limited to five novels of Kapur, namely, Difficult Daughters, A Married Woman, Home, Immigrant and Custody. The book titled “The Existentialist Predicament of Women Characters in Manju Kapur’s Novels – A Critical Study” critically analyses existentialist issues such as freedom of choice, bad faith, guilt, alienation, anxiety and despair in the novels of Kapur. It is an attempt to study the existentialist predicament of women characters in the novels of Kapur.
 
This book consists of six chapters. In the introductory chapter, the significance of Kapur among Indian women novelists has been highlighted. Chapter two titled “Existentialism: A Philosophical – Literary Perspective” has presented the origin and development of the philosophy of existentialism. The chapter has discussed key philosophical concepts related to existentialism and has also mapped the connection between existentialism and literature.
 
Chapter three titled “Kapur’s Women Characters’ Freedom of Choice and Bad Faith” focuses on the freedom of choice and Bad faith in the novels of Kapur. Chapter four titled “Kapur’s Women Characters’ Guilt and Alienation” concentrates on the themes of guilt and alienation with special reference to the novels of Kapur. Chapter five, titled “Kapur’s Women Characters’ Anxiety and Despair, deals with anxiety and despair in the novels of Kapur. The final chapter is in the form of summing up of the major findings of the study.

Author(s) Details:

Dr. D. N. P. Prema Ponmani,
Department of English, Kristu Jayanti College, K. Narayanapura, Bangalore -560077, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/AEOASWCMKN/article/view/14272

Developing and Standardizing the Scale to Measure the Attitude of Homemakers towards the Management of Household Waste | Chapter 4 | Contemporary Research in Business, Management and Economics Vol. 1

The present study primarily focuses on developing and standardizing the scale to measure the attitude of homemakers towards the management of household waste. The problem of waste management has been increasing globally day by day and the waste from the houses is one of the dynamic issues in the current scenario. The rapid change in lifestyles has made waste management one of the major issues universally. Inappropriate waste management could be a threat to the environment as well as living beings. Waste is not generated by any one entity but, industries, businesses and households are equally responsible for it. Effective waste management begins at the source, and in order to do this, people need to have the proper mindset on sensible trash management. The homemaker has a big influence on how waste is managed in the house, but what matters more is how they feel about it. A homemaker with a positive outlook can aid in effective waste management. The scale consisted of two parts: (i) Segregation of household waste and (ii) Disposal of household waste. Initially, the scale consisted of 48 statements with a .80 reliability but after eliminating 6 indistinct statements the reliability of the attitude scale increased to .85. So finally, the standardized scale to measure the attitude of the homemakers towards the management of household waste was constructed with 42 statements and .85 reliability. It is expected that the findings of the current study may help in all upcoming studies to measure the attitude of the respondents with a more reliable and standardized scale.

Author(s) Details:

Kalpana Srivastava,
Department of Family Resource Management, S.M. Patel College of Home Science, Vallabh Vidya Nagar, Gujarat, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CRBME-V1/article/view/13489

Bacteriological Quality in Relation to Sanitation and Hygiene Practices of Tribal Children and Women in Bhadradri Kothagudem District, India | Chapter 7 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 2

The present study tried to deeply explore the underlying reasons for poor sanitation and hygiene practices of the tribal children and women in the selected tribal areas in India.  Sanitation and hygiene are essential for good health and well - being, survival and development of any individual. Tribal women and children may not have proper awareness on the importance of sanitation. Some of the reasons which hinder the development of their awareness levels is due to various issues like lack of education, improper access to basic facilities like water, toilets etc. This is an exploratory study, conducted on 30 tribal women and 30 tribal children residing in the district of Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana state, India. The data was collected using an interview questionnaire. Most of the countries are facing challenges in providing minimum sanitation facilities to its people as there are certain factors like population explosion and resource depletion which hinder the provision process. Due to this, people are becoming vulnerable to risks in terms of their health, nutrition and basic survival. In India, there are many interior areas where the tribal population is dominant. Most of them do not follow or maintain basic sanitation and hygiene practices due to various issues like lack of education; gender biased disparities; improper access to basic facilities like water, toilets etc., which effect their well - being, nutritional and health status. The study tried to explore and compare the sanitation, hygiene and nutritional practices of tribal children and women in the district of Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana State, India.  Some non - Government organizations (NGOs) also can come forward in helping the children and women to understand the importance and benefits of maintaining good sanitation and hygienic practices; and also, on how to improve their nutritional status.

Author(s) Details:

V. Vijaya Lakshmi,
Department of RMCS, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, 500004, India.

M. Milcah Paul,
Department of RMCS, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, 500004, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RUDHR-V2/article/view/13507

Subjugation: Portraying Women Characters in Afghan Society and Indian Subcontinent as Delineated in the Novels of Khalid Hosseini and Arundhati Roy | Chapter 8 | Progress in Language, Literature and Education Research Vol. 5

Subjugation or subaltern means a lower-ranking or an inferior individual. This paper is a serious attempt to portray the exploitation and discrimination of women in the patriarchal social systems of the Afghan society and the Indian subcontinent as delineated in the novels of Khalid Hosseini and Arundhati Roy. In both the novels: A Thousand Splendid Suns and The God of Small Things, the women share the common plight of suffering, where the male folk treat them as mere objects and subject them to extreme oppression. A Thousand Splendid Suns describes the struggle of women to escape insubordination imposed upon them by the society and culture of Afghanistan. The God of Small Things highlights gender oppression through the examination of the marital and inter-gender relations of Ammu, Mammachi, Baby Kochamma and Rahel. All these female characters are resourceful, and smart and belong to the affluent class but they are deprived of fully realizing their capabilities. The novelists rightfully depict the story of these women, who show signs of resistance and try to thwart the male order but their struggle is overwhelmed by the ideology of the male-dominated social systems.

Author(s) Details:

Nanda Silima,
Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PLLER-V5/article/view/13452

A Study on Intimate Partner Violence among HIV Positive Women at Kericho County Referral Hospital Comprehensive Care Centre in Kericho, Kenya | Chapter 14 | Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 The basic goal concerning this study was to examine by means of what HIV positive women accompanying the Kericho County Referral Hospital Comprehensive Care Centre respond to household abuse. Available data display that 55% of women and 20% of men endure HIV infection knowledge intimate partner intensity (IPV) and that 24% of daughters experience abuse by their partners subsequently disclosing their HIV serostatus. IPV increases the risk of HIV purchase and often interferes accompanying victims' date in and adherence to HIV care. A descriptive cross-localized research design was utilized. Between May and July 2013, 230 HIV positive girls over the age of 15 were systematically sampled. To get qualitative and all-inclusive data, interview schedules and focus group conversations were employed. To decide frequencies and ideas, content analysis was acted, and SPSS 20.0 and Microsoft Excel were used to enter and evaluate the dossier. Intimate partner intensity (IPV) was experienced by 156 of the 230 daughters questioned. According to the survey, material abuse (57.8%) was the most prevalent type of IPV, while sex crime (4.9%) was the least prevailing. Furthermore, 25.6% of the women consulted reported an increase in violence subsequently being diagnosed accompanying HIV. The majority of persecutes individuals (45.5%) abandoned and talked to a friend (21.2%) in answer to IPV. As a result, HIV and IPV are syndemic concerns that must be addressed orderly for an HIV program to be profitable. IPV was shown to have a solid impact on HIV positive women accompanying Kericho District Hospital (KDH). There is a pressing necessity for IPV screening and administration techniques expected included into the HIV prevention program at KDH, in addition to IPV training for strength practitioners. The CCC's fitness treatment bear include trauma-cognizant care.

Author(s) Details:

Dorcas Bii,
University of Kabianga, P.O. Box 2030 – 20200, Kericho, Kenya.

Simon Kiprono Ruttoh,
Moi University, P.O. Box 4606-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.

Paul Kizito,
University of Kabianga, P.O. Box 2030 – 20200, Kericho, Kenya.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NRAMMS-V6/article/view/12152

Bandhan Microfinance: A Catalyst for Empowerment of Rural Women Case Study from Tinsukia District of Assam, India | Chapter 5 | Current Topics on Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 8

 The present study has existed carried out accompanying the objective of studying the socio-economic rank of the respondents and for resolving the impact of Bandhan Microfinance on empowerment of country women after availing the microfinance duties. Economic   independence   grant permission   be   one   of   the significant mainstays for paving the habit for women authorization.  However, it is not very easy for the   rural   daughters   to   get   services   at   hand. Borrowing loan from bank is a complex process for the girls due to many factors containing lack of collateral and formalities of many paper everything. The study was conducted in Tinsukia region of Assam with 108 respondents. Margherita Sub-division, was intentionally selected from what or which place two Bandhan banking wholes i.e., Banking Unit, Digboi and Banking Unit, Margherita was included. Results of the study granted that large allotment (71.29%) respondents belonged to medium socio-economic level. The judgments also told that there was important improvement in economic, cognitive, personal and socio-educational empowerment of wives after availing loan from Bandhan Microfinance.  Because of the credit facilities presented to them, the most of respondents were energetically involved in various revenue-generating projects. It can be pronounced that Bandhan microfinance has played a crucial act in empowering the wives because they were able to undertake a variety of pay-generating projects that aided in their empowerment. When equating the level of empowerment of country women before and following in position or time using Bandhan Microfinance services in the study extent, a significant impact was noticed.

Author(s) Details:

Inameeka Baruah,

Department of Extension and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13, Assam, India.

Mayuri Bora,

Department of Extension and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13, Assam, India.

Manoshi Baruah Deka,

Department of Extension and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13, Assam, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTBEF-V8/article/view/11331

'Is We Carnival Culture; is We Caribbean Thing; is We Life!': Demystifying Gendered Relations and the Taboo of Sex and HIV and AIDS among West Indian Women | Chapter 7 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 3

 This study covers the detracting and interconnected functions of several socio-educational issues in the Caribbean: Patriarchy, sex commercialisation, fathers having sexuality with brothers, violence, and conscientious practices - all providing to HIV and AIDS risk. By doing so, the item promotes knowledge of the harsh realisms of Caribbean women's intercourse lives and how Caribbean breeding disproportionately exposes ruling class to HIV and AIDS risk. The report concludes accompanying a need for more research into the crucial socio-enlightening factors that unfavorably influence male-female relationships and their effect on HIV and AIDS risk in the Caribbean.

Author(s) Details:

Shivaughn Hem-Lee-Forsyth,
St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V3/article/view/10901

Sexual Abuse against Female Gender: Four-years Report of Three Reception Centers in Dakar | Chapter 8 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Establishing the epidemiological profile of sexual abuse was the goal of this investigation. Sexual abuse is a public health problem because of its magnitude, its severity on the victims and their vulnerability linked to human behavior. The study had two parts and spanned four years (2009–2012). One, quantitative, was based on the use of all victim records from three reception centers. The other, qualitative, focused on interviews of professionals involved in the care of victims.

There were 78 cases in total. The victims, with 14(±7) years on average age, were mostly educated in French (72%), from Dakar area (85%), students (61%), under parental supervision (55.1%), and less than 4 siblings (59%). The alleged perpetrators, whose average age is 29 (±11) years, were predominantly acquaintances (51%), parents (36%) for the victims, and of unspecified profession (69.23%). The sexual abuse, incestuous in 18% of cases, was more frequently linked to rape (68%) committed at the alleged perpetrators’ (37.2%) and followed by behavioural disorder (47%), pregnancy (15%), alcoholism and/or running away (12%). According to professionals, the victims are typically minors from disadvantaged areas. The victim's post-traumatic treatment is delayed as a result of the victim's judicial concern, which is often the first reaction of parents.  The management should focus on socio-economic development; Information, education and communication, favour prevention and accessibility of functional structures with competent and motivated professionals, facilitate the treatment of residual cases.

Author(s) Details:

K. Niang,
Public Health and Social Medicine, Gaston Berger University (UGB), Saint-Louis, Senegal.

A. Gueye,
Nutrition and Environment, Division of School Canteens, Ministry of Education, Dakar, Senegal.

P. Ndiaye,
Public Health and Social Medicine, Gaston Berger University (UGB), Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V2/article/view/9959

Epidemiological Studies of Polyparasitism and Associated Risk Factors in Women in Igede Land | Chapter 3 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

 The present study review the epidemiological perspectives of polyparasitism in Women of Reproductive age in Igede land of Benue State, Nigeria. Polyparasitism is still one of ultimate pressing community health issues, with one-after second of the world's population thinking to be polluted. Furthermore, women are of particular concern because of their neuter roles, which is impressionable because infirmity and/or the illness of family appendages generally show greater burdens for poor mothers than poor men.A cross-divided study design was adopted for this study. Fresh seat, urine and blood samples were composed from women in Igede Land of Benue State and processed for within parasites, excretion parasites and malaria deadbeat respectively from September 2019 to August, 2021 using orderly random sampling method. The overall rate of polyparasitism is this study was 3.50% while a prevalence of 33.50% was recorded for distinct parasitic infection. The main parasite was Plasmodium spp. (52.16%) while the slightest was Strongyloides stercoralis (1.44%). Parasite combination involving Schistosoma haematobium and Malaria bootlicker recorded chief prevalence (36.11%) while least predominance was recorded for coinfection with Hookworm, Entamoeba histolytica and Asccaris lumbricoides (8.33%). Also, joined factors of expelling and water source were significant (P<0.05) while gist consumption and sanitation were not meaningful P>0.05). Women who resort to rainwater recorded topmost prevalence rates (10.60%) while the least predominance was recorded with women who use well additional sources of water (1.70%). For meat devouring, women the one consume pock ultimate recorded the least predominance of infection (2.10%) while those the one consume goat core recorded the capital prevalence of infection (4.60%). Also, daughters who use other resources of sanitary disposition recorded least predominance of infection with polyparasites while those the one utilize litter pits recorded the highest predominance of infection (4.80%).Polyparasitism among daughters in Igedeland of Benue State is relatively reduced with malaria barnacle being the most dominant groupie. It is suggested that the girls of Igede land be educated on the health risks guide polyparasitism. In addition, the government bear provide free insecticide-medicated nets and other antihelminth drugs to infected daughters in order to help humble the burden of polyparasitism in the study area.

Author(s) Details:

P. O. Uweh,
Department of Biology, Akawe Torkula Polytechnic, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

E. A. Omudu,
Department of Biological Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V1/article/view/9620

Hysterosalpingographic Indications and Findings among Women Presenting to Radiology Department of a Tertiary Hospital in South-South Nigeria: A Retrospective Study| Chapter 6 | Perspective of Recent Advances in Medical Research Vol. 8

 Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is individual of the depict approaches used to judge females accompanying unproductiveness illnesses. Infertility is not just referring to a specifically known amount's question; in the usual African environment, the relatives is likewise complicated, so it is fault-finding to recognize likely causes and offer solutions place attainable.This study is proposed at recording the clues and judgments among mothers the one had  hysterosalpingographic studies completed activity on ruling class at a after second ward in South-South Nigeria.A backward-looking study was carried out at a after second ward's Radiology and Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments. The study contained 305 wives's dossier in total.  The age of the study group was middle from two points 21 to 48years accompanying a mean age of 35.21±5.48years. Majority of the group of same status was 31-35years (n=96, 31.5%). Secondary unproductiveness (n=216, 70.8%) was ultimate coarse indication for HSG. Normal HSG was visualized in 84(27.5%) of the inmates and so forth had individual study of plants or the additional. Commonest uterine pathology is uterine fibroids (n=100, 32.8%) and mutual tubal obstruction (n=47, 20.8%) is ultimate frequent tubal study of plants. There was a meaningful union between age and tubal obstruction (P=0.007).HSG is still a valuable finish for analyzing wives in gynaecological hospitals. This study raise that tubal occlusion is ultimate prevailing study of plants, and subordinate unproductiveness is ultimate common clue for HSG.

Author(s) Details:

Vivian Ndidi Akagbue,
Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Esther Ijeoma Nonye-Enyidah,
Rivers State University Teaching Hospital/Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Gbenga Jacob Aderibigbe,
University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PRAMR-V8/article/view/9340