Determination of FAM72 Family Proteins as Poor Prognostic Markers in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma | Chapter 7 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 3

 

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of the Family with Sequence Similarity 72 member (FAM72) gene family in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) using a bioinformatic approach.

 

Background: The Family with Sequence Similarity 72 (FAM72) gene family, specific to neural stem cells, has emerged as a potential biomarker in various cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme, adrenocortical carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma.

 

Methods: We conducted an analysis of FAM72 expression levels in ccRCC tissues and normal kidney tissues using TCGA data. We performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to assess the prognostic value of FAM72 expression. Furthermore, to find enriched biological processes connected to FAM72 expression, Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used. We also examined the degree of methylation and immune cell infiltration in patients with ccRCC.

 

Results: Our bioinformatic analysis revealed that FAM72 expression levels were significantly higher in ccRCC tissues than in normal kidney tissues. High expression of FAM72 was associated with poor prognosis in ccRCC patients and was found to be an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC. GO and GSEA analyses indicated that FAM72 was enriched in biological processes related to mitosis, cell cycle, and DNA metabolism. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between FAM72 and immune cell infiltration and the level of methylation in ccRCC patients.

 

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that FAM72 could serve as an unfavorable prognostic molecular marker for ccRCC. A comprehensive understanding of FAM72 could provide crucial insights into tumor progression and prognosis. The results not only contribute to the understanding of FAM72's role in ccRCC but also pave the way for future research aimed at exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting the FAM72 gene family. The development of targeted therapies that modulate FAM72 expression or function could offer a novel approach to improving treatment outcomes for ccRCC patients.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Hui Gou

Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou-646000, China.

Ping Chen

Department of Pharmacy, Suining Central Hospital, Suining-629000, China.

Wenbing Wu

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou-646000, China.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v3/8471E

Retinoblastoma Situation in Burkina Faso over Ten Years: A Cross-Sectional Study | Chapter 6| Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 12

Background: Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. The incidence of retinoblastoma appears to be higher in developing countries. In Burkina Faso, there is only one retinoblastoma treatment center located in the capital. Nowadays, the treatment of retinoblastoma has benefited from the contribution of scientific progress.

Objective: The aim was to take stock of the situation of retinoblastoma in the pediatric oncology department from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. To assess the situation over a 10-year period, the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary characteristics of children with retinoblastoma were studied.

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over a 10-year period, based on records of patients admitted to pediatric oncology department of CHU-YO. The study population consisted of all patients aged 0 - 14 years with retinoblastoma admitted to the pediatric oncology department. Data were analysed using CS Pro version 7.2 software. Categorical variables were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test at the 5% significance level. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Operational definitions were used for loss to follow-up, consultation and diagnosis delays.

Results: A total of 204 cases were collected in 10 years, i.e. an annual average of 20.4 cases/year. The mean age at diagnosis was 37.5 months for unilateral cases and 26.4 months for bilateral cases. Male predominance was noted, with a sex ratio of 1.31. The majority of patients came from disadvantaged backgrounds (72% farming fathers and 91% housewives). Clinically, leukocoria and exophthalmos were the main presenting features. The average time to consultation was long (8.73 months) and unilateral localization was predominantly unilateral at 77%. In terms of treatment, 102 patients were eligible for curative treatment and 80 for palliative treatment. The prognosis was poor, with 41% death and numerous cases of loss to follow-up (18%). Overall survival was estimated at 32%. The factor associated with the lethality of retinoblastoma was the extension of the tumor to other organs.

Conclusion: Recognition of the early clinical signs of retinoblastoma can anticipate the occurrence of this cancer. Health professionals should be encouraged to perform the Buckner test every time they come into contact with children aged 0 to 5, and the public should be encouraged to examine their children’s eyes. The study also recommended that parents need to be informed more about the need for regular and permanent monitoring for conclusive results of care.

 

Author (s) Details

Amadou Ouattara
Ophthalmology Department, Regional University Hospital of Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya, Burkina Faso.

 

Anicet Corneille Beremwidougou
Regional University Hospital of Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya, Burkina Faso.

 

Paté Sankara
National Center for the Fight against Blindness, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Mariam Traore/Dolo
University Hospital of Sourô Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

 

Tierinyê Armand Meda
Nouna District Hospital, Nouna, Burkina Faso.

 

Windinmanégdé Pierre Djiguimde
University Hospital of Bogodogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Rolande Kabore
University Hospital of Yalgado, Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

 

Chantal Gabrielle Bouda
University Hospital of Yalgado, Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

 

Gertrude Augustine Meda/Hien
University Hospital of Yalgado, Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

 

Jerome Sanou
University Hospital of Yalgado, Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

 

Jean Wenceslas Diallo
University Hospital of Sourô Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

 

Ahgbatouhabeba Zabsonre/Ahnoux
University Hospital of Yalgado, Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v12/2755

Role of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Institutional Study | Chapter 3 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 9

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the expression of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in different grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and determine the association between TAM expression and clinical parameters such as local recurrence and metastasis.

Methodology: The study was conducted on fifty tumor biopsy samples of OSCC in T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 stages. Additionally, ten biopsy specimens of normal oral mucosa, collected during minor oral surgical procedures with patient consent, were included as controls. TAM infiltration was evaluated using Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: The findings revealed that TAMs, particularly those of the M2 phenotype, were associated with local recurrence, metastasis, and survival in OSCC cases. Higher TAM expression was correlated with shorter survival rates and increased aggressiveness of the tumor. A statistically significant correlation was observed between TAM expression and TNM staging (p < 0.0001). TAM infiltration was found to increase from well-differentiated to poorly differentiated OSCC, indicating a potential role in tumor progression. Moreover, a significant difference in TAM expression was noted between OSCC tissues and normal oral mucosa (p < 0.002).

Conclusion: The study highlights the significant role of TAMs in OSCC progression and their potential as prognostic markers. Since metastases are a principal cause of mortality in cancer patients, understanding TAM-mediated tumor invasion and metastasis is crucial for developing new therapeutic targets. Future research should employ advanced diagnostic methods, such as specific IHC markers (e.g., CD68), with larger sample sizes to validate these findings.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sreepreeti Champatyray
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

Saurjya Ranjan Das
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

Dhiren Kumar Panda
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v9/2475

Facial Teratoma in the Newborn: A Preventable Disease? | Chapter 3 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 3

 This case study specifies the anatomical features of facial teratoma and considers the interests of foeto-pathology review. A very rare germinal tumor in newborns is called a facial teratoma. Prenatal diagnosis is frequently made using MRIs and ultrasounds. The size and location of the lesion (in the digestive, respiratory, and ocular tracts) have a major impact on the prognosis of this tumor. A multidisciplinary examination is needed to ensure the newborn’s survival. Pre-operative conditioning is needed to avoid complications and carcinogenic risks.

We report a male baby, prematurely born at 28 weeks of amenorrhea (WA) dead at hour 23. Physical examination reveals a frontal mass on the left side of the face plus facial dysmorphia. Dissection shows hyperplasia of the lungs, hypertrophied liver and splenomegaly. The diagnosis of congenital teratoma of the face is based on histological investigation, which shows neural tissue connected to cartilage and hair areas.

Congenital teratoma of the face must be diagnosed in the womb in order for obstetricians, neonatologists, surgeons, and anesthesiologists to provide multidisciplinary care. The diagnosis of these rare cases of teratomas is possible in antenatal by ultrasound. The prognosis depends essentially on the histological nature, the site and the size of the tumor. Generally favorable after surgical treatment and multidisciplinary care; but can be severe with neonatal death in other cases.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Radhouane Achour
Department of Emergency, Center of Maternity and Neonatology of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia.

 

Nadia Ben Jamaa
Department of Fetopathology, Center of Maternity and Neonatology of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v3/144

Determination of FAM72 Family Proteins as Poor Prognostic Markers in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma | Chapter 7 | Recent Developments in Chemistry and Biochemistry Research Vol. 3

 

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of the Family with Sequence Similarity 72 member (FAM72) gene family in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) using a bioinformatic approach.

Background: The Family with Sequence Similarity 72 (FAM72) gene family, specific to neural stem cells, has emerged as a potential biomarker in various cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme, adrenocortical carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of FAM72 expression levels in ccRCC tissues and normal kidney tissues using TCGA data. We performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to assess the prognostic value of FAM72 expression. Furthermore, to find enriched biological processes connected to FAM72 expression, Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used. We also examined the degree of methylation and immune cell infiltration in patients with ccRCC.

Results: Our bioinformatic analysis revealed that FAM72 expression levels were significantly higher in ccRCC tissues than in normal kidney tissues. High expression of FAM72 was associated with poor prognosis in ccRCC patients and was found to be an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC. GO and GSEA analyses indicated that FAM72 was enriched in biological processes related to mitosis, cell cycle, and DNA metabolism. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between FAM72 and immune cell infiltration and the level of methylation in ccRCC patients.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that FAM72 could serve as an unfavorable prognostic molecular marker for ccRCC. A comprehensive understanding of FAM72 could provide crucial insights into tumor progression and prognosis. The results not only contribute to the understanding of FAM72's role in ccRCC but also pave the way for future research aimed at exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting the FAM72 gene family. The development of targeted therapies that modulate FAM72 expression or function could offer a novel approach to improving treatment outcomes for ccRCC patients.

Author(s) Details:

Hui Gou,
Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou-646000, China.

Ping Chen
Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou-646000, China.

Wenbing Wu
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou-646000, China.

Please see the link here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rdcbr/v3/8471E

Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature | Chapter 9 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG) is a rare glioneuronal tumor characterized by prominent collagen-rich stroma, spindle cell glial component, and small ganglion cells (WHO grade I). The tumor is more frequently identified in the supratentorial region of patients aged less than 1 year with clinical features of macrocephaly or seizures. DIGs are solid-cystic tumors with sharp demarcation from the brain and/or attached to the dura and are associated with a favorable prognosis after complete surgical resection. In this article, we report a case of DIG in a 4-year-old girl presenting with headache, absence seizures, and decreased muscle tone. No clinical signs of recurrence were observed during 8 months of follow-up.

Author(s) Details:

Eduardo Cambruzzi,
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and Santa Casa Hospital Complex, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and Conceição Hospital Group, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and Institute of Cardiology, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and Unisinos, Faculty of Medicine, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Mateus Scarabelot Medeiros,
Conceição Hospital Group, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RUDHR-V1/article/view/13219

Dilemmas in Grading Epidermoid Carcinoma: An Overview | Chapter 9 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 1

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can be preceded by the appearance of lesions which have the potential either to develop into cancer or signal the development of cancer in the oral cavity. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the 8th most common cancer worldwide, with a predisposition for low-income populations, and greater prevalence in older men, 90% being in the 45-year-age group. Histologic grading has been used as a prognostic factor and for clinical evaluation of OSCC for the past several decades. Simultaneously, there exists ongoing controversy surrounding the predictive significance of various grading classifications. Consequently, our article undertakes a comprehensive examination of diverse grading systems for oral squamous cell carcinoma and assesses their prognostic implications.

Author(s) Details:

Varun Rastogi,
Department of Oral Pathology, UCMS, Bhairahawa, Nepal.

Nisha Maddheshiya,
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, IMS, Faculty of Dental Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, India.

Nitin Sangwan,
Department of Periodontology, UCMS, Bhairahawa, Nepal.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V1/article/view/13020

Circulating Tumor Cells: A New Avenue for Clinical Management of Cervical Cancer | Chapter 6 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Despite successful vaccination and cytological screening protocols, metastatic cervical cancer (CaCx) remains a significant health concern for women in low-resource countries. This is primarily due to the fact that the disease is often detected at advanced stages. The prognosis of metastatic CaCx, regardless of the geographical distribution, continues to be poor despite improvements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment techniques. Unlike other malignancies, definite malignancy-specific markers for CaCx progression that could predict the treatment outcome do not exist. Recent developments suggest that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) possess stem cell properties and are important candidates to monitor the metastatic process. They offer a real-time opportunity to identify the stage of carcinogenic progression and subsequently classify patients accordingly. The potential of CTCs to predict minimum residual disease and chances of recurrence renders them as potential prognostic candidate. In the past decade, a number of studies have established the clinical correlation of CTCs with prognosis and diagnosis of various malignancies. A few studies based on detection and analysis of CTCs in CaCx have offered valuable information about the likelihood of local or distant relapses and progression-free survival. The present chapter provides a brief overview of biology of CTCs and existing label-dependent and label-free methods for their detection. The article emphasizes recent advancements and the development of CTCs as a clinico-pathological factor in CaCx. Lastly, it discusses the successes, challenges, and future prospects associated with CTCs for the clinical management of metastatic CaCx.

Author(s) Details:

Divya Janjua,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Apoorva Chaudhary,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Nikita Aggarwal,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Arun Chhokar,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India and Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.

Joni Yadav,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Tanya Tripathi,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Udit Joshi,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Alok Chandra Bharti,
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12724

Process Approach to the Organization of Environmental Monitoring of the Environment in Metallurgical Production | Chapter 6 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 9

The Purpose of the branch is the development of an persuasive system of technical environmental monitoring of sources of loud noises and the adoption of up-to-the-minute preventive and curing measures to prevent extravagance emissions and discharges of contaminants. An analysis of approaches to the organization and conduct of industrialized environmental monitoring was completed activity and a process approach was proposed for arranging, accounting and preparation and conducting projects for the preparation and monitoring of incidental pollutants, as in some production process. A block drawing of the process of organizing industrialized environmental monitoring has happened developed. The entire PEM process exists of a series of pertain procedures or steps, place the output of individual procedure is the input of a after procedure. The recommendation of the PEM process is to guarantee the requirements of lawmaking and regulatory documents and worldwide standards] for continuous listening of environmental parts. The proposed process approach to the institution of PEM provides for the control of the exercise of procedures, that consists in continuous reasoning and evaluation of the influence and efficiency of calculations and definitions. The regulation of the PEM process determines for the elimination of discrepancies that arise during the process (through curing actions) and the bettering of the process. The proposed FEM method based on the process approach of systematizing and conducting mechanical environmental monitoring is implemented in the preservation of natural resources system in accordance with ISO 14001-96 at the Aksu Ferroalloy Plant - a branch of TNC Kazchrome JSC, for that the enterprise standard STP 2 / 30-2004 "Monitoring surroundings. Data registration.

Author(s) Details:

I. K. Ibraev,
NJSC 'Karaganda Industrial University', 101004, Temirtau, Republic Avenue 30, Kazakhstan.

O. T. Ibraeva,
NJSC 'Karaganda Industrial University', 101004, Temirtau, Republic Avenue 30, Kazakhstan.

A. K. Svidersky,
Innovative Eurasian University, Pavlodar, Lomov Str. 45, Kazakhstan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V9/article/view/11627

Prognostic Validity of DNA Karyometry in Prostate Cancer Patients under Active Surveillance| Chapter 11 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol.10

 The choice of dynamic reconnaissance for patients with confined prostate disease relies upon a low Gleason score (GS) of 6. By the by, around 30% of patients face clinical movement in five years or less. Our goal was to demonstrate the better prognostic legitimacy of DNA karyometry than foresee non-movement of prostate malignant growth patients under dynamic observation.

 

Our speculation is that robotized estimations of the DNA content of prostate disease cells produce a DNA grade of danger that is considerably more exact than the emotional GS in foreseeing non-movement of prostate malignant growths. Atomic DNA estimations of disease tissue in the remaining biopsy material of 80 patients from the HAROW (chemicals, dynamic reconnaissance, radiation, activity, vigilant pausing) study were taken. Still up in the air by neighborhood pathologists and a reference pathologist. A 4.1 year follow-up included rehashed prostate-explicit antigen (PSA) esteems, the number and GSs of positive biopsies, assurance of the clinical stage, and in 19 cases the consequences of prostatectomies.

Reproducibility of the GSs was 55% without separation between stages 6 and 7a and 45% with separation between stages 6 and 7a. Movement happened in 37.5% of patients in the event that an overhaul of any consideration basis was utilized as proof and in 18.8% of patients if by some stroke of good luck PSA multiplying time (DT) of <36 months or upstaging to arrange pT3 was utilized as proof. The commonness of DNA grade 1 was 40%. Responsiveness, explicitness, and negative prescient worth of nearby pathologists' GSs, the reference pathologist's GSs, and DNA karyometry were 0%, 95.0%, and 74.0%; 20.0%, 86.7%, and 76.5%; and 85.0%, 51.0%, and 90.6% in the event that an overhaul of any consideration standard was utilized as proof of movement and 5.9%, 96.8%, and 79.2%; 23.5%, 87.3%, and 80.9%; and 100 percent, 50.8%, and 100 percent if by some stroke of good luck a PSA DT of <36 months as well as upstaging to organize pT3 were utilized. In this way, contrasted with emotional Gleason scoring, objective computerized DNA karyometry can significantly more reliably preclude the progression of prostate malignancies under dynamic reconnaissance (AS) in four years or less.

For the abstract tiny GS yet 100 percent for true DNA karyometry, the possibility barring dispassionately resolved progression of an untreated, restricted prostate malignant growth under AS was just 80.9 %. Thusly, this moderate, harmless restorative methodology is fundamentally safer for patients with a DNA grade of threat of 1.

Author(s) Details:

Alfred H. Böcking,
Institute of Cytopathology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

David Friedrich,
Institute of Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

Christof Börgermann,
Department of Urology, City-Hospital, Düren, Germany.

Stefan Biesterfeld,
Section of Cytopathology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Rainer Engers,
Center of Pathology, Germany.

Josef Dietz,
Bundesverband Prostatakrebs Selbsthilfe, Stuttgart, Germany.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V10/article/view/8075

Abdominal Pregnancy: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Aspects | Chapter 15 | Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 1

A uncommon and possibly hazardous form of ectopic pregnancy is abdominal pregnancy (AP) (EPs). AP is not very widespread in industrialised nations. The case of a haemorrhagic abdominal pregnancy complicated by hypovolemic shock at 15 weeks of amenorrhea is presented by the authors, and the outcome was successful. This chapter aims to outline the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic features of the condition.

Author(s) Details:

Armand Kamga Talom,

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.

Florent Fouelifack Ymele,

Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon and Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Yaounde, Cameroon.

Madye Ngo Dingom,

Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon.

Jeanne Fouedjio,

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon and Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMS-V1/article/view/7334

Basics of Human Resource Management | Book Publisher International

Technology, machinery, projects, and execution are the main topics of engineering education. It concentrates the instrumentation of an engineered task into a plan and design in the form of a project. It is essentially and largely concerned with tools and equipment. Techniques, equipment, and measurements are used, but the human aspect is ignored. a part of it. The title of this book refers to the type, topic, and purpose of the work. Orientation of various types of industries and their respective human resource requirements The goal of the book is to provide readers with an introduction to the human condition. With object-oriented management, you can manage resources, their recruitment, deployment, and utility. The research This book will assist engineering graduates in determining their status and qualifications. appropriateness for various sorts of companies based on various human resource requirements resource. At the same time, the goal of this work is to present a new perspective on human nature. At the time of Industry 4.0, resource management was a hot topic.

Author (s) Details

Anoop Kumar Tiwari
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/BHRM/article/view/6494

Outcome Prediction in Elderly Trauma victims Based on Anatomical (ISS, NISS), Physiological (RTS) and Combined (TRISS) Trauma Scoring Systems | Chapter 01 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 15

 This study looks into the accuracy of the Injury Severity Score (ISS), New Injury Severity Score (NISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in predicting mortality in geriatric trauma cases. The research was set up as a prospective observational study. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 elderly trauma patients were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Over the course of 18 months, he was admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Each patient's information was gathered on The ISS, NISS, RTS, and TRISS are all calculated on the day of admission. Results: The patients' average age was 66.35 years. The most common type of injury is a sprain. A traffic accident accounted for 94.0 percent of the total, with a 17.0 percent mortality rate. The accuracy of prediction of Using receiver operator analysis, the ISS, NISS, RTS, and TRISS for mortality prediction were evaluated. ROC curves are a type of characteristic curve. The most accurate cut-off points for predicting death in elderly trauma patients A score of 91.6 was obtained using the TRISS system (sensitivity 97 percent, specificity 88 percent, and area under the ROC curve). 0.972), and the NISS cut-off point was 17 (91 percent, 93 percent, 0.970); for the ISS, the optimum cut-off point was 17 (91 percent, 93 percent, 0.970). The point was 15 (91 percent, 89 percent, 0.963), while RTS was 7.108. (97 percent ,80 percent ,0.947). There were statistical findings. differences in the area under the ROC curve between ISS, NISS, RTS, and TRISS (p0.0001). Conclusion: The TRISS was the best predictor of success when compared to the ISS, NISS, and RTS. In geriatric trauma patients, mortality is high.

Author (s) Details

Krishna Moorthy
Department of Emergency Medicine, Sri Devraj URS Medical College, Sri Devraj URS Academy of Higher Education and Research Center, Kolar, Karnataka-563101, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V15/article/view/3861

Auto Transplantation – A Viable Option of Saving Teeth | Chapter 8 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 Tooth auto transplanting is a method that has been used to save teeth for a long time. Third molars are the most common donor teeth. A study of the current literature was carried out, with a focus on the use of the third molar as a donor tooth. Appropriate patient selection is critical to the technique's success. Other prognostic factors also contribute to improved healing and the overall success of the method. Auto transplanting appears to be a practical and cost-effective procedure, according to the existing literature. However, there is insufficient literature on the use of third molars as donor teeth for auto transplantation, and there are currently no evidence-based standards or protocols in place. This chapter examines the use of autografts to save teeth, as well as their indications, which are backed by a clinical case. It also goes through the protocols that the authors use for wisdom tooth autotransplantation.

Author (S) Details

Viresh Chopra

Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Oman.

Harneet Chopra

Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Oman.

Gurdeep Singh

Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Oman.

Fugen Dagli Comert

Oman Dental College, Oman.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V3/article/view/4155

Determining the Relative Difficulty of English Writings by Fuzzy Reasoning and Its Application to Selecting Teaching Materials | Chapter 1 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 15

This study looks into the accuracy of the Injury Severity Score (ISS), New Injury Severity Score (NISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in predicting mortality in geriatric trauma cases.

The research was set up as a prospective observational study.

Materials and Methods: Over an 18-month period, 200 elderly trauma patients hospitalised to a tertiary care hospital participated in a prospective observational study. The ISS, NISS, RTS, and TRISS were calculated using data collected from each patient on the day of admission.

Results: The patients' average age was 66.35 years. A traffic accident was the most common cause of injury (94.0 percent), with a fatality rate of 17.0 percent. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the predicted accuracies of the ISS, NISS, RTS, and TRISS for mortality prediction. The best cut-off point for predicting mortality in elderly trauma patients using the TRISS system was 91.6 (sensitivity 97 percent, specificity 88 percent, area under ROC curve 0.972); similarly, the best cut-off point for the NISS was 17 (91 percent, 93 percent, 0.970); the best cut-off point for the ISS was 15 (91 percent, 89 percent, 0.963); and the best cut-off point for the RTS was 7.108. (97 percent ,80 percent ,0.947). In terms of area under the ROC curve, there were statistical differences between ISS, NISS, RTS, and TRISS (p0.0001).

Conclusion: The TRISS was the best predictor of mortality in senior trauma patients when compared to the ISS, NISS, and RTS.

Author (S) Details

Krishna Moorthy

Department of Emergency Medicine, Sri Devraj URS Medical College, Sri Devraj URS Academy of Higher Education and Research Center, Kolar, Karnataka-563101, India..

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V15/article/view/3861

A Review on Brain Metastases Prognostic Scoring Systems | Chapter 9 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 1

 The most prevalent intracranial tumours are brain metastases (BMs), and about 25% of all cancer patients are identified with this poor prognostic illness condition at some point throughout their therapy. The primary prevailing treatment options normally include palliative radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted medicines, immunotherapy, optimum supportive care, and surgery in select patients, depending on the possible patient's general well-being status. Previous research has shown that prognostic scoring methods can be used to group BM patients into specific prognostic groups based on realistic combinations of several patient- and tumor-related characteristics. Such frameworks could be effective in accurately predicting survival outcomes and selecting the best-fit treatment option. The goal of this study was to look at the benefits and drawbacks of the widely used on-the-spot prognostic grading systems for BMs, as well as their clinical use.

Author (s) Details

Erkan Topkan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Baskent University Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey.

Ahmet Kucuk
Mersin City Education and Research Hospital, Radiation Oncology Clinics, Mersin, Turkey.

Duygu Sezen
Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Sukran Senyurek
Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Eyub Yasar Aydemir
Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Nulifer Kilic Durankus
Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Yasemin Bolukbasi
Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Berrin Pehlivan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ugur Selek
Department of Radiation Oncology, Koc University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V1/article/view/2788

Effectiveness of Selected Interventions on Reduction of Holistic Symptoms and Prognosis of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer in a Selected Hospital, Kanya Kumari District | Chapter 6 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 17

 This study looked into the impact of a few therapies on patients with head and neck cancer's overall symptoms and prognosis. With random sampling technique, a quasi experimental pre-test post-test design was used (random allotment of weeks: Group I-patient admitted in 1st and 3rdweek and Group II patient admitted in 2ndand 4th week). A total of 200 patients were included in the study's sample (100 patients in Group I and 100 patients in Group II). Both groups of patients received interventions: Group I received counselling (day 1 and day 7), financial support, and oral care for 6 days (1-6 days), and Group II received counselling (day 1 and day 7). (day 1 and day 7), 6 days of cash assistance, oral care, and music therapy (1-6 days). Both groups had a pretest on the first day and a posttest on the seventh day. Data was gathered utilising a structured questionnaire and an interview schedule to analyse socio-demographic and clinical information. Check for physiological, psychological, and spiritual symptoms with this 20-item symptom checklist. To determine the severity of pain, use the universal pain evaluation scale. Tool for evaluating sleep, blood pressure, and pulse rate, as well as other physiological parameters. To assess the quality of life, a modified University of Washington quality of life questionnaire with 20 divisions was created. The standardised radiation mucositis scale is used to determine the severity of the ulcer. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis. Group II received music therapy and experienced a significant reduction in physiological symptoms (Mean score on day 7 is 11.20 and paired ‘t' test 20.638, P value 0.001) and psychological symptoms (Mean score on day 7 is 13.82 and paired ‘t'test 14.296, P value 0.001) compared to Group I (Mean score on day 7 is 13.82 and paired ‘t'test 14.296, P value 0.001). (Group II Mean score on day 7 is 3.32 and Group I Mean score on day 7 is 6.49, F test 167.395, P value 0.001). Oral care combined with music therapy had an impact on oral mucositis (on day 1, 62 percent of Group II participants had ulceration, whereas no one had ulceration on day 7). The patients in Group II had a longer average mean sleep duration (Mean score on day 1 is 4.13, day 7 is 4.41) than those in Group I. (Mean score on day 1 is 4.41 and on day 7 is 7.02). This indicated that music treatment increased sleep duration in Group II patients. Patients in Group 1 (day 1: 26.6, day 7: 29.44) and Group 2 (day 1: 29.44, day 7: 51.74), F test 16.48, P value 0.001. It reveals that music therapy had a greater impact on patients in Group II's quality of life than patients in Group I. The ANCOVA F value for Group I (Day 1 7.76 and Day 7 6.28), Group II (Day 1 6.28 and Day 7 2.51) is 1098, P value 0.001). This demonstrated the efficacy of music therapy in lowering pain. As a result, the study found that music therapy, in addition to counselling, financial support, and oral care, considerably reduced holistic symptoms, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pain, and oral mucositis, as well as greatly increased sleep length and quality of life.

Author (S) Details

Santhi Appavu
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Christian College of Nursing, Neyyoor, The Tamilnadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, India.

S. Kalavathi
Rani Meyyammai College of Nursing, Annamalai University, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V17/article/view/2609

Research on the Prognostic Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Renal Cell Carcinoma | Chapter 8 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 Renal cell carcinoma is the most deadly type of urological cancer. 60% to 70% of RCCs are localised instances for which nephrectomy is the gold standard treatment. At the time of diagnosis, 20% of cases are progressed. Due to their chemo- and radio-resistance, the treatment plan for such individuals remains inadequate. In renal malignancies, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor is a significant modulator of angiogenesis. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 is produced when the von Hippel-Lindau gene is inactivated. Following this, VEGF-A levels in the cancer tissue skyrocket. This promotes distant metastasis, uncontrolled development, and apoptosis resistance, resulting in tumour creation. As a result, targeting VEGF may be useful in the therapy of RCC.

Methods and Materials: A total of 150 tissue blocks from histopathologically confirmed RCC patients were used in this study. The ethical clearance was provided by the Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed University) Ethics Committee. The Biotin Streptavidin Immunoperoxidase technique was used to examine VEGF. The scoring for Q has been completed.

Statistical Analysis: The Chi square test and Fischer Exact test were used to evaluate the relationship between VEGF expression in tumour cells and histology, grade, and stage. The statistical package SPSS (version 20.0) was used. P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant.

The goal of this study was to look at the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Renal Cell Carcinoma cases and see if it might be used as a biomarker. Results: In the tumour location, 96.6 percent of RCC cases were VEGF positive, although cells in the nearby normal tissue area showed poor staining. In RCC, tumour angiogenesis has been found to be a major predictor of prognosis.

Conclusion: VEGF inhibition can normalise permeability, increase host immunity, and increase access to therapies like chemotherapy.

Author(s) Details

Deepika Chandrasekaran
Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.

R. Padmavathi
Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.

Sandhya Sundaram
Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.

N. Kathiresan
Department of Surgical Oncology, Apollo Speciality Hospital, Chennai, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V7/article/view/1063