Role of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Institutional Study | Chapter 3 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 9

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the expression of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in different grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and determine the association between TAM expression and clinical parameters such as local recurrence and metastasis.

Methodology: The study was conducted on fifty tumor biopsy samples of OSCC in T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 stages. Additionally, ten biopsy specimens of normal oral mucosa, collected during minor oral surgical procedures with patient consent, were included as controls. TAM infiltration was evaluated using Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: The findings revealed that TAMs, particularly those of the M2 phenotype, were associated with local recurrence, metastasis, and survival in OSCC cases. Higher TAM expression was correlated with shorter survival rates and increased aggressiveness of the tumor. A statistically significant correlation was observed between TAM expression and TNM staging (p < 0.0001). TAM infiltration was found to increase from well-differentiated to poorly differentiated OSCC, indicating a potential role in tumor progression. Moreover, a significant difference in TAM expression was noted between OSCC tissues and normal oral mucosa (p < 0.002).

Conclusion: The study highlights the significant role of TAMs in OSCC progression and their potential as prognostic markers. Since metastases are a principal cause of mortality in cancer patients, understanding TAM-mediated tumor invasion and metastasis is crucial for developing new therapeutic targets. Future research should employ advanced diagnostic methods, such as specific IHC markers (e.g., CD68), with larger sample sizes to validate these findings.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sreepreeti Champatyray
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

Saurjya Ranjan Das
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

Dhiren Kumar Panda
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v9/2475

A Case Report of Advanced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Chapter 03 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 Introduction: Oral cancer is a condition that is becoming more common as people become older, with the average age of diagnosis being around 60 years. It is the world's sixth most prevalent cancer, with a wide geographic spread. In India, there is a tendency toward increased oral cancer incidence and delayed presentation, with around 50% of patients presenting at stage III or IV, with the lower socioeconomic strata of society playing a key role.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old man complained of a quickly growing ulcer in his jaw. On extraoral inspection, a hard nodular swelling with orocutaneous perforation was evident, whereas an ulcero-infiltrative, indurated lesion was present on intraoral examination. After radiographic inspection, the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathopathological investigation.

Conclusion: Despite advances in diagnostic and treatment procedures, age-standardized mortality rates for oral cancer remain stable. With an emphasis on clinical characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma, this article recounts a case of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma that occurred at a young age.

Author(S) Details

Suwarna Dangore-Khasbage
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, India.

Rahul Bhowate
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, India.

Neha Agrawal
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IDMMR-V7/article/view/5758