Influence of Smart Timing and Low Tunnel Covering in Enhancing Off-Season Cowpea Yield and Profitability in the Bara Tract of South Gujarat, India | Chapter 4 | Agricultural Sciences: Techniques and Innovations Vol. 5

 

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is one of the well-known plants belonging to Fabaceae. Off-season cultivation of cowpea offers lucrative market opportunities due to higher price premiums during lean supply periods. However, it faces climatic constraints such as suboptimal winter temperatures, fluctuating humidity and pest pressure, which adversely affect germination, flowering and yield. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of smart planting time and low tunnel covering techniques on the off-season yield and profitability of cowpea cultivation. A field experiment was conducted during the spring (rabi) seasons of 2022–23 and 2023–24 at the Agricultural Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Tanchha. The experiment was laid out in a Split-Plot Design with three replications. The main plot treatments consisted of two glazing (covering) materials for low tunnels: UV stabilised plastic film (50 µ), biodegradable plastic and an open field (control). The sub-plot treatments comprised five sowing times: 3rd week of November, 4th week of November, 1st week of December, 2nd week of December and 3rd week of December. The cowpea variety AVCP-1 was used, sown at a spacing of 45 cm × 15 cm. Results indicated that both glazing material and sowing time significantly influenced yield, while their interaction effects had non-significant effects. Biodegradable plastic low tunnels recorded the highest pooled (collective) yield (2.80 kg plot⁻¹), whereas the open field condition produced the lowest (1.85 kg plot⁻¹). Among sowing times, the fourth week of November resulted in the highest pooled (collective) yield (2.87 kg plot⁻¹) compared to the third week of December (1.99 kg plot⁻¹). Economic analysis revealed that the combination of biodegradable plastic low tunnel and sowing in the fourth week of November achieved the highest net income (₹ 2,94,501 ha⁻¹), while the lowest was recorded under the open field with the third week of December sowing (₹ 66,505 ha⁻¹). These results confirm that biodegradable plastic low tunnels combined with timely sowing in late November can substantially enhance both yield and profitability of off-season cowpea under low tunnel conditions. Hence, the strategic integration of microclimate-modifying structures with optimally timed sowing is a proven approach to enhancing yield stability and profitability across diverse agro-climatic zones.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ankitkumar Gadhiya
Agricultural Research Station, NAU, Tanchha, India.

 

D. R. Bhanderi
Department of Vegetable Science, ASPEE College of Horticulture, NAU, Navsari, India.

 

Y. N. Tandel
Department of Fruit Science, ASPEE College of Horticulture, NAU, Navsari, India.

 

P. M. Sankhla
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, NAU, Bharuch, India.

 

Priyanka Patel
Polytechnic in Horticulture, NAU, Navsari, India.

 

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/asti/v5/6484

 

Assessing the Impact of Crop Growth Stages and Management Practices on Soil Water Content at Different Soil Depths under Dryland Conditions | Chapter 4 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

Soil and water conservation is one of the cardinal principles of land management in rainfed areas with considerable potential for increased productivity. Soil water availability is controlled by the matric potential at which the water is held. Soil water loss through evaporation plays a role in low crop productivity and this is due to poor cropping systems and soil surface coverage. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cropping system, crop growth stages and location on soil water content. The study was carried out at three locations in the North-West province of South Africa, which were Potchefstroom, Taung and Rustenburg during the 2011/12 and 2012/13 planting seasons. The experimental design was a factorial experiment laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The experiment consisted of five cropping systems, which were monocropping cowpea, monocropping maize, cowpea followed by maize in rotation, maize followed by cowpea in rotation and intercropping maize-cowpea. The three crop growth stages compared in this study were before tasselling/flowering, during tasselling/pod formation and during physiological maturity of maize and cowpea. The monthly mean temperature and rainfall data for Potchefstroom, Taung and Rustenburg for the duration of the experimental period were analysed. The soil was sampled for the 0-0.15, 0.15-0.3, 0.3-0.6 and 0.6-0.9 m depth increments and soil water content was determined using the Gravimetric method. Analysis of variance was performed using GenStat 15th edition (2012). The crop growth stage before tasselling/flowering in maize/cowpea had significantly (P < 0.05) higher water content of 10.2, 10.8, 12.5 and 13.3% at the depth of 0-0.15, 0.15-0.3, 0.3-0.6 and 0.6-0.9 m respectively. Soil collected at Rustenburg and Potchefstroom had significantly (P < 0.05) higher water content of 13.5 and 10.2; 15.9 and 10.9; 18.3 and 12.8; 18.4 and 14.5% at the depths of 0-0.15, 0.15-0.3, 0.3-0.6 and 0.6-0.9 m respectively. Monocropping cowpea plots had significantly (P < 0.05) higher water content of 12.4% than other cropping systems at the soil depth of 0.3-0.6 m. Monocropping plots of cowpea had the ability to hold soil water and this depends on the type of cowpea cultivar and canopy cover. The stage before tasselling/flowering of maize-cowpea (V10/Vn) was found to have high soil water content. Soil water content differs across locations due to different soil physical properties. In other words, soil water content is location-dependent. The production of crops such as cereals and legumes in this study is recommended to be in the area with an average clay percentage.

 

Author (s) Details

E. T. Sebetha
Crop Science Department, School of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, South Africa.

A. T. Modi
Crop Science Department, School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v4/1677

Efficacy of Selected Plant Materials for the Control of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on Stored Cowpea Seeds: A Review | Chapter 4 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5

Effect of Coffee senna (Cassia occidentalis), Shea butter (Vittallaria paradoxa), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Cashew (Anacardium occidentale (L)), Pipper guineense Schum, compared with Actellic dust (Pirimiphos methyl) on the control of cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) under prevailing laboratory conditions were reviewed. The review showed that, at three days post-treatment, A. indica, and P. guineense  caused 93.3% and 90%; adult mortality of C. maculatus at a rate of 0.8 g /20 g of cowpea seeds which was comparable with pirimiphos methyl that recorded 100% adult mortality at the same exposure period. However, at seven days post application, A. indica, P. guineense  and pirimiphos methyl powders caused 100% mortality of adult bruchid at all tested concentrations. Similarly, the mixture of C. Occidentalis and V. paradoxa leaf powders in the ratios of 50%:50% applied at the rate of 2.5.5.0, 7.5 and 10.0w/w into 20g of cowpea seeds caused bruchid mortality at different time intervals with the highest mortality (100%) observed on the treated seed with the leaf powders combination applied at 7.5 and 10.0%w/w concentrations 24hours after treatment and was similar to what was recorded on seed treated with Pirimiphos methyl. Cashew kernel oil extract completely prevented infestation and damage of cowpea seeds for a period of three months with the steam distillate being the most toxic of all the extracts tested. The review clearly revealed the potentials of A. indica and P. guineense  seeds powders and the mixed powders of leaves of C. occidentalis and V. paradoxa and cashew kernel oil as plant-derived grain protectants against C. maculatus and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for the protection of stored cowpeas against the bruchid.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Kashere M. A.A
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal College of Horticulture, P.M.B 108, Dadin Kowa, Gombe State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v5/1181

Allelopathic Effect of Root and Leaf Lechates of Selected Tree Species on the Growth of Pulses | Chapter 6 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

The present experiment was carried out study the effect of teak, eucalyptus and casuarina tree leaf and root leachates on the growth of green gram, black gram, chickpea and cowpea. Results were affected significantly by tested parameters. There were both stimulatory and inhibitory effects were seen on the crop growth by the tree leachates. The inhibitory effect of leachates was greater during the early stages of crop growth (15 DAS) and in later stages, the effect was reduced. And some of the parameters show stimulatory effects at later stages. 

 

Author (s) Details

Mahantesh M. Nekar
Animal Husbandry Polytechnic, Kunnur-581193, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v9/4382

Evaluating the Growth and Yield Variability of Selected Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Cultivars Infected with Cowpea Aphid-borne Mosaic Virus and Southern Bean Mosaic Virus | Chapter 1 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 9

Cowpea is susceptible to a complex of insect pests and diseases and they attack the crop from vegetative stage to storage, which forms part of the most important impediments to its profitable production. Virus diseases are the most damaging diseases of cowpea and represent a significant proportion of losses regarding the potential value of the crop in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was, therefore, conducted to determine the resistance of selected cowpea cultivars to single and mixed infections of CABMV and SBMV and to ascertain the effects that these two viruses have on the selected cowpea cultivars in single and mixed infections. Eight cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) cultivars were evaluated for Cowpea Aphid-Borne Mosaic Virus (CABMV), Southern Bean Mosaic Virus (SBMV), CABMV+SBMV, and SBMV+CABMV resistance under greenhouse conditions at the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology Minna, Nigeria in 2016 (lat.9^o40ʹN; long 6^o30ʹE at an altitude of 220 m.a.s.l). Virus-infected plants were evaluated independently using a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. In single infections, cowpea seedlings were inoculated at 10 days after sowing (DAS), while in mixed infections the second virus inoculation was performed at 21 DAS. Disease incidence, symptom severity, plant growth and yield characters were recorded. Disease severity was evaluated based on a visual scale of 1-5. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test was used for mean separation. Results showed that one hundred percent infection was obtained regardless of the cultivar. The single and double virus infections reported in this study had significant and different effects on the eight cowpea cultivars evaluated which can be attributed to the different susceptibility levels of the cultivars to the respective viruses. High disease severity with a symptom score of 4.0 was recorded for all the cowpea cultivars infected with CABMV alone and CABMV+SBMV, while moderate resistance with a symptom score of 3.0 was recorded only in cultivars IT09K-231-1 and IT10K-973-1 to SBMV, and in IT07K-299-6 and IT10K-973-1 to SBMV+CABMV. Through the four virus treatments, seed weight per plant was significantly (p<0.05) highest in IT10K-843 infected with CABMV which, produced 3.5 g; cultivar, IT07K-299-6 inoculated with SBMV produced 4.9 g, while IT10K-973-1 under CABMV+SBMV infections produced 4.9 g; and IT07K-298-9 infected with SBMV+CABMV produced 4.4 g. The cowpea cultivar IT07K-299-6 which gave the highest seed weight under single and double virus infections can be exploited in hybridization studies to develop resistant cowpea varieties for use by farmers. Intensive biotechnological research that will result in the development of cowpea cultivars with multiple resistance to economically important viruses should be explored.

 

Author (s) Details

E. W. Mamman
Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.

 

M. T. Salaudeen
Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.

 

A. C. Wada
Department of Crop Production, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.

 

A. S. Paiko
Department of Pest Management Technology, Niger State College of Agriculture, P.M.B. 109, Mokwa, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v9/3093

Rhizobium and Virus Interaction on Growth and Yields of Cowpea | Chapter 11 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 This review has as allure focus microbe-microbe interplay and its effects on swollen object and yields of cowpea, with a view to analyzing the impacts on sustainability of food production arrangement. Cowpea is a nutritious piece that is widely devoured in tropical and subtropical poor countries with its own government. Pathogens and pests to a degree bacteria, viruses, fungus, and bugs can harm it at any stage of happening. Microbes, plants, and animals all communicate in both isolated and complex methods. To complete the food web process, these interplays might be plant-plant, plant-microbe, bacteria-microbe, or microbe-microbe-plant. While few interactions are active and helpful to the relationship's shareholders, others are poisonous and detrimental.  Knowledge of specific relationships might aid embellish productivity and allow for the development of novel tactics for plant guardianship, parasite control, and land yield increase. Hence this article determine the interaction of rhizobium and virus on cowpea swollen object and yields with a view to judging their contributory effects and determine their individual potency in the interplay.

Author(s) Details:

Oyatokun, O. S.,
Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ajayi Crowther University, P.M.B. 1066, Oyo, Nigeria.

Oyelakin, F. O.,
Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ajayi Crowther University, P.M.B. 1066, Oyo, Nigeria.

Akanbi, W. B.,
Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ajayi Crowther University, P.M.B. 1066, Oyo, Nigeria and Department of Crop Production and Soil Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Science and Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Adigun, M. A.,
Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ajayi Crowther University, P.M.B. 1066, Oyo, Nigeria.

Ajiwe, S. T.,
Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ajayi Crowther University, P.M.B. 1066, Oyo, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V7/article/view/11856

Effect of Cowpea Enrichment on Some Quality Parameters of Maize: Cowpea Flour Blends | Chapter 6 | Current Perspectives in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 3

 The objective concerning this study was to test the complementary effect of cowpea on some kind attributes of maize flour. Production of healthy low cost completing foods is a panacea to starvation in developing countries. Wheat is a well-known cereal grain that has happened used for the result of many snacks, in the way that chin-chin, biscuit, pastry, bread and different pastry produce but the tropical climate of many underdeveloped countries does not encourage marketing wheat cultivation, chief to reliance on grain importation.   Dried yellow maize (Zea mays), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and additional ingredients (onion, fresh sprinkle, palm lubricate) used for this research were derived from Obada market in Emure-ile, Owo L.G.A of Ondo State, Nigeria. Flour blends were produced in the following percentages of maize: cowpea; 90: 10, 80: 20, 70: 30 and 100% maize as control. Physicochemical (proximate, not organic and functional properties) and microbiological reasonings were carried out on the sprinkle fine grains blends The proximate result granted that the protein content ranged from 8.85 to 10.52%, total ash, 1.55 to 1.93%; fat content, 10.50 to 11.96%; dampness content, 5.05 to 5.77% and fibre content, 9.88 to 14.43%. The blend with a 30% replacement of cowpeas produced the chief value. It was found that substituting cowpeas had no affect the fat content. When cowpeas were substituted for other elements in the blends, the mineral study revealed that the contents of potassium, sodium, metallic mineral, and iron increased, accompanying 30% cowpea substitution having the topmost values.  While calcium was not discovered in 100% maize, Calcium contents in the blends were 3.34, 3.36, 3.39 mg/kg for 10%, 20% and 30% cowpea replacement respectively;. Functional properties judged showed that size density categorized from 0.72 to 0.81g/ml, swelling index, 0.66 to 1.03 ml/g, least gelation, 2.10 to 6.11%, foaming, 7.67 to 15.36%, water assimilation, 2.41 to 3.23%, oil incorporation 1.24 to 1.45%, emulsion capacity, 8.76 to 37.15% and oil stability 7.43 to 14.13%. Microbiological judgment for the flour blends revealed that total viable count ranged from 3.80 to 4.7 x 103 Cfu/ml, while foam and mould count categorized from 2.2 to 3.17 x 103 Sfu/ml for blends. The overall result showed that 30% cowpea replacement is the most adequate portion to produce an acceptable and healthy flour blend from maize and cowpea which maybe useful for pies and confectioneries. Cowpea enrichment acted not significantly change the microbiological characteristics. In conclusion, cowpea maybe combined accompanying maize to create a composite smash by beating that is high in minerals and has improved working qualities.

Author(s) Details:

I. O. Shakpo,
Food Science and Technology Department, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Nigeria and Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

O. F. Osundahunsi,
Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

T. N. Fagbemi,
Food Science and Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPAFS-V3/article/view/10237

Determining the Nematicidal Effects of Some Plant Extracts on Egg Hatchability and Control of Meloidogyne spp. in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] | Chapter 7 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

 The Current case was undertaken to judge the nematicidal activity of five plant class: Luffa cylindrica (Linn) MJ Roem, Momordica charantia Linn, Euphorbia hirta Linn, D. scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv. and Starchytarpheta cayennensis L.C. Rich (Schau), forest ash and a artificial insecticide (L. cyhalothrin) on cell hatachability and control of Meloidogyne spp. in cowpea. The effects of five test plants (Luffa cylindrica, Momordica charantia, Euphorbia hirta, Desmodium scorpiurus, and Stachytarpheta cayennensis), forest ash from Gmelina aborea, a artificial insecticide (Karate-Lambda cyhalothrin), and not cooked water from faucet (control) were assessed against the seed hatchability and control of Meloidogyne spp. in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) in the laboratory and hothouse. The experiments were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) accompanying 13 treatments (Hot water extracts (HWE) and pessimistic person extracts (CWE) of L. cyclindrica; E. hirta, D. scorpiurus, S. cayennesis, M. charantia, forest ash, L. cyhalothrin and control) copied 3 times. The result of the lab experiment showed that the uncertain water extracts of L. cylindrica and HWE of M. charantia significantly (p < 0.05) shy the hatching of nematode cells. Results got from the Greenhouse indicated that HWE of E. hirta, CWE of S. cayennesis, CWE and HWE of L. cylindrica considerably improved cowpea yield, (p< 0.05). The liquid extracts reduced the number of galls on the ancestries, nematode populations in the root and soil. The results acquired G. aborea extracts did not vary considerably with the artificial nematicide – L. cyhalothrin. The leaf extracts of the test plants have potential as sources of horticultural nematicides to reduce the trenchant effects of plant-like a parasite nematodes in cowpea fields. There is need for review course especially in the region of nematode population density that take care of cause significant damage. Also, the influence of plant extracts in a field environment endure also be determined.

Author(s) Details:

C. C. Ononuju,
Department of Plant Health Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.

P. O. Nzenwa,
Department of Plant Health Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P.M.B 7267 Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V7/article/view/9103

Organic Manure on the Crop Yield of Corn (Monoculture in Association with Cowpea) in Ngandajika Region in Central Democratic Republic of Congo: A Comparative Analysis | Chapter 6 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 3

 The present study highlights to compare the two coprolites Tithonia diversifolia and club stool in both monoculture systems as association that's used by tropical directors inSub-Saharan Africa, particularly the DRC, with the variety of QPM. This logic includes the artistic association system, which is used by small growers and the maturity of growers inSub-Saharan Africa. still, this system faces the same limitations as the conventional system, similar as the lack of readily available organic fertiliser despite input from the most accessible agrarian patron in tropical areas. Tithonia diversifolia and stool- club organic emendations can be set up in the tropics, with the club parentage ways producing club stool that have just been developed. Both diseases may well contribute to the development of husbandry, not only because of their uproariousness in nutrients, but also their vacuity. A study was conducted in the region Gandajika by testing, both organic diseases in monoculture sludge( QPM variety) and in association with cowpea. The organic ordure can be recommended to growers in their product systems in tropical regions, especially those in the read Ngandajika region.

Author(s) Details:

M. Nkongolo,
Faculty of Agronomy, Official University of Mbujimayi, DR Congo.

K. Lumpungu,
Faculty of Agronomy, Official University of Mbujimayi, DR Congo.

V. Kizungu,
Faculty of Agronomy, Official University of Mbujimayi, DR Congo.

M. Kalambaie,
Faculty of Agronomy, Official University of Mbujimayi, DR Congo.

J. Tshimbombo,
Faculty of Agronomy, Official University of Mbujimayi, DR Congo.

K. Mukendi,
Faculty of Agronomy, Official University of Mbujimayi, DR Congo.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V3/article/view/8407

Assessment of Diversity in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Cultivars Using Agromorphological Traits | Chapter 5 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 The cowpea is the second most important cash crop in Chad after peanuts, however the native varieties are not valued. This study's objective was to assess the agromorphological diversity of 45 cultivars and the structure of that diversity using 18 descriptors. The majority of cowpea seeds grown for human consumption are kidney-shaped (84.44%), white (73.33%), and have a thin, rough integument (91.11%). White but not dehiscent, the pods are also white. Seven quantitative traits revealed highly significant variations. 73.04% of the variability was explained using principal component analysis. 97.78% of the classifications generated from the hierarchical ascending clustering were supported by discriminant factor analysis. The weight of the seed per pod, the length of the pod, the weight of the pod per plant, and the stage of maturity are used to categorise cultivars into 4 groups. Group I is distinguished by late cultivars with brief pods (PoL: 13.920.63 cm; Fl1: 872.42 days; Mat: 1081.80 days). The maximum pod weights (PoWP: 129.696.81 g) and seed weights per pod (SWPo: 3.980.09 g) were found in Group II cultivars. Cultivars exhibiting intermediate features are in Group III. The earliest cultivars are from Group IV and have long pods (PoL: 21.050.94 cm). It will be possible to increase cowpea productivity by utilising the intriguing cultivars and features.

Author(s) Details:

Nadjiam Djirabaye,
Institut Tchadien de Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, ITRAD, Bp : 5400, N’Djamena, Tchad. 

Amos Nodjasse Doyam,
Centre Régional de Recherche Agronomique, ITRAD/CRRA-ZSD, Bébédjia, Bp: 31, Moundou, Tchad.

Le Diambo Bedingam,
Centre Régional de Recherche Agronomique, ITRAD/CRRA-ZSD, Bébédjia, Bp: 31, Moundou, Tchad.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V2/article/view/8157

Integrated Weed Management in Ginger (Zingiber officinale) for Higher Productivity in Plains of Assam | Chapter 8 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 12

 During 2014-15 and 2015-16, a field experiment was conducted at the Assam Agricultural University's Instruction-cum-Research Farm in Jorhat district, Assam, India, to identify a suitable combination of ginger and cowpea intercropping, as well as various weed management practises, to effectively manage weeds in ginger. Since it is a widely spaced and long-lasting crop, growers have plenty of opportunities to use the available vacant space throughout the rhizome's early growth stage to plant any short-term leguminous intercrop. Four legume intercropping systems and four weed control practises were considered in a total of 16 treatment combinations. Legume crop intercropping Cowpea planted between rows of Ginger and incorporated at 40 days after sowing (DAS) or between alternate rows of Ginger and incorporated at 40 days after sowing (DAS) and pre-emergence application of Metribuzin 500 g ai ha-1 + hand weeding (HW) at 70, 100, and 140 days after planting (DAP) produced better ginger growth and rhizome yield.

Author (s) Details

Aparna Baruah
Corteva Agriscience, Kolkata-700157, West Bengal, India

Jayanta Deka
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785013, Assam, India

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V12/article/view/778