Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Salvia freyniana Bornm. Ex Freyn (Endemic Species) and the Significance of its Major Constituents | Chapter 6 | New Horizons of Science, Technology and Culture Vol. 7

 

Lamiaceae, one of the world's richest plant families in terms of diversity, encompasses a significant portion of plant taxa endemic to the Mediterranean region. Salvia L., among the largest and most widespread genera of this family, comprises approximately 1.000 species in Central America, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia. In the Flora of Türkiye, the Salvia genus is represented by 100 species and 114 taxa, with a very high endemism rate of 50.88%. Taxa belonging to the Salvia genus have a very wide range of uses, primarily in the medical, pharmaceutical, food, perfumery, cosmetic, and cleaning product industries. Generally herbaceous, semi-shrub, or shrubby perennial plants, Salvia species rarely exhibit biennial or annual life forms and are characteristically strongly aromatic. These aromatic properties are due to the essential oils contained within the plants. Salvia freyniana Bornm. Ex Freyn, a species endemic to the Flora of Türkiye, is a perennial plant that can grow to a height of 15–35 cm and has clusters of lilac-blue flowers. The species flowers in May–June and is distributed at altitudes between 900 and 1200 m. The composition of the essential oil obtained from the flowering parts of S. freyniana collected from its natural distribution areas during full flowering was determined by GC-MS analysis. According to the analysis results, among the 30 components identified in essential oil, camphor (16.6%), eucalyptol (15.9%), and spathulenol (11.1%) stood out as the main components. When the component groups were evaluated, it was determined that oxygenated sesquiterpenes constituted the most dominant fraction and represent the main component group of S. freyniana essential oil. Camphor has particular importance due to its versatile potential for use in medicinal, cosmetic, and industrial fields. Eucalyptol (1,8-cineol) is a monoterpene widely used in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Spathulenol, on the other hand, is an important biologically active component known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative effects. Consequently, S. freyniana essential oil, with its high camphor, eucalyptol, and spathulenol content, reveals that this endemic species is a valuable natural resource from a pharmaceutical and industrial perspective.

 

 

Author(s) Details

BELGİN COŞGE ŞENKAL
Yozgat Bozok University, Türkiye.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nhstc/v7/7045