Remote sensing has become an essential tool for
understanding environmental dynamics, particularly the long-term monitoring of
surface water bodies. Among spectral indices, the Normalised Difference Water
Index (NDWI) has shown strong potential for detecting and quantifying changes
in water surfaces using multispectral satellite imagery. This chapter presents
a replicable methodological framework for the multitemporal analysis of surface
water dynamics based on Landsat imagery and the NDWI index, integrating
conceptual explanation with a step-by-step workflow accessible to researchers,
professionals, and students.
The proposed methodology is applied to Lake Tota, the
largest natural freshwater lake in Colombia, using Landsat images from 1985 to
2025. The results indicate a net reduction of 125.24 hectares in surface water
area, equivalent to a decrease of 2.29% relative to the baseline year, together
with marked interannual variability and a declining trend in recent years.
Beyond the case study, the framework offers a transferable approach for
monitoring surface water changes in different geographic contexts, contributing
to more informed decision-making in environmental management and research.
Author(s) Details
Alexander Saavedra
Pulido
Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Santo Tomás, Colombia.
Carlos Caro Camargo
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Santo Tomás, Colombia.
Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v6/7147
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