Saturday, 29 November 2025

Gasification of Raw, Roasted and Carbonized Cashew Shells in a Fixed-Bed Co-current Gasifier | Chapter 2 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 4

 

The utilization of agricultural residues for power generation is an opportunity to reduce fossil fuel usage and foster a sustainable circular economy. The gasification of agricultural residues in some localities in Burkina Faso has made it possible to access electricity. However, the majority of gasifiers in operation in Burkina Faso are shut down, for technical reasons and because of the lack of mastery of the technology. The utilization of agricultural residues for power generation is an opportunity to reduce fossil fuel use and foster a promotion of renewable energy.  The present study focuses on the improvement of gas quality by gasification of raw and cashew shells, heat treatment by roasting and carbonization. The gasifier is a fixed-bed, co-current batch mode, with a throat. It has a thermal power of around 30 kW. It meets the need for low electrical power of the order of 10kWe. It has a double wall with a height of 153 cm and a diameter of 50 cm, and a double air injection. Improving the quality of the gas, consisting of reducing the balsam content contained in the raw shells. As well as the improvement of the physico-chemical characteristics of the shells. And this is done through the roasting and carbonization process. The tests carried out aim to evaluate the energy performance of the gasifier and analyse the gas composition resulting from the gasification of raw, roasted and carbonized cashew shells. Four Types K thermocouples, with a measuring range of -50°C to 400°C and class 2 accuracy in accordance. The parameters studied are the energy efficiency of the gasifier and the energy capacity of the gas. Four type K thermocouples, with a measuring range of −50˚C to +400˚C and class 2 accuracy in accordance with standard EN 60584-2, are connected to a data logger to monitor the temperature inside the reactor. The study showed that the energy yields of the gasifier by gasification of raw, roasted and carbonized hulls are respectively 47.5, 28.32 and 31.48%. The specific production rate of the gas is 28.3, 132.76 and 155.32 kg/m2.h respectively for raw, roasted and charred hulls. The gasification times of raw, roasted and charred bulls are 224.33 respectively 201 and 211 minutes. The composition of syngas shows that the gas produced from cashew shells is low in energy. Indeed, the LHV of gas from the raw, roasted and carbonized hulls are 3.1, respectively; 2.1 and 2.87 MJ/N.m3. The study of the gasification of raw and heat-treated hulls shows that the quality of the gas is improved, as is the energy performance of hull gasification. However, the Lower Heating Value of the gas from pre-treated hulls is not improved by torrefaction and carbonization of the hulls. The study concluded that gasifying cashew nut shells—especially those discarded by processing units—can be valuable for heat and electricity production.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Bénéwindé Edwige 2ème Jumelle Ouédraogo
Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Gado Harouna Ibrahim
Faculté des Sciences et Technique, Université Dan Dankoulodo de Maradi, Maradi, Niger.

 

Wend-Kuni Gisele Bilgo
Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Tizane Daho
Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Oumar Sanogo
Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Antoine Bere
Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v4/6493

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