The utilization of agricultural residues for power
generation is an opportunity to reduce fossil fuel usage and foster a
sustainable circular economy. The gasification of agricultural residues in some
localities in Burkina Faso has made it possible to access electricity. However,
the majority of gasifiers in operation in Burkina Faso are shut down, for
technical reasons and because of the lack of mastery of the technology. The
utilization of agricultural residues for power generation is an opportunity to reduce
fossil fuel use and foster a promotion of renewable energy. The present study focuses on the improvement
of gas quality by gasification of raw and cashew shells, heat treatment by
roasting and carbonization. The gasifier is a fixed-bed, co-current batch mode,
with a throat. It has a thermal power of around 30 kW. It meets the need for
low electrical power of the order of 10kWe. It has a double wall with a height
of 153 cm and a diameter of 50 cm, and a double air injection. Improving the
quality of the gas, consisting of reducing the balsam content contained in the
raw shells. As well as the improvement of the physico-chemical characteristics
of the shells. And this is done through the roasting and carbonization process.
The tests carried out aim to evaluate the energy performance of the gasifier
and analyse the gas composition resulting from the gasification of raw, roasted
and carbonized cashew shells. Four Types K thermocouples, with a measuring
range of -50°C to 400°C and class 2 accuracy in accordance. The parameters
studied are the energy efficiency of the gasifier and the energy capacity of
the gas. Four type K thermocouples, with a measuring range of −50˚C to +400˚C
and class 2 accuracy in accordance with standard EN 60584-2, are connected to a
data logger to monitor the temperature inside the reactor. The study showed
that the energy yields of the gasifier by gasification of raw, roasted and
carbonized hulls are respectively 47.5, 28.32 and 31.48%. The specific
production rate of the gas is 28.3, 132.76 and 155.32 kg/m2.h respectively for
raw, roasted and charred hulls. The gasification times of raw, roasted and
charred bulls are 224.33 respectively 201 and 211 minutes. The composition of
syngas shows that the gas produced from cashew shells is low in energy. Indeed,
the LHV of gas from the raw, roasted and carbonized hulls are 3.1,
respectively; 2.1 and 2.87 MJ/N.m3. The study of the gasification of raw and
heat-treated hulls shows that the quality of the gas is improved, as is the
energy performance of hull gasification. However, the Lower Heating Value of
the gas from pre-treated hulls is not improved by torrefaction and
carbonization of the hulls. The study concluded that gasifying cashew nut
shells—especially those discarded by processing units—can be valuable for heat
and electricity production.
Author(s) Details
Bénéwindé Edwige 2ème
Jumelle Ouédraogo
Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT),
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Ouagadougou,
Burkina Faso and Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement
(LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Gado Harouna Ibrahim
Faculté des Sciences et Technique, Université Dan Dankoulodo de Maradi,
Maradi, Niger.
Wend-Kuni Gisele
Bilgo
Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université
Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Tizane Daho
Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université
Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Oumar Sanogo
Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT),
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST),
Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Antoine Bere
Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université
Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v4/6493
