Smart Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Applications | Chapter 2 | Current Research Progress in Physical Science Vol. 6

Advanced nanostructured metal sulfides are being used as promising electrode materials in energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries due to their remarkable electrochemical properties. This chapter demonstrates the polycrystalline heterostructured binder-free nickel sulfide (NiS) and cadmium sulfide decorated NiS synthesized by home-made chemical vapor deposition technique. The change in physiochemical properties like structural (crystallinity, microstrains, lattice distortion etc.) and microstructural (shape, size and distribution of nanoparticles), is responsible for changing the electrochemical properties like cyclic voltammetry, charging-discharging capacities, specific capacitance, capacity retention, Coulombic efficiency, cyclic stability, energy density and power density. Transition metal sulfides like NiS and cadmium-nickel sulfide (Cd-NiS) are promising electrode materials due to their microstructural-dependent remarkable electrochemical properties. The values of specific capacitance of NiS and Cd-NiS at 1 mV/s are found to be 5139 and 2899 F/g respectively. The values of specific capacitance of NiS and Cd-NiS at 1 A/g are found to be 3070 and 2314 F/g respectively. The values of specific capacitance are decreased with increasing scan rates and current densities. The smaller charge transfer resistance (0.32-0.36 Ω) indicates higher conductivity of the synthesized electrode materials enhancing the electrochemical performance. Good cyclic stability is observed for Cd-NiS electrode materials even after the 5000 cyclic process. The synthesized Cd-NiS electrode material follows capacitive controlled contribution, however, the electrode materials synthesized by the home-made chemical deposition technique behave supercapacitor and battery nature because the b values lie between 0.5 and 1. Based on the physiochemical and electrochemical properties, the synthesized NiS and Cd-NiS can be used as effective electrode materials for medical tools, food, electronics, transportation and energy.

 

Author (s) Details

Ijaz Ahmad Khan
Plasma Processing of Electrode Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.

 

Abdur Rasheed
Plasma Processing of Electrode Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.

 

Amjad Farid
Plasma Processing of Electrode Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.

 

Misbah Yousaf
Plasma Processing of Electrode Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpps/v6/3363