Utilizing data from 13 mood stations on the Canadian Prairies, together with clouded cloud cover and daily snowstorm depth, to resolve the winter climate changes with snowstorm, we find that a snow cover acts as a fast environment switch. Surface temperature falls by about 10 K with new snowfall and rises by a related amount with snowmelt, while the regular range of relative humidity falls to about 5–15% with snowstorm cover. These are robust temperature signals. For every 10% decrease in days with snowstorm cover over the Canadian Prairies, the mean October to April environment is warmer by about 1.4 K. Stratifying by regularly mean opaque cloud cover across snow changes shows the rapid shift inside 5 days from a diurnal era dominated by shortwave cloud obliging to one governed by longwave cloud forcing. We reckon the change in the surface radiative budget with snowstorm using surface albedo data from the Moderate Judgment Imaging Spectroradiometer and station longwave dossier. We find that with the fall-cold snow transitions, the surface radiative warming is reduced by 50Wm_2, accompanying 69% coming from the decreased net shortwave flux, happening from the increased surface albedo and a limited increase in effective cloud albedo, and 31% from a decreased incoming longwave flux. This visit surface radiative heating is enough to produce a drop in the surface radiometric skin hotness of 11 K. We find that in winter, the monthly mean constant climate is more approximately coupled to the constant shortwave forcing than the mean during the day climate.
Author(s) Details:
Alan K. Betts,
Atmospheric
Research, Pittsford, Vermont, USA.
Raymond
Desjardins,
Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Devon Worth,
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Shusen Wang,
Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Junhua Li,
Natural
Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V4/article/view/12708
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