Serum Selenium Levels in Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Comparative Study in Nigerian Patients | Chapter 12 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 11

 

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among men and also a significant cause of mortality. Over one million new cases were diagnosed in 2020, and over 300,000 deaths from prostate cancer were recorded in the same year. Selenium, a trace metal, has been investigated for its potential role in prostate cancer through mechanisms such as angiogenesis inhibition, modulation of cell death, and androgen receptor signalling. This study compares the serum Selenium (Se) levels of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer versus those diagnosed with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH).

 

The study was carried out in the University of Port Harcourt teaching Hospital (UPTH) and Gbeye hospital. A total of 81 patients who gave their consent, and had lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited over a 6 months period. 40 patients had Benign prostate enlargement, while 41 patients had prostate cancer. Blood samples were collected and analysed for Se using an Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Patient biodata, prostate-specific antigen, and serum selenium levels were collected and analysed using SPSS version 20.

 

The mean age of respondents in this study was 60(9) and 62(9) for BPH and PCa respectively. The mean BMI was 25.81 (2.04). The mean PSA of the BPH and PCa groups were 2(1) and 18(5) respectively P <0.001. The serum selenium level for those with BPH was 0.17 (0.07), while that for those with PCa was 0.14 (0.07) with a p-value of 0.073.

 

This study found that serum Se was lower in patients with PCa compared with controls (BPH) but this difference was not statistically significant. The role of Se in prostate diseases and, indeed, prostate cancer still requires further research. This is particularly important in West Africa, where the burden of prostate cancer is high.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Okigbeye Danagogo
Department of Surgery, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

 

Egbuchilem Chisor-Wabali
Department of Surgery, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v11/6317

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Ethanol Extract of Bee Propolis and its Therapeutical Properties | Chapter 9 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 6

Aim: Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has gained significant interest due to their distinctive chemical and biological properties that are essential for their potential application in various fields. Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element essential for various biological functions in living organisms. Its deficiency or excess can lead to significant health issues in humans. Selenium exists in different chemical forms, including selenite and selenate can be toxic at high concentrations. These forms of selenium are known to have adverse effects when ingested in excess, causing selenosis. In contrast, SeNPs have gained attention for their potential health benefits. SeNPs can be synthesized using various methods, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. The low toxicity of SeNPs is appropriate for biomedical applications, including cancer treatment.

 

Place and Duration of the Study: Azyme Biosciences Laboratory, Bangalore, between February 2018 and September 2018.

 

Methodology: In the present study, propolis, the beehive product collected from 5 different Indian states—Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Karnataka and Kerala, was used for the biosynthesis of SeNPs and characterized by using UV-vis Spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

 

Results: SeNPs biosynthesized by propolis were observed as crystalline, oval-shaped and smooth surface particles. The study also reports the efficiency of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay to estimate the antioxidant potential. The antimicrobial assay was evaluated only for SeNPs synthesized from propolis extracts obtained from Karnataka state, which showed high antioxidant activity. The antibacterial activity against pathogenic gram-positive bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus mutans), gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was evaluated by resazurin microtiter plate method to check the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). The antifungal activity of pathogenic fungi such as Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavon and Candida albicans were determined by well diffusion method.

 

Conclusion: It is the first report describing the biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using bee propolis. This study demonstrated the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of SeNPs biosynthesised by using ethanol extract of propolis. Extensive research is vital to develop less toxic and cost-effective synthesis methods for selenium nanoparticles, as well as to control particle size and its application in medicine and healthcare.

 

Author (s) Details

Shubharani R.
Department of Biotechnology, Azyme Biosciences Pvt. Ltd, Bengaluru-560069, Karnataka, India.

 

Mahesh M.
Department of Biotechnology, Azyme Biosciences Pvt. Ltd, Bengaluru-560069, Karnataka, India.

 

V. N. Yogananda Murthy
Department of Biotechnology, Azyme Biosciences Pvt. Ltd, Bengaluru-560069, Karnataka, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v6/1730

Protective Role of Selenium and Vitamin E against Hexavalent Chromium Induced Hepatotoxicty and Nephrotoxicity in Rats | Chapter 4 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 5

 This affiliate aimed to decide the extent of hepatoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by a sub-never-ending exposure to a very low environmentally appropriate dose of hexavalent chromium in addition to ameliorative potential of selenium and source of nourishment E in combination against aforementioned chronic uncovering. The protective potential of selenium and source of nourishment E against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by chronic uncovering to a very low environmentally appropriate dose of hexavalent chromium was evaluated in male albino rats. Animals (six rats in each group) taken solution of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)  at a dosage of 1 mg / Kg b.w./day; sodium selenate (0.25 mg/kg bw) plus source of nourishment E ( 100 mg/kg bw) and supplementation of sodium selenate  plus vitamin E along with K2Cr2O7  answer ;  control group received only water purified by distillation for  ninety consecutive days.  In the rats acted with K2Cr2O7, skilled was a significant decline in body pressure gain and an increase in liver and kidney weight, in addition to an increase in serum organic compound composed of carbon, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine levels and a drop in protein and albumin levels. The endeavors of serum enzymes, SGOT, SGPT, ACP and ALP were again increased in considered animals. The projects of enzymes CAT, SOD, GPx and the levels of GSH reduced significantly and level of MDA raised in K2Cr2O7 treated rats distinguished to control animals. Liver and sort tissues exhibited face of toxicity in chromium treated mammals. All the effects were everted in supplemented group. A significant increase in MDA level and a important decrease in CAT-SOD system and GPx- GSH action is a clear indication of oxidative stress, that might have induced functional and fundamental disruption in two together liver and kidney of chromium exposed mammals. In male albino rats, incessant exposure to K2Cr2O7 at a approximately low ecologically appropriate dose experienced to hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity brought on by oxidative stress; the belongings were mitigated by selenium and vitamin E supplementation.

Author(s) Details:

Soma Choudhuri,
Department of Physiology, Tripura Medical College and Br. B.R. Ambedkar Teaching Hospital, Hapania, Agartala, Tripura – 799014, India.

Dipayan Choudhuri,
Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura – 799022, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V5/article/view/11048

Evaluation of Vitamin D Status, Selenium & CRP Level in Psoriasis | Chapter 12 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that is linked to a variety of medical issues.  It is caused by a mix of genetic predisposition and environmental circumstances, which cause immune system sensitivity.  The goal of this study is to determine the status of serum vitamin D, selenium, and CRP levels in psoriasis patients, as well as their relationship to disease severity. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based case-control study included 50 psoriasis cases and 47 healthy persons. Serum VD, selenium, and CRP levels, as well as general demographic data, were also measured. According to statistical analysis, VD levels are significantly lower in psoriasis (p 0.005). In terms of demographic characteristics, psoriasis patients were found to be more obese than controls. The serum levels of selenium and CRP were not substantially different between the two groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency is highly linked to psoriasis, according to our findings. Vitamin D supplementation can aid in the treatment of psoriasis and the reduction of obesity. In our research, serum selenium and CRP levels were found to have minimal significance.

Author(s) Details

S. Sumathi
Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, SBV, Pondicherry, India.

Dr. S. Vinod Babu
Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, SBV, Pondicherry, India.

Dr. K. Karthikeyan
Department of Dermatology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College & Hospital, Pondicherry, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V9/article/view/2246

Studies on the Intake of Cl, Br, I, Se in Human Body with Food in Central Regions of the European Part of Russia | Chapter 6 | Current Research in Agricultural and Food Science Vol.2

 

In this paper, a brief analysis of the impact of these elements on the human body is given. A number
of consumed foodstuffs in different food rations (diets) were assessed. Six selected basic food rations, which most fully reflect the specific features of nutrition in the Russian Federation, were chosen. The analysis of the concentration of chlorine, bromine, iodine and selenium in a wide range of food and agricultural products was carried out. The daily intake of these elements in the human body from the selected diets was calculated. A comparison of the real income of chlorine, bromine, iodine and selenium in the human body with a physiologically needed intake was performed. It is proposed to use the coefficient of Kr, which is the ratio of actual intake of the element in the human body to physiologically needed intake. Based on this analysis assessed insufficient or excess supply of chlorine, bromine, iodine and selenium in the human body with these diets in the central regions of the European part of Russia was evaluated.

Author (s) Details

Anatoly V. Gorbunov
Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Sergey M. Lyapunov
Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Marina Frontasyeva
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia.

Sergey S. Pavlov
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/258