Water Quality Parameters, Dissolved Mineral Levels, and Psoriasis Healing Effects: A Specific Study of Pokhara, Nepal Hot Spring | Chapter 5 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 2

The current study comprised a specific study of water quality parameters and dissolved mineral levels to assess the therapeutic and toxicity states of the hot spring water in a locale of Pokhara, Nepal countryside. People take baths and soak in the hot spring to heal from allergic and fungal ailments, arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders and different skin diseases. The hot spring water bath was reportedly found useful towards healing and relief from itchy skin allergic rashes, and persisting skin disorders but the prolonged soakers of the hot spring also complained the adverse effects such as dandruff, skin blister, dry and inflamed skin, ooze and crust. The hot spring baths were found to impart good healing and relieving effects against psoriasis but the mild skin burn and dandruff were the common side effects. The water quality parameters and mineral levels data above the acceptable range for recreational and swimming purposes showed the necessity of technical moderation to sustain the acceptable levels of hot spring minerals and water quality parameters. The unsuitability of hot spring water for drinking, soaking in and recreational swimming purposes was shown by higher than accepted values of alkalinity (700 ppm), total suspended solids with the size of at least 2 µm (TSS) (50 ppm), total dissolved solids (TDS) (650 ppm), turbidity (13 NTU), soluble carbonate (150 ppm), soluble chloride (250 ppm), surface tension (72.98 Dynes cm-1) and total hardness (880 ppm). The hot spring water showed correspondence to safe utility in terms of the levels of nitrate (undetectable), iron(II) (<0.3 ppm, undetectable), iron(II) (<0.3 ppm, undetectable) and aluminum(III) (<0.3 ppm, undetectable). The healing effects of the hot spring water against musculoskeletal disorders and fungal ailments were found to be associated with its high sulphate level at 400 ppm. The hot spring could be developed as consistently a sulphate-rich spring useful for balneotherapy, wellness and spa tourism, with proper attenuation of water quality parameters and mineral levels at a level of acceptance.

 

Author (s) Details

Hari Sharan Adhikari
Institute of Engineering, Pashchimanchal Campus, Department of Applied Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal.

 

Kedar Nath Dhakal
Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.

 

Rameshwar Adhikari
Institute of Engineering, Pashchimanchal Campus, Department of Applied Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal and Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v2/3910

Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Papulosquamous Skin Disorders in a Tertiary Health‑care Center | Chapter 3 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 

Background: Skin is the largest organ of the body. Papulosquamous skin disorders are a group of heterogenous dermatoses with distinct histo- morphological features and of uncertain etiology. The characteristic primary lesion is a papule, usually erythematous, that has a variable amount of scaling on the surface. The commonest papulosquamous dermatoses are psoriasis, lichen planus and pityriasis rosea. Because all papulosquamous disorders are characterised by scaling papules, clinical confusion may result during their diagnosis.

Aim: The Study aims to evaluate histomorphological findings in various papulosquamous skin disorders encountered at RIMS, Imphal.

Materials and Methods: Skin biopsies of clinically diagnosed papulosquamous skin disorders along with their relevant clinical data received during a period of two years from September 2017 to August 2019 were included in the study. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain.

Results: A total of 115 papulosquamous skin disorders were studied with 75 cases of psoriasis (11 to 80 years), 36 cases lichen planus (2 to 70 years) and 4 cases pityriasis rosea. Age ranges from 2 to 80 years. Most cases were seen in the age group of 31 to 50(70.6%) with a mean age of 39.18 years. Both genders were almost equally affected with a male: female ratio of 1.13:1. A comperative analysis of the clinical with histopathological diagnosis of these papulosquamous skin lesions revealed a positive co-relation in 76(66.08%) cases and a negative co-relation in 39(33.9%) cases.

Conclusion: It is crucial to identify the type of papulosquamous lesion to determine the appropriate treatment due to the varied clinical presentation and histopathological patterns of the disorder.

Author(s) Details:

Rachel Shimray,
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Namibia, Namibia.

Sharmila Laishram
Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Gayatri Devi Pukhrambam
Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India.


Khagokpam Ambala Devi
Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V6/article/view/14277

A Clinical Approach to Ayurvedic Management of Childhood Psoriasis | Chapter 7 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 3

Psoriasis is a common papulosquamous disorder that causes disfigurement of skin and can cause significant psychological effects in the patient. The onset of psoriasis in childhood is common. Psoriasis affects about 2% of the population with a worldwide distribution. Systemic treatments and phototherapy have been of limited use in children and are found to have gonadal toxicity. In the present chapter, a comprehensive description of causes, pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis as per Ayurveda is given. As per Ayurveda, skin diseases are known as kushta which encompasses a variety of conditions affecting the skin. Psoriasis resembles the disease kitibha, a variety of kshudrakusta explained in Ayurveda.   A case report on a patient of childhood stable plaque psoriasis which was successfully managed by employing ayurvedic principles mentioned for kushta, has been presented in the chapter. The patient was treated with a course of virechana, a form of purification procedure and internal administration of guggulutiktaka ghrita and mahatiktaka kashaya along with an external application of 777 oil. After 4 months of treatment, a complete remission of the disease was observed with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score getting reduced from 32.8 before treatment to 0 after treatment. This observation serves as a primary evidence to state that ayurvedic classical treatment can modify the disease process in psoriasis.

Author(s) Details:

S. Geetha Kumari,
Department of Kaumarabhritya, Shree Rasiklal Manikchand Dhariwal Ayurved College and Hospital, Vaghladhara, Gujarat, India.

Aditya Bhat,
Department of Swasthavritta, Shree Rasiklal Manikchand Dhariwal Ayurveda College and Hospital, Vaghaldhara, Gujarat, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V3/article/view/13162

A Study on the Treatment of Hyperkeratotic and Scaling Disorders Using Salicylic Acid Film Forming Gel with It’s Development and Characterization | Chapter 12 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

 In order to overcome the disadvantages of traditional local formulation, the aim of this study is to design and distinguish a salicylic acid film-forming coagulate of hydrophilic polymers for the treatment of hyperkeratotic and climbing disorders that has wipe-off opposition, longer memory at the treatment ground, and is simple to spread and apply to the skin. Hyperkeratosis refers to the raised thickness of the layer corneum, the outer tier of the skin. It is most frequently on account of chronic material or chemical damage such as disagreement or the use of aggressive soaps but can further derive from never-ending inflammation or a side-effect of various drugs, including a destructive agent. Salicylic acid can be used topically to treat hyperkeratotic disorders, that are skin conditions from red, dry, fissured, and scaling skin. The film-making gel is qualified with HPMC E15, carbopol 934, propylene glycol, water, flammable liquid, and the drug. It is then optimised using 22 factorial designs and is characterised by allure physical traits, pH level, spreadability, drug content, rheological study, in vitro drug release, drying period, mechanical features of the film, and other determinants. Salicylic acid film-forming gel balance, skin irritancy, ex vivo permeation, and skin memory were also examined. For certain tests, every expression produces the expected results. The optimisation study found that viscosity increases and drug release decreases when HPMC E15 and carbopol 934 concentrations rise. The enhanced formulation had a stickiness of 47.6 ± 1.23 cp and a 90.23 ± 2.01% drug release. It is concluded that salicylic acid film-making gel for the situation of hyperkeratotic and scaling ailments is efficiently caused with hydrophilic polymers i.e., HPMC E15 and Carbopol 934 and that has wipe off fighting, longer memory at the site of situation, easy to spread on use and it forms a thin, transparent, protective, emollient and water dissolved film on skin within few notes to overcome the disadvantages of practice topical expression like ointment, lotion, gel i.e. need to massaging, poor devotion to the skin, easily wiped off on account of clothes, sweat, flows, poor permeability, ruined patient compliance.

Author(s) Details:

Rajashri N. Kausdikar,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

Manish S. Kondawar,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

Priyanka H. Jadhav,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. J. J. Magdum Pharmacy College, Jaysingpur, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

Nayna M. Jaiswal,
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Nagpur), RTMNU, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Ramling D. Mali,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. J. J. Magdum Pharmacy College, Jaysingpur, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V1/article/view/12151

Traditional Uses of Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Psoriasis | Chapter 9 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 4

 The study proposed to provide a orderly review of the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies to support established uses of herbal cure for psoriasis situation. Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition that affects your skin. Its main syndromes are scaly patches that appear maroon or silvery-silver. Psoriasis affects not completely 2 percent of the population and is frequently accompanied by a connected condition called psoriatic arthritis. Psoriasis situation methods change, from topical creams to light therapy to spoken medication. More and more research is being finished to discover open remedies for treating tingling. The systematic review was performed by joining three databases, i.e., PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, utilizing the search terms “Psoriasis” AND “Herbal cure” AND/OR “Traditional medicine.”. A total of 1,822 articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were downloaded to the EndNote table. Five hundred and seventy-four articles were expelled, and further analysis of the titles and abstracts of the staying 1,248 articles surpassed to the exclusion of 917 articles. Most were had connection with plants or recipes secondhand in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (63 articles and 207 plants). Research target inflammatory and proliferative processes in disease pathogenesis, happening, and progression has existed extensive. The antipsoriasis endeavors of several plants secondhand in traditional medicine for scratching have been rooted in different exploratory models in conjunction with their latent mechanisms of action at the microscopic and cellular levels. Research address inflammatory and proliferative processes in affliction pathogenesis, development, and progression has happened an extensive district. Apoptotic molecules and indicating pathways, immune containers (T-cells, dendritic containers, monocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages), and inflammatory fragments and signalling pathways, were the main marks of most plants' antipsoriasis activity. Plants targeting added signaling fragments should be further examined.

Author(s) Details:

Kesara Na-Bangchang,
Graduate Study in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Center, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand and Drug Discovery and Development Center, Thammasat University, Rangsit Center, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V4/article/view/11007

Pattern of Dermatoses in Paediatric Age Group at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India: An Epidemiological Study | Chapter 10 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 15

Background: Dermatoses are linked to a high rate of morbidity in children. Depending on their age, geography, and socioeconomic situation, children are affected by a variety of dermatological diseases. Infections and infestations, as well as non-infectious dermatoses such as atopic eczema, pigmentary diseases, papulo-squamous disorders, hair disorders, hereditary disorders, hemangiomas, and so on, are all examples. Due to changes in location, climate, culture, and socioeconomic background, the patterns of dermatoses vary from place to place. In our country, 9 percent to 35 percent of children suffer from dermatoses. These dermatoses have become more common in recent years, with children accounting for one-third of all OPD visitors. For all people, including children, epidemiological examination for skin problems is an important part of basic health care. In children, COVID-19 causes a variety of cutaneous symptoms. COVID 19 cutaneous symptoms have been the subject of a number of recent research.

The goal of this study is to learn about the pattern, incidence, prevalence, contributing variables, and prognosis of dermatoses in children attending a tertiary care center's Dermatology OPD in south India.

Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 1360 paediatric patients aged 6 to 18 years old who visited the Dermatology OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India over a one-year period were evaluated for various skin conditions. The patient's demographic information was collected, followed by a general, systemic, and cutaneous examination, and, if necessary, appropriate investigations. Data analysis and interpretation were recorded in a proforma.

The study population totaled 1360 people, including 762 boys and 598 girls. Eczematous eruptions and dermatitis (22.57%), infections and infestations (20.8%), infestations (18.96%), hypersensitivity disorders (6.91%), papulo-squamous (1.61%), and pigmentary diseases (1.61%) were the most prevalent dermatoses (2.94 percent ). 5.28 percent of children had acne, with urticaria coming in second (3.67 percent ) 10.44 percent of people had acne, while 2.21 percent had hair problems. There were no statistical differences in sex or age in this investigation.

Conclusion: The need for physician training in the management of common paediatric dermatoses for early treatment is highlighted by this study's epidemiological and clinical findings. The study of the epidemiological profile facilitates paediatric dermatoses diagnosis, allowing for early detection and prevention. The high prevalence of paediatric dermatoses highlights the importance of recognising them as a public health issue, and community-wide awareness campaigns to prevent or effectively treat them could be implemented.

Author (S) Details

Archana Mavoori
Department of DVL, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, India.

Deepthi Sriram
Department of DVL, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, India.

Sneha Pamar
Department of DVL, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, India.

Sudha Bala
Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V15/article/view/3870

Evaluation of Vitamin D Status, Selenium & CRP Level in Psoriasis | Chapter 12 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 9

 Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that is linked to a variety of medical issues.  It is caused by a mix of genetic predisposition and environmental circumstances, which cause immune system sensitivity.  The goal of this study is to determine the status of serum vitamin D, selenium, and CRP levels in psoriasis patients, as well as their relationship to disease severity. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based case-control study included 50 psoriasis cases and 47 healthy persons. Serum VD, selenium, and CRP levels, as well as general demographic data, were also measured. According to statistical analysis, VD levels are significantly lower in psoriasis (p 0.005). In terms of demographic characteristics, psoriasis patients were found to be more obese than controls. The serum levels of selenium and CRP were not substantially different between the two groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency is highly linked to psoriasis, according to our findings. Vitamin D supplementation can aid in the treatment of psoriasis and the reduction of obesity. In our research, serum selenium and CRP levels were found to have minimal significance.

Author(s) Details

S. Sumathi
Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, SBV, Pondicherry, India.

Dr. S. Vinod Babu
Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, SBV, Pondicherry, India.

Dr. K. Karthikeyan
Department of Dermatology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College & Hospital, Pondicherry, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V9/article/view/2246

Psoriasis: The Analysis of Emotional Experiences of the Skin | Chapter 1 | Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol. 8

 Psoriasis is a persistent and relapsing inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythematous patches covered by a silvery-white scaly coating found primarily on the elbows, knees, sacral region and scalp. It appeared in the literature that it is linked to a specific difficulty in recognizing and expressing the feelings of one's own and others, a discomfort that expresses itself primarily on the body. In their body image, people with psoriasis have an alteration and this affects the quality of life. Psychological issues, such as depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and various conditions, such as states of strong worry, stress and low self-esteem, also tend to be correlated with psoriasis as well as other dermatological disorders. In conclusion, in a combined procedure to ensure a better quality of life for the patient, this complex of mental and physical conditions illustrates the need for a multidisciplinary approach to treating both physical and emotional disorders. The goal of the work is to explore the psychological dimensions and effects of psoriatic patients, in particular issues related to emotional control and speech.

Author (s) Details

Mento Carmela
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Psychiatric, University of Messina, Psychiatric Unit Policlinico Hospital Messina, Italy.

Clara Lombardo
Psychiatric Unit Policlinico Hospital, Messina, Italy.

Nicholas Ian Whithorn
University of Messina, Italy.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCMS-V8/issue/view/3