Water Quality Parameters, Dissolved Mineral Levels, and Psoriasis Healing Effects: A Specific Study of Pokhara, Nepal Hot Spring | Chapter 5 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 2

The current study comprised a specific study of water quality parameters and dissolved mineral levels to assess the therapeutic and toxicity states of the hot spring water in a locale of Pokhara, Nepal countryside. People take baths and soak in the hot spring to heal from allergic and fungal ailments, arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders and different skin diseases. The hot spring water bath was reportedly found useful towards healing and relief from itchy skin allergic rashes, and persisting skin disorders but the prolonged soakers of the hot spring also complained the adverse effects such as dandruff, skin blister, dry and inflamed skin, ooze and crust. The hot spring baths were found to impart good healing and relieving effects against psoriasis but the mild skin burn and dandruff were the common side effects. The water quality parameters and mineral levels data above the acceptable range for recreational and swimming purposes showed the necessity of technical moderation to sustain the acceptable levels of hot spring minerals and water quality parameters. The unsuitability of hot spring water for drinking, soaking in and recreational swimming purposes was shown by higher than accepted values of alkalinity (700 ppm), total suspended solids with the size of at least 2 µm (TSS) (50 ppm), total dissolved solids (TDS) (650 ppm), turbidity (13 NTU), soluble carbonate (150 ppm), soluble chloride (250 ppm), surface tension (72.98 Dynes cm-1) and total hardness (880 ppm). The hot spring water showed correspondence to safe utility in terms of the levels of nitrate (undetectable), iron(II) (<0.3 ppm, undetectable), iron(II) (<0.3 ppm, undetectable) and aluminum(III) (<0.3 ppm, undetectable). The healing effects of the hot spring water against musculoskeletal disorders and fungal ailments were found to be associated with its high sulphate level at 400 ppm. The hot spring could be developed as consistently a sulphate-rich spring useful for balneotherapy, wellness and spa tourism, with proper attenuation of water quality parameters and mineral levels at a level of acceptance.

 

Author (s) Details

Hari Sharan Adhikari
Institute of Engineering, Pashchimanchal Campus, Department of Applied Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal.

 

Kedar Nath Dhakal
Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.

 

Rameshwar Adhikari
Institute of Engineering, Pashchimanchal Campus, Department of Applied Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal and Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v2/3910

Recreation: A Panacea for Youths Restiveness in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria | Chapter 12 | Selected Topics in Humanities and Social Sciences Vol. 8

 Most of our nation's unrest stems from the Niger Delta conflict. Improving the condition of living of the inhabitants of the Niger Delta region requires immediate action. They would remain restless and reliant on what they cannot obtain through unlawful methods if this were not the case. The federal government's initiative to give people a sense of belonging by establishing the Niger Delta Ministry is commendable, and it is hoped that if the goal is faithfully achieved and youths engage in recreational activities, it will go a long way toward reducing restiveness among the youth in the region. Oil corporations that conduct explorations on their land and water, according to the communities, have paid little attention to their complaints. As a result, this study focuses on the Oil Mineral Producing Areas Development Commission, the notion of recreation, the motivation for recreational pursuits, and the significance of recreation in reducing youth restlessness. It determined that youngsters spend their leisure time engaging in unhealthy activities and advised, among other things, the supply of recreation facilities, oversight of recreation facilities and equipment, and the hiring of recreation professionals to effectively administer the programmes and facilities.

Author(S) Details

Muhammad, Sanusi Abdul
Department of Physical and Health Education, School of Science, College of Education, Minna, Nigeria.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/STHSS-V8/article/view/4776