Innovative Approach of Novel Drug Delivery System | Chapter 5 | Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 7

 

Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) stand out as a transformative approach, offering precise, efficient, and targeted drug delivery. These systems leverage nanoscale materials and structures to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs while minimising side effects. NDDS are advanced formulations or technologies designed to optimise the delivery of drugs in the body, ensuring maximum therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects. Novel drug delivery technologies have emerged as a transformative approach in modern medicine, aiming to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems. These technologies address challenges such as poor bioavailability, non-targeted delivery, and toxicity. This book chapter explores various types of novel drug delivery systems. It also discusses modern tools such as for modern drug delivery include nanoparticle, Niosome, polymeric systems, liposomes, Erythrocyte, films, strip, implant and prodrug. It also discusses stimuli-responsive systems and biodegradable carriers. It discusses their mechanisms of action, advantages, applications in cancer, neurological disorders, gene therapy, and vaccines, and examines the challenges and future perspectives in the field. With advancements in these technologies, the potential to revolutionise treatment paradigms is significant, improving therapeutic outcomes and patient quality of life. The future of drug delivery lies in the development of advanced systems that can target specific diseases, release drugs in a controlled manner, and minimise side effects. Continued research and innovation will be crucial to fully realising the potential of these technologies in clinical settings.

 

Author(s) Details

Shubham Shende
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institutes of Pharmaceutical Science, Sage University, Indore, MP-452020, India.

 

Gaurav Goyanar
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institutes of Pharmaceutical Science, Sage University, Indore, MP-452020, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v7/5958

Commercial Uses of Different Lipid-Based Nanovesicles in Current Scenario | Chapter 9 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 5

 

Nanoparticles have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional methods in various fields, including the pharmaceutical industry. They have been used to preserve drugs with potential therapeutic benefits, find new uses for old medicines, and deliver biopharmaceuticals. Despite the advancements in drug delivery systems, conventional methods often face significant challenges, including poor solubility, limited bioavailability, and systemic side effects. These limitations hinder the effective delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic therapeutic agents, resulting in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Lipid-based nanovesicles (L-NVs) have emerged as a promising solution to these challenges, offering enhanced stability, targeted delivery, and improved therapeutic efficacy. However, the transition of L-NVs from laboratory research to commercial application is fraught with regulatory hurdles, manufacturing complexities, and the need for rigorous safety and efficacy assessments. This chapter introduces the extensive range of L-NVs currently available, focusing on the latest generation of non-liposomal L-NVs, and highlighting their similarities and differences.

 

Author(s) Details

Shibangi Mukhopadhyay
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

Nidhi Agrawal
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

Meenakshi Jaiswal
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

S.K. Lanjhiyana
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

Alpana Ram
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

Rashmi Dewangan
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

Rajkumar Sironiya
Department of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 495009, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v5/1816

Advanced Drug Delivery Systems: Innovations and Applications in Modern Pharmacy | Chapter 10 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 6

Recent advancements in drug delivery systems have revolutionized the field of pharmacy, providing new avenues for targeted and controlled drug release. This chapter explores cutting-edge technologies in drug delivery, emphasizing passive and active targeting mechanisms, as well as stimuli-responsive systems. The chapter explores the design, benefits, and challenges of these advanced drug delivery systems. It discusses how these technologies improve therapeutic efficacy, minimize side effects, and enhance patient compliance. Furthermore, it addresses the current limitations and future directions of research in this field, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to overcome obstacles and develop innovative solutions. By providing a comprehensive overview of these advanced systems, this chapter serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners aiming to optimize drug delivery strategies for better clinical outcomes.

 

Author (s) Details

Venkatalakshmi Ranganathan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science &Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Fazeela Mahaboob Begum S.M
School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Santhosh Venkatesan
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science &Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Mohamed Suhail Rahamathullah
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science &Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Akeela Farsana Barakkathulla
Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science &Technology, Chennai-600048, India.

 

Sasikala Chinnappan
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v6/2346

Vesicular Nanocarriers in Transdermal Drug Delivery| Chapter 2 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 7

Nanocarriers are advanced materials at the nanoscale, designed to enhance drug delivery. Their ability to transport both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs is vital, as hydrophobic drugs often struggle with solubility and bioavailability. Nanocarriers improve these aspects by protecting drugs from degradation and facilitating their transport through the bloodstream. Despite their benefits, challenges such as potential toxicity, especially from inorganic nanomaterials, require careful consideration. Advances in protein-based nanocarriers, which are biocompatible and biodegradable, show promise in overcoming these challenges. In transdermal drug delivery, nanocarriers like liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, and others, enhance drug penetration through the skin's barriers, improving therapeutic efficacy. However, issues like skin barrier penetration, cytotoxicity, and carrier stability remain areas for ongoing research. As this field evolves, nanocarriers hold significant potential to revolutionize drug delivery by offering targeted, sustained release with minimized systemic toxicity.

 

Author (s) Details

T. Praveen Kumar
Department of Pharmaceutics, Anurag Pharmacy College (Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad), Kodad, Telangana, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v7/2489

Increased Transfollicular Absorption of Liposomal Sepia Melanin Enhancedd by Dilatation of Follicular Infundibulum by Microneedling | Chapter 3 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 1

The skin represents an important barrier to the penetration of exogenous substances into the body and also a potential route for the transport of functional active principles into the skin and hair. Encapsulation of chemicals in liposomes and microneedling are currently used techniques to enhance the penetration of several substances through skin and hair. The objective of the study is to study the transfollicular penetration of sepia melanin encapsulated in nanoliposomes (Melaser solution, Sesderma, Valencia, Spain) applied with a new microneedling electrical device on an ex vivo model of human skin. In this study, a liposomal melanin–fluorescein compound to an ex vivo model of human skin, using a new electrical microneedling device (Nanopore turbo roller), has been applied. The product was applied by hand massage (A) or with the assistance of the electrical roller for 2 minutes (B). An additional test was performed free of product and with only the E-roller (C). Histological changes and product absorption were evaluated by optical and fluorescent microscopy 60 and 90 minutes after the treatment. The clinical study protocol was prepared, reviewed, and approved by the General Hospital of Valencia Ethics Committee. Site B showed larger deposits of melanin–fluorescein at superficial and deep levels of hair structures in comparison to site A. Light, epidermal deposits of the melanin–fluorescein complex were also observed. Sites B and C showed a significant widening (47%) of the follicular infundibulum which could explain the increased penetration of the formulation. Microneedling also removed the scales and sebum residues in the neighborhood of the infundibulum. Targeting hair follicles with melanin may be useful to dye poorly pigmented hairs, improving laser hair removal. The procedure accelerates the delivery of melanin into hair structures allowing an even absorption, larger pigment deposits, and deeper penetration of the formulation into the hair. The study recommended that the procedure will significantly reduce the application time of the melanin solution from weeks to minutes, as well as increase the amount of product deposited in the deeper hair structures, reducing the cost of the hair-removal procedure.

 

Author (s) Details

 Gabriel Serrano
Clínica Dermatológica Serrano, Grabador Esteve 24, 46004 Valencia, Spain.

 

Patricia Almudéver
Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Spain.

 

Juan M Serrano
Research and Development Department, Sesderma Laboratories, Valencia, Spain.

 

Julio Cortijo
Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Spain.

 

Carmen Faus
Clínica Dermatológica Serrano, Grabador Esteve 24, 46004 Valencia, Spain.

 

Magda Reyes
Clínica Dermatológica Serrano, Grabador Esteve 24, 46004 Valencia, Spain.

 

Inmaculada Expósito
Research and Development Department, Sesderma Laboratories, Valencia, Spain.

 

Ana Torrens
Research and Development Department, Sesderma Laboratories, Valencia, Spain.

 

Fernando Millán
Clínica Dermatológica Serrano, Grabador Esteve 24, 46004 Valencia, Spain.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v1/2622

Natural Products in Drug Discovery | Chapter 7 | Natural Products Chemistry: From Discovery to Applications, Edition 1

Natural goods have long been a potent source of medications since they include several structurally distinct bioactive compounds with medicinal qualities. A significant proportion of effective pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics and anticancer agents, originate from natural products sourced from plants, microorganisms, and marine organisms. This abstract emphasizes that natural products remain a valuable source of lead compounds, as their unique chemical structures can inform the development of enhanced synthetic alternatives. Extraction, isolation, and synthesis techniques continue to evolve, while synthetic biology is advancing, rendering natural products essential for the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals.

 

Author (s) Details

Deepanshu Ran
Department of Microbiology, School of Lifesciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Balawala, Dehradun-248161, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Keshari Nandan
Department of Chemistry, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar-249404, Uttarakhand, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48388-70-4/CH7

Comprehensive Review on Drug-Loaded Niosomes: A Promising Nanocarrier-based System | Chapter 2 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 10

Vesicular drug delivery systems, niosomes are currently innovative delivery systems that encapsulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs into the core and the bilayer of these niosomes. Niosomes are composed of non-ionic surfactants and differ from traditional liposomes by having chemical stability and smaller drug leakage. Targeted drug delivery with enhanced therapeutic efficiency is achieved, as well as a reduction in side effects and increased drug presence at the target site. Preparation of niosomes, their types, advantages and drawbacks are discussed in this review.

 

Author (s) Details

 

V. Himabindu
Department of Pharmaceutics, Anurag Pharmacy College (Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad), Kodad, Telangana, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v10/3271

Liposomal Vaccines: Recent Advances in Vaccine Delivery Systems| Chapter 11 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 Liposomal vaccines are by artificial means prepared microscopic vesicles containing a lipid bilayer which can epitomize vaccines for various diseases. Liposomes play an main role in vaccine growth as vaccine carrier busses for many diseases like sickness, hepatitis, influenza and various cancers. The hydrophilic compounds like proteins, peptides, haptens, and deoxyribonucleic acid can be incorporated inside the inner aqueous scope of the liposomal vesicles, whereas the hydrophobic compounds like antigens, something which incites activity and linker molecules can be ascribed to the phospholipid bilayer or to the liposome surface by chemical linking. This phase focuses primarily on liposomal vaccine electronics regarding the traits, stability, methods of readiness, applications, advantages and difficulties of liposomal vaccines.

Author(s) Details:

V. Ashok,

Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India.

P. J. Padmini,

Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, SIMATS Deemed University, Chennai, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V3/article/view/11244

Determination of Improved Efficacy and Stability of Silymarin Loaded Nanocochleates Over Liposomes for the Treatment of Skin Diseases | Chapter 10 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 6

 Aim: The anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and membrane-stabilizing properties of silymarin, a complex polyphenolic component mixture, are being studied in a variety of dermatological disorders. The goal of this study is to see if silymarin-loaded nanocochleates and liposomal topical treatment can help with chronic skin conditions.

The purpose of this study was to create and assess Silymarin-loaded liposomes, as well as to optimise the process. Conversion of these liposomes into nanocochleates for better drug entrapment, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity against HaCaT cell lines, and short-term stability investigations.

Design Expert software was used to develop and optimise silymarin-loaded liposomes and nanocochleates. To compare their performance, different invitro and exvivo experiments were used.

Methodology: Liposomes were created by injecting ethanol into them, then trapping them with calcium chloride to form nanocochleates. Nanocochleates were optimised using a design of experiments (32 Factorial Design). To compare efficacy and stability, cell line experiments (HaCaT cell lines) and short-term stability tests were conducted.

Results: Nanocochleates outperformed liposomes in terms of particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug deposition in Wistar Rat Skin, demonstrating their superiority. Both carriers maintained silymarin release for 24 hours. Nanocochleates had a considerable antimicrobial activity against E.coli and S.aureus. The superiority of nanocochleates over liposomes was established by their ability to inhibit excessive proliferation of HaCaT cell lines (a crucial mechanism by which most antipsoriatic medications work). Nanocochleates also had superior stability than liposomes, owing to lower drug entrapment efficacy and leakage.

Conclusion: Nanocochleates containing silymarin could be an effective topical drug delivery technology for chronic skin conditions such as psoriasis.

Author(S) Details

Rukhsana Rub
Department of Pharmacognosy, STES’s Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Kondhwa(Bk), Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University,Pune-411048, India.

Neha Munot
Department of Pharmaceutics, STES’s Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Kondhwa (Bk), Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411048, India.

Akshay Wadate
Department of Pharmaceutics, STES’s Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Kondhwa (Bk), Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411048, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V6/article/view/5162

Nano Liposome: Tools for Target Drug Delivery | Chapter 12 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 8

 Liposomes are spherical artificial vesicles that can be made from natural phospholipids and cholesterol in nanoscale. Liposomes are spherical Micro- or Nano-sized particles with an interior water pool and a bilaminar membrane around them. Phospholipid molecules, or a mixture of phospholipids with sterols, such as cholesterol, or with other surface-active substances, are the membrane's building blocks. Liposomes are nanoscale spheroid vesicles with an aqueous core encased by one or more lipid bilayers. Thin-film hydration, reverse phase evaporation, and microfluidic mixing are all ways that can be used to make liposomes. Because of its interaction with corneocytes, the intracellular lipid, liposomal preparations diminish roughness, resulting in skin softening and smoothing. Liposome-based products are available for face and body care, make-up, mascara, and foundation, haircare, sunscreen products, and scents.

Author (s) Details

Biswaranjan Ray
Department of Pharmacology, CPS, Puri, Odisha, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V8/article/view/2215

Liposome as Mucoadgesive Systems for Delivery Echinochrome-Carrageenan Complex | Chapter 9 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 2

The incorporation of drugs in liposomes provides the potential for delivery to mucosal surfaces on a localized and sustained basis. Liposomes are lipid vesicles which contain or incorporate into their shell an aqueous solution of the active substance in their inner space. The inclusion of the echinochrome A carrageenan matrix ((Ech) - the active substance of the drug Histochrome) in liposomes has been studied. Ech was not oxidized according to spectral characteristics and maintained stability after encapsulation in the liposomes and the lyophilization process. The loading of liposomes with a negatively charged polysaccharide results in an increase of the zeta potential to more negative values (from -14.6 to -24.4 mV), which, along with an increase in liposome sizes (from 124.7 to 2.2 to 159.3 to 5.8 nm), implies the development of a polymer coating on liposomes. The DLS and SEM methods determined the interactions of liposomes with porcine stomach mucin. As a consequence of the interaction of liposomes with mucin, changes in the zeta-potential and size of the mucin particles were observed. A fresh-frozen inner surface of the pig's small intestine as a model of mucous tissue was used to determine the mucoadhesive properties of liposomes and the penetration of Ech into the mucosa. There are very strong mucoadhesive properties in polysaccharide-coated liposomes; 50 percent of Ech remains on the mucosa.

Author (s) Details

V. I. Gorbach
G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.

V. P. Glazunov
G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.

V. N. Davydova
G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.

I. M. Yermak
G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 100 Let Vladivostoku Prosp., 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V2/issue/view/16