A Study on the Use of Vitrification–Dehydration Method as a New Protocol for In-vitro Cryopreservation of Date Palm Shoot Tip Cultivars | Chapter 4 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 6

 

Over the past 40 years, scientists have developed and tested a range of cryopreservation techniques for preserving plant cells and tissues, but the routine storage of plant germplasm other than seeds in liquid nitrogen (LN) is a relatively new practice. The main objective of this study was to collect and preserve the germplasm of the date palm cultivars in vitro. This study evaluated the in vitro preservation and genetic stability of date palm shoot tip explants using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the medium for long-term storage. This study was conducted using two data palm cultivars ‘Khalass and Sukari’. Shoot tip explants of about 2-3 cm in length were excised from in vitro cultures and were transferred to preservation media. The genetic similarity was calculated using the average linkage between groups. The results showed that the highest rates of survival (80%) and recovery (75%) were observed with 1.2 M sucrose. To determine the effect of vitrification on freezing tolerances, cultures were exposed to a solution that dissolved the glaze for 60-80 minutes. The maximum survival rate obtained with exposed cultures was 85%. RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) was used to explain the differences in the genetic characteristics of cryogenic tissue cultures and non-cryogenic tissues of date palm. Both were similar to the germinated date palm in the open field. Finally, the cryopreserved plants were able to adapt to free-living conditions after acclimatization. All aspects will contribute to the improvement of the currently available techniques for the in vitro germplasm conservation of date palms. RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) was used to explain the differences in the genetic characteristics of cryogenic tissue cultures and non-cryogenic tissues of date palm. Both were similar to the germinated date palm in the open field.

 

Author (s) Details

Heba Allah A. Mohasseb
Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Department of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v6/1917

Comprehensive Review on Drug-Loaded Niosomes: A Promising Nanocarrier-based System | Chapter 2 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 10

Vesicular drug delivery systems, niosomes are currently innovative delivery systems that encapsulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs into the core and the bilayer of these niosomes. Niosomes are composed of non-ionic surfactants and differ from traditional liposomes by having chemical stability and smaller drug leakage. Targeted drug delivery with enhanced therapeutic efficiency is achieved, as well as a reduction in side effects and increased drug presence at the target site. Preparation of niosomes, their types, advantages and drawbacks are discussed in this review.

 

Author (s) Details

 

V. Himabindu
Department of Pharmaceutics, Anurag Pharmacy College (Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad), Kodad, Telangana, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v10/3271

Determination of Physicochemical Parameters and Structural Elucidation of Crab-shell Chitosan, and Antioxidant Activity Study of Oligochitosan-encapsulated Crab-shell Chitosan | Chapter 7 | Novel Aspects on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 7

 Chitin acquired after demineralization and deproteinization of pulverized crab structures was deacetylated in strictly salty medium of caustic soda to yield extreme molecular weight nano-lucid crab-shell chitosan (HMWNC) accompanying Mw of 350 kDa, 71% DDA, particle proportion of 76 nm, 7.4% moisture content and 1% ruins content. The current work involved encapsulation of marketing chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) with average Mw < 3000 Da and 87% DDA in HMWNC, and aforementioned an encapsulation of COS as a pharmaceutical ingredient into HMWNC was completed activity to bring about an augmentation in bioavailability of COS in target containers. This was revealed by greater in vitro antioxidant venture of HMWNC encapsulated chitosan oligosaccharide (COS-HMWNC) on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals (IC50 = 512.6±14.4 μg/mL) than COS and HMWNC accompanying less than 50% inhibition at 1000 μg/mL. The antioxidant t endeavor was found to increase accompanying the decrease in molecular burden and increase in DDA. The encapsulation of COS molecules in HMWNC was establish to provide accompanying a facile habit of enhancement in the antioxidant activity of COS.

Author(s) Details:

Hari Sharan Adhikari,
Department of Applied Sciences, Pashchimanchal Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal.

Aditya Garai,
Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.

Bishnu Prasad Marasini,
Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tribhuvan University, Naya Bazar, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Rameshwar Adhikari,
Research Center for Applied Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal and Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Paras Nath Yadav,
Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NACB-V7/article/view/11965

Production of Synthetic Seed from Encapsulated Nodal Segments of Giloe (Tinospora cordifolia Willd.)| Chapter 11 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 2

Tinospora cordifolia (Cordifolia Tinospora) (Willd.) Miers, also known as giloe, is a plant that belongs to the Menispermaceae family and is used for medicinal purposes, mainly in Ayurveda to treat various ailments.

Standardization of encapsulation matrix and hardening solution concentrations impacting the frequency of germination of Tinospora cordifolia synthetic seeds recorded by efficient plantlet regeneration

Plant Tissue Culture & Genetic Transformation Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India, conducted the current study from 2017 to 2020.

Encapsulation of nodal segments of Tinospora cordifolia removed from 18-month-old in vitro generated plants for short-term conservation and future propagation was acknowledged as a method. For a steady supply to meet ever-increasing needs and sustainable resource exploitation, conservation techniques must be employed. To maximise amalgamation and create homogeneous beads, several concentrations and combinations of the gelling matrix, sodium alginate, and the complexing agent, calcium chloride, were used.

2.5 percent sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride were found to be the optimal gelling composition. Murashiage and Skoog's medium, supplemented with 2.0 mgl-1 BAP and 0.2 mgl-1 NAA, yielded the highest conversion rate of encapsulated beads. Hardened, acclimatised, and established regenerants were hardened, acclimatised, and established in net house conditions before being monitored in the field.

The process for producing syn seeds in giloe (Tinospora cordifolia) was standardised in this study. Through artificial seed production, the current technology offers a viable tactic for multiplication, conservation, and germplasm exchange.

Author(s) Details:

Sonali Singh,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002, M.P., India.

M. K. Tripathi,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002, M.P., India.


Sushma Tiwari,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002, M.P., India.

Niraj Tripathi,
Directorate of Research Services, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, M. P., India.

G. Tejovathi,
VISM Group of Studies, Gwalior, 474002 M.P., India.

Ashok Ahuja,
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002, M.P., India.

Sharad Tiwari,
Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, M.P., India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V2/article/view/6697