A Study on the Use of Vitrification–Dehydration Method as a New Protocol for In-vitro Cryopreservation of Date Palm Shoot Tip Cultivars | Chapter 4 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 6

 

Over the past 40 years, scientists have developed and tested a range of cryopreservation techniques for preserving plant cells and tissues, but the routine storage of plant germplasm other than seeds in liquid nitrogen (LN) is a relatively new practice. The main objective of this study was to collect and preserve the germplasm of the date palm cultivars in vitro. This study evaluated the in vitro preservation and genetic stability of date palm shoot tip explants using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the medium for long-term storage. This study was conducted using two data palm cultivars ‘Khalass and Sukari’. Shoot tip explants of about 2-3 cm in length were excised from in vitro cultures and were transferred to preservation media. The genetic similarity was calculated using the average linkage between groups. The results showed that the highest rates of survival (80%) and recovery (75%) were observed with 1.2 M sucrose. To determine the effect of vitrification on freezing tolerances, cultures were exposed to a solution that dissolved the glaze for 60-80 minutes. The maximum survival rate obtained with exposed cultures was 85%. RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) was used to explain the differences in the genetic characteristics of cryogenic tissue cultures and non-cryogenic tissues of date palm. Both were similar to the germinated date palm in the open field. Finally, the cryopreserved plants were able to adapt to free-living conditions after acclimatization. All aspects will contribute to the improvement of the currently available techniques for the in vitro germplasm conservation of date palms. RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) was used to explain the differences in the genetic characteristics of cryogenic tissue cultures and non-cryogenic tissues of date palm. Both were similar to the germinated date palm in the open field.

 

Author (s) Details

Heba Allah A. Mohasseb
Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Department of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v6/1917

Optimizing a Sustainable and Cost-effective DNA Extraction Method from Dry Date Palm Leaves | Chapter 4 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 2

Palm date Phoenix dactylifera L. is considered a vital economic fruit tree in Iraq, where its cultivation is of great importance. The extraction of DNA from palm tissues poses significant challenges due to the plant's tough tissue structure and high levels of phenolic and polysaccharide compounds, which hinder DNA isolation efficiently. This study presents an effective method for DNA extraction using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) without the need for liquid nitrogen. A simple and reliable protocol has been developed for isolating DNA from the leaves of six different varieties of palm dates. The resulting DNA showed high concentration and purity, ranging from 567.6 to 1047.1 ng/µL, and 1.82-2.00 nm, respectively. The quality of the extracted DNA was verified using four SSR-PCR markers, which produced 61 clear bands. Our results indicate that this modified CTAB-based method is highly suitable for extracting DNA from palm date tissues without the need for liquid nitrogen, providing a simplified and effective approach for molecular biology applications in date palm research, and this advancement facilitates more accessible and efficient genetic studies of date palms and potentially other plant species with similar extraction challenges.

 

Author (s) Details

Ahmed Yousef Lafta Hzaa
Department of Marine Biology, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Iraq.

 

Aqeel Hadi Abdulwahid Al-Amiry
Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural, University of Basrah, Iraq.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v2/1994

Molecular Identification of Bayoud Disease Resistance in Algerian Date Palm Cultivars Using Plasmid-Like DNAs | Chapter 4 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 1

The most lethal disease affecting the North African date palm is Bayoud. Bayoud disease of the date palm (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis) is a vascular disease caused by a soil fungus. Twenty-one Algerian date palm cultivars (20 females and 1 male) in addition to 6 genotypes of Deglet Nour were assessed for resistance (R) and susceptibility (S) to Bayoud disease using molecular markers. Specifically, the use of two circular plasmid-like DNAs (R and S plasmids) as molecular markers allowed us to detect the R cultivars. Among the 21 cultivars, we found that Baâret ljmal is resistant. In conclusion, the composition of the cytoplasmic environment plays a role in resistance and some techniques enable the establishment of a preliminary list of Algerian date palm cultivars that are resistant or susceptible to Bayoud disease.

 

Author (s) Details

 

A. Guettouchi
Department of Sciences of Nature and Life, Faculty of the Sciences, University Mohamed Boudiaf, M’sila 28000, Algeria.

 

N. Haider
Departement of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus P.O. Box 6091, Syria.

 

I. Nabulsi
Departement of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus P.O. Box 6091, Syria.

 

N. Ykhlef
Laboratory of Genetics, Biochemistry and Vegetal Biotechnologies, Faculty of the Sciences, University Mentouri, Constantine, Algeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v1/4664