Marital Adjustment and Its Dimensions among Single-working Couples and Dual-working Couples | Chapter 3 | Current Progress in Arts and Social Studies Research Vol. 1

Aim: Marriage is a way of life, in reality. It's not always sunshine and flowers, but for it to work, both sides need to be prepared to adapt. Most families are having a very hard time adjusting to the increasing number of families with two workers, especially when it comes to the marriage relationship. The present study aimed to examine the gender differences and correlation in marital adjustment and its dimensions among single-working couples and dual-working couples between 25 to 45 years of age range. It is a comparative study of marital adjustment of couples from urban and rural areas.

Methodology: A total of 400 couples from Lucknow city were studied including 200 single-working couples and 200 Dual-working Couples. The standardised tool of the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire developed by Kanchana Rohatgi and Pramod Kumar was used in the study. The data was statistically analysed by the SPSS 20 version that used the F test and Correlation Matrix.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant gender difference in emotional, social and sexual dimensions of marital adjustment among single and dual-working couples. It also revealed that there is a significant correlation between emotional adjustment and social adjustment, sexual adjustment and emotional adjustment. It also revealed an interesting finding that dual-working couples have better marital adjustment than single-working couples and there is no such difference in marital adjustment of couples from rural and urban areas.

Conclusion: Better marital adjustment takes place with better emotional, social and sexual adjustment in married life. However, there is a negligible role of ethnicity in marital adjustment.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Dr. Raksha Singh (PhD Completed in 2023)
School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Babu Banarasidas University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cpassr/v1/3151G

 

A Review on Ethnicity and Type 2 Diabetes in Pacific Adults in New Zealand | Chapter 12 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 

This review presented ethnic characteristics of type 2 diabetes in Pacific Island adults in New Zealand. Diabetes mellitus is one out of four non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which represents a set of metabolic disorders with chronic hyperglycaemia due to defects of insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. If left untreated or undiagnosed, diabetes mellitus leads to confusion, coma, or death due to ketoacidosis. Pacific Island people in New Zealand with a specific Polynesian phenotype originate from the islands in the Pacific Ocean such as Samoa, the Cook Islands, Tonga, Niue, Tokelau, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Kiribati, Fiji, Solomon Islands, Nauru, and French Polynesia. Therefore, they may have similar genetic and cultural origins. Pacific Island populations were attracted to New Zealand by the prospect of employment and were welcomed as a solution to workforce shortages in unskilled and semi-skilled occupations. About 42% of the Pacific population live in the 10% most deprived areas of the country, with poorer housing and overcrowding, which suggests that the incidence of diabetes is higher for people living in the most deprived areas, compared with people living in the least deprived areas. Socioeconomic inequalities, low education and unemployment create remarkable psychological distress. Changes in diet rich in sugars, tobacco use, and harmful use of alcohol have resulted in a profound reduction in physical activity and increased obesity rates in adults and children. The “thrifty genotype” hypothesis can explain the current increase in the prevalence of obesity in New Zealanders of Polynesian descent.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are major challenges for Pacific Island adults, and they still have comparatively higher rates of obesity (68%) and diagnosed diabetes (13%), ten years earlier than any other ethnic group in New Zealand. Overweight and obesity have been linked to lower serum 25-OHD concentrations, impaired insulin action, glucose metabolism, and various metabolic processes in adipose and lean (muscle) tissue. Central or visceral fat is more metabolically active than subcutaneous fat, causing dysmetabolism of fatty acids and increased influx of free fatty acids into the splanchnic circulation. Besides storing fat, adipose tissue releases molecules commonly referred to as adipokines which may support β- cell failure and the development of type 2 diabetes in Pacific people. Antihypertensive and anti-lipid (statin) therapy was lowest among Pacifica people. The blood levels of triglycerides were the lowest in the Pacific population. However, HbA1C was significantly higher among Pacific people than among Māori, who had higher HbA1C than New Zealand Europeans. Interestingly, as a group, Pacific Island populations are neither hyperinsulinaemic nor insulin-resistant using HOMA-IR. This Polynesian phenotype is linked to the metabolic disorders of gout and type 2 diabetes mellitus, due to the presence of visceral obesity owing to its strong association with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

 

Author(s)details:-

Dr. Ljiljana M. Jowitt
Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Health Studies, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rudhr/v8/704

Marital Adjustment and Its Dimensions among Single-working Couples and Dual-working Couples | Chapter 3| Current Progress in Arts and Social Studies Research Vol. 1

 

Aim: Marriage is a way of life, in reality. It's not always sunshine and flowers, but for it to work, both sides need to be prepared to adapt. Most families are having a very hard time adjusting to the increasing number of families with two workers, especially when it comes to the marriage relationship. The present study aimed to examine the gender differences and correlation in marital adjustment and its dimensions among single-working couples and dual-working couples between 25 to 45 years of age range. It is a comparative study of marital adjustment of couples from urban and rural areas.

Methodology: A total of 400 couples from Lucknow city were studied including 200 single-working couples and 200 Dual-working Couples. The standardised tool of the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire developed by Kanchana Rohatgi and Pramod Kumar was used in the study. The data was statistically analysed by the SPSS 20 version that used the F test and Correlation Matrix.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant gender difference in emotional, social and sexual dimensions of marital adjustment among single and dual-working couples. It also revealed that there is a significant correlation between emotional adjustment and social adjustment, sexual adjustment and emotional adjustment. It also revealed an interesting finding that dual-working couples have better marital adjustment than single-working couples and there is no such difference in marital adjustment of couples from rural and urban areas.

Conclusion: Better marital adjustment takes place with better emotional, social and sexual adjustment in married life. However, there is a negligible role of ethnicity in marital adjustment.

 

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Dr. Raksha Singh (PhD Completed in 2023)
School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Babu Banarasidas University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cpassr/v1/3151G

Marital Adjustment and Its Dimensions among Single-working Couples and Dual-working Couples| Chapter 3 | Current Progress in Arts and Social Studies Research Vol. 1

 Aim: Marriage is a way of life, in reality. It's not always sunshine and flowers, but for it to work, both sides need to be prepared to adapt. Most families are having a very hard time adjusting to the increasing number of families with two workers, especially when it comes to the marriage relationship. The present study aimed to examine the gender differences and correlation in marital adjustment and its dimensions among single-working couples and dual-working couples between 25 to 45 years of age range. It is a comparative study of marital adjustment of couples from urban and rural areas.

Methodology: A total of 400 couples from Lucknow city were studied including 200 single-working couples and 200 Dual-working Couples. The standardised tool of the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire developed by Kanchana Rohatgi and Pramod Kumar was used in the study. The data was statistically analysed by the SPSS 20 version that used the F test and Correlation Matrix.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant gender difference in emotional, social and sexual dimensions of marital adjustment among single and dual-working couples. It also revealed that there is a significant correlation between emotional adjustment and social adjustment, sexual adjustment and emotional adjustment. It also revealed an interesting finding that dual-working couples have better marital adjustment than single-working couples and there is no such difference in marital adjustment of couples from rural and urban areas.

Conclusion: Better marital adjustment takes place with better emotional, social and sexual adjustment in married life. However, there is a negligible role of ethnicity in marital adjustment.

Author(s) Details:

Dr. Raksha Singh,
School of Humanities & Social Sciences, Babu Banarasidas University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPASSR-V1/article/view/14879

A Multi-factorial Analysis of the Factors Affecting Elementary Students’ Interest in Physical Education Considering Students’ Ethnicity and Gender | Chapter 5 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 4

 Background: Student attitudes toward education are of great concern to educators around the world. Fostering Student’s positive interest in physical education is of great concern in academia. More importantly, the rationale as to why one would maintain a positive interest in physical education is of concern. These topics have been widely researched. However, the comparison of gender and ethnicity as it relates to students’ interest in physical education is a novel investigation. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the relationship between elementary student’s interest in physical education considering gender, ethnicity, curricular and teacher influences, and student’s perceived competency.

Methods: Participants included 99 fifth-grade elementary school students (62 males, 37 females). Participant selection was conducted by utilizing 6 intact physical education classes from a single culturally diverse elementary school. Racial and ethnic distribution for fifth graders consists of 54.69% Caucasian, 37.50% African American, and 2.34% Hispanic, 4.69% Asian, and .78% Multicul¬tural. The Physical Education Interest Questionnaire was the instrument used for this study as well as open-ended questions for qualitative analysis [1]. Statistical analysis was done to analyze the collected data.

Results: Findings indicated that students, regardless of ethnicity and gender, maintained a positive interest in physical education. However, male students maintained greater interest in physical education than female students, irrespective of ethnicity. Caucasian students maintained significantly higher interest than other ethnicities. Perceived competence had the most effect on students’ overall interest. Answers to open-ended questions supported these results.

Conclusion: Although this study identified that a positive interest in physical education regardless of the subjects’ gender and ethnicity existed, future instructors must consider teaching non-mainstream individual fitness activities to students. This would lead to increased individual perceived competency and continued positive interest in physical education. The study suggests that future adults need to be encouraged to continue to be physically active throughout life not only while they are young, thus reducing the obesity epidemic plaguing our society.

Author(s) Details:

John D Hatten,
Keiser University, United States.

James C Hannon,
Kent State University, United States.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V4/article/view/14001

Examining the Attainment Gap in Academic Performance of Minoritised Ethnic Groups for a STEM Related Subject, Discrete Mathematics | Chapter 5 | Recent Research Advances in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 7

This study addresses the attainment gap in academic performance for students of minoritised and non-minoritised ethnicity, studying Discrete Mathematics, an undergraduate university level module, whereby an investigation of the effect of an intervention in one of the assessments is undertaken and statistically analysed. Education that is inclusive is essential for the development of a more equitable society; a crucial component of education systems that seek to enhance educational quality and equity for all students.  There is a notable achievement difference in the educational system between students from minority ethnic backgrounds and their peers, and the attainment gap experienced by UK higher education students is cause for concern. The varied academic achievement of these groups is known as attainment, and the pupils from Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic populations have all experienced setbacks due to institutional bias, financial disadvantage, and cultural barriers. However, there are obstacles to putting this strategy into practise, such as the need for suitable pedagogical techniques and assistance for students from different ethnic circumstances. Creating inclusive teaching methods in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects that consider the linguistic and cultural diversity of the student is necessary to address these hindrances. Higher educational institutions can contribute to reducing the achievement gap for minoritised ethnic groups and fostering greater equity and social mobility by encouraging the teaching and study of modules in a responsive manner. Continuous analysis and study on the discrepancies faced by the students at their institutions should be performed to reduce this gap whilst promoting diversity. Moreover, a comparison over two academic years relative to the overall academic performance of students, considering the minoritised ethnic cohort, is accomplished so as to measure the approach’s validity. The results from the performance ratio, t-test, hypothesis testing, effect size, chi-squared test, categorical variable analysis and the Cronbach alpha measure, all feed into and confirm the reliability of the study hence validating the positive impact of the intervention. This study recognises that in order to pave the way forward and succeed in addressing fully the issue of the attainment gap, a post-racial approach must be taken, and a range of strategies must be considered at module, course and university level.

Author(s) Details:

Anastasia Sofroniou,
School of Computing and Engineering, University of West London, St. Mary’s Road, London W5 5RF, United Kingdom.

Bhairavi Premnath,
School of Computing and Engineering, University of West London, St. Mary’s Road, London W5 5RF, United Kingdom.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RRAASS-V7/article/view/14022

Association of IL-17A Gene Polymorphism and Its Influence on Serum IL-17A & IL-6 Levels in Diabetes with Chronic Periodontitis Patients | Book Publisher International

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine which involved in the regulation of host immune response in systemic and periodontal infection. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by Th-17 cells and activate neutrophils which lead to chemokine expression. IL-17& IL-6 cytokines are reported to be associated with inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, airway mucin secretion, asthma and type 1 & 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis.This study was done to find out whether there is any association between IL-17A & 6 cytokines and IL-17A gene polymorphism (Alleles) of chronic periodontitis in type 1 & 2 diabetes patients.This study was done on 359 subjects, and consists of 6 groups and these are group 1 which included of 28 patients from type I diabetes with periodontitis. The group-2 was patients from type 1 diabetes and without chronic periodontitis, there were 71 type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis in group 3 while 76 patients were included in group 4 and they had only type 2 diabetes. In the same way, there were total of 78 non diabetic patients in the group-5 with only chronic periodontitis. The last group 6 consists of nondiabetic patients and the sample size for this group was 78 patients and no one has periodontitis. The study showed that IL-17A polymorphism is significantly more associated with type 1 diabetes patients with chronic periodontitis (group-1). Individuals carrying the positive IL-17A genotype have greater risk for T1DM with periodontitis. IL-17A & 6 cytokines level used to identify the severity of the periodontal destruction with diabetes mellitus and It can consider as biomarker for disease activity.

Author(s) Details:

P. K. Sasikumar,
Department of Periodontics, JKKN Dental College and Hospital, JKKN Allied Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu, India.

Sheeja S. Varghese,
Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/AIGPIISIILDCPP/article/view/13257

Fostering a Culturally Responsive Classroom While Bypassing Social Status and Inequalities to Enhance Inclusiveness | Chapter 1 | Research Aspects in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 6

 Though many public hypotheses play a crucial duty in association and inside a school community, inspiration is an essential and necessary contained improving graduate date in some given school framework. Hence, it is main to accept the various friendly believes and prejudices while implementing a with regard to the welfare of mankind compassionate lecture room for teachers to establish a definite knowledge environment for undergraduates to boost date. For the new conceptual homeroom to function capably, teachers need a fair understanding of the ideas, plans and lies of students to practice great importance. Therefore, this study inquires to upgrade student date by bestowing significance to factors to a degree sophistication, ethnic background, gender, public views and professor self-reflective practices to reinforce great importance.

Author(s) Details:

Chris Mathew,
Faculty of Science, St Mary’s Coptic Orthodox College, Coolaroo, VIC 3048, Australia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAASS-V6/article/view/9489

Unpreventable Causes of Obesity: Genetic Factors and Susceptibility | Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 India is presently going through a rapid-fire health shift, with increase in rise of habitual conditions similar as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions, sleep diseases, liver conditions, arthritis, depression, cancer and numerous further. rotundity is among one of the leading factors for the development of these conditions. rotundity is on rising trend among all periods and ethnical groups, especially due to physical inactivity and increased energy input in excess of energy expenditure, leading to accumulation of body fat that can be averted. Other adjustable threat factors as socioeconomic status, sleep and numerous others also regard for rotundity and rotundity- related conditions but these factors still, aren't the only determinants of rotundity. Besides adjustable threat factors, there are someun-modifiable threat factors also similar as age, coitus, genetics, race, gravid weight and other molecular factors that may be responsible to some extent. With the global increase in frequence of rotundity and rotundity related conditions, it becomes important to have knowledge about the less given causes of rotundity so as to drop its rising trend so that we can apply applicable and more preventative and interventional strategies.

Author(s) Details:

Naveenta Gupta,
Department of Physiology,Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Sonia Garg,
Department of Physiology,Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Khushdeep Singh Arora,
Department of Physiology, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Harpreet Kaur,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V5/article/view/8438

Unpreventable Causes of Obesity: Genetic Factors and Susceptibility | Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 5

 India is presently going through a rapid-fire health shift, with increase in rise of habitual conditions similar as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions, sleep diseases, liver conditions, arthritis, depression, cancer and numerous further. rotundity is among one of the leading factors for the development of these conditions. rotundity is on rising trend among all periods and ethnical groups, especially due to physical inactivity and increased energy input in excess of energy expenditure, leading to accumulation of body fat that can be averted. Other adjustable threat factors as socioeconomic status, sleep and numerous others also regard for rotundity and rotundity- related conditions but these factors still, aren't the only determinants of rotundity. Besides adjustable threat factors, there are someun-modifiable threat factors also similar as age, coitus, genetics, race, gravid weight and other molecular factors that may be responsible to some extent. With the global increase in frequence of rotundity and rotundity related conditions, it becomes important to have knowledge about the less given causes of rotundity so as to drop its rising trend so that we can apply applicable and more preventative and interventional strategies.

Author(s) Details:

Naveenta Gupta,
Department of Physiology,Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Sonia Garg,
Department of Physiology,Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Khushdeep Singh Arora,
Department of Physiology, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Harpreet Kaur,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot‑151203, Punjab, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V5/article/view/8438

Study about Predominance of ERG‑Negative High‑Grade Prostate Cancers in African American Men | Chapter 4 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 The most common and well-documented genomic alteration in prostate cancer (CaP), the erythroid transformation-specific associated gene (ERG) fusion, causes altered expression of the ERG oncoprotein. The frequency of ERG is significantly lower in African American (AA) male tumors than in white American (CA) male tumors. Analysis of his ERG alterations at the genomic, transcriptional, and protein levels further suggested a lower frequency of her ERGs in AA-Cap compared with CA-Cap. Based on  preliminary results, this study focused on the increased association between ERG-negative status and high-grade prostate tumors in AA men. Representative whole-body prostate sections from a matched cohort of 63 AA and 63 CA men with Gleason scores of 4+3 and  8-10 were immunohistochemically analyzed for ERG oncoprotein. Analyzed. The striking finding of this study was that ERG expression was 3 times more likely to be present in the higher-grade index tumors of CA men compared to AA men (31 of 63 vs. 10 of 63 patients, respectively; P<0.0001). Even though the mechanisms underlying such disparities have not been identified, the current study, along with our previous findings, suggests that ERG typing may improve understanding of ethnic differences and future CaP targeted therapy.

Author(s) Details:

James Farrell,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA and Department of Urology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD-20889, USA.

Gavin Yetter,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA and Department of Chemistry, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD-21402, USA.

Indu Kohaar,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA.

Denise Young,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA.

Yongmei Chen,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA.

Jennifer Cullen,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA.

Inger L. Rosner,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA and Department of Urology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD-20889, USA.

Jacob Kagan,
Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Sudhir Srivastava,
Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

David G. McLeod,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA and  Department of Urology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD-20889, USA.

Isabell A. Sesterhenn,
Department of Genitourinary Pathology, Joint Pathology Center, Silver Spring, MD-20910 1290, USA.

Shiv Srivastava,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA.

Gyorgy Petrovics,
Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-20814, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V2/article/view/8217

The Influence of Christianity in Political Contests: A Perspective of the Seventh Day Adventist Church of Zambia | Chapter 4 | Research Aspects in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 1

 This chapter's goal is to evaluate the influence of the Seventh Day Adventist Church's (hereinafter SDA) Christian religious beliefs and practises on Zambia's developing democracy. In order to achieve this, it draws attention to the spiritual foundations that should ideally affect how SDA members participate in political voting. It also analyses secular elements that influence their civic activity as well as recent developments that have come to characterise SDA political activism. In this regard, the chapter emphasises the coexistence of politics, religion, and ethnicity in Zambia. On the basis of this, it makes the argument that secular influences on SDA members' political activity have progressively surpassed Christian impulses. The chapter analyses the 2021 election results in Zambia's Southern province, a bastion of the SDA Church, to substantiate this development. Thus, in order to provide clear and consistent advice, the chapter suggests, among other things, that the Church's teachings on members' involvement in politics be clarified as well as that their religious education on civic issues be adjusted.

Author(s) Details:

Lewis B. Chilufya,
Kwame Nkrumah University, Kabwe, Zambia

Oliver Magasu,
Kwame Nkrumah University, Kabwe, Zambia

Peggy M. Mutale,
Kwame Nkrumah University, Kabwe, Zambia

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAASS-V1/article/view/8113

South Sudan: The Conundrum of a Long-running Social Conflict | Chapter 2 | Insights into Economics and Management Vol. 12

 The crisis in South Sudan began in December 2013 as a result of political discontent between President Salva Kiir and his then-vice president, Riek Machar. The civil war in South Sudan dates back to 1955, when Sudan was engulfed in a deadly civil war that culminated in the country's independence from the Anglo-Egyptian administrations in 1956. When South Sudan gained independence from Sudan in 2011 after a referendum in which more than 98 percent of the population voted in favour of separation, the country became a case study for possible African secessions. The joy of freedom, however, faded swiftly, and was quickly replaced by brutal warfare. As a result, the study looked at the key reasons of the conflict and came to the conclusion that political discontent stemming from elite power struggles drove the violence. Furthermore, the report claims that blaming race as the root of the conflict is both deceptive and misguided. Instead of being the spark for violence, the current crisis in South Sudan has reignited ethnic identities and ideologies to unprecedented levels. The unreasonable ambition for political power and control among the country's upper echelons has sparked a fresh surge of ethnic resentment in South Sudan. Although ethnicity is not considered to be the primary cause of the conflict, the study concludes that any viable solution to the conflict must provide incentives for fair ethnic and inter-ethnic representation and coalitions, given that the current situation has invigorated ethnic identities and sentiments in the country.

Author (S) Details

Timothy T. Kulang
Kampala International University, Kampala, Box 20000, Ggaba Road, Kansanga Kampala, Uganda.

Chidiebere C. Ogbonna
Department of Development, Peace and Conflict, Kampala International University, P.O.Box 20000, Kampala, Ugnada.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/IEAM-V12/article/view/2068

Current Perspectives on the Impact of Violent Crime on Obesity | Chapter 14 | New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 1

Dwelling in a violence-plagued neighborhood may amplify obesity by engendering psychological distress or by cultivating a sedentary, homebound lifestyle. This relationship is speculated to be especially relevant for black and Hispanic citizens because they are much more likely than whites to live in violence-beleaguered neighborhoods. Results from two multilevel analyses of 12,645 residents living in 34 New York City neighborhoods show that, while the violent crime rate does not have a direct effect on obesity, it does condition the relationships between race, ethnicity, and obesity. As the violent crime rate rises in a neighborhood, the probability of both a black and Hispanic resident being obese increases, controlling for both individual and neighborhood factors. The BMI of black and Hispanic residents is also higher in neighborhoods beset by violence. These findings suggest that violent crime may be a salient but unappreciated factor in explaining both racial and ethnic differences in obesity.

Author(s)  Details

 Lisa Stolzenberg
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA

Stewart J. D’Alessio
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.

 Jamie L. Flexon
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/204