Concept of Pangenome and Its Application in Crop Plants | Chapter 5 | Current Advances in Plant Science, Molecular Biology and Health Sector

 

With the advancement of Next Generation Sequencing technology, databases have increased exponentially, resulting in the development of a new discipline, Comparative Genomics. Again, with the wide use of Comparative Genomics, another new discipline has been developed to study the full genetic diversity of a species. The discipline is called Pangenome, which is a combination of three subjects, mainly Genomics, Computational Biology, including Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology. In simple terms Pangenomics is the study of all genetic diversity present within a species or strains of a genus. In the construction of Pangenomics, DNA sequencing is the most important. For this reason, the technique of DNA sequencing has been developed to a large extent.

 

Pangenome is constructed to compare easily with different strains or varieties of the same species or genus. The concept, discovery and application of Pangenomes in plants were discussed in this study. Plant genomes are dynamic with whole genome duplication, tandem duplication, transposable element duplication, chromosomal rearrangements or structural variations like deletion, inversion, translocation and recombination between species. Several methods have already been tried for the improvement of crop plants like Marker Assisted Selection (MAS), QTL mapping, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP), Copy number variations and Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) by comparing with Reference Genome Assemblies representing the genome sequence of the genome of an individual or organism. But the Reference genome is not able to locate all genetic variations of a species. To overcome this limitation, the concept of Pangenomes may help in crop improvement, which has been discussed. Pangenomic studies have already been done in many crop plants like Rice, Wheat, Maize, Brassica, Soybean, etc. Some of these aspects were discussed. It is important to note that eukaryotic organisms are complex, with certain traits encoded not only by DNA but also by various forms of RNA. While pangenome analyses have already delivered significant benefits in crop science, incorporating both DNA and RNA sequencing into a complete pangenomic model may unlock even greater potential, not just in plant science, but also in animal and human genomics.

Author(s) Details

Professor Satyesh Chandra Roy
Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study for Cell and Chromosome Research, University of Calcutta, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-989371-7-9/CH5

 

Teacher Education in Indian and Global Perspectives | Book Publisher International

Teacher education plays a pivotal role in shaping the quality of education worldwide. This abstract provides an overview of teacher education from both Indian and global perspectives, highlighting key similarities, differences, challenges, and innovations.

 

In India, teacher education faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, outdated curriculum, and a shortage of qualified faculty. Despite these challenges, efforts are being made to reform teacher education through initiatives like the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) and the integration of technology into teaching practices.

 

Globally, teacher education is undergoing transformations to meet the demands of the 21st century. There is a growing emphasis on fostering critical thinking, creativity, and technological proficiency among educators. Additionally, international collaborations and exchange programs are enriching teacher training by exposing educators to diverse pedagogical approaches and cultural perspectives.

 

Common themes in both Indian and global contexts include the need for continuous professional development, mentorship programs, and the integration of practical teaching experiences into pre-service training. Furthermore, there is a recognition of the importance of addressing socio-cultural factors and promoting inclusive education to ensure equitable learning opportunities for all students.

 

 

In conclusion, while there are unique challenges and approaches to teacher education in India and globally, there is a shared commitment to enhancing the quality of education through effective teacher preparation. By leveraging best practices and fostering collaboration across borders, teacher education can better equip educators to meet the evolving needs of learners in the 21st century.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Dr. Reena Rai
School of Education and Skill Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University of Social Sciences, MHOW, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-974774-3-0

Recent Discovery of Octolasion Species in Leh-Ladakh, Union Territory, India Represents a Cosmopolitan European Species | Chapter 7 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 2

The collections of Octolasion cyaneum and O. tyrtaeum in Leh-Ladakh, India expand the global range of this genus.  This paper also discusses the range of all 5 species of Octolasion and the taxonomic issues regarding O. lacteum and O. tyrtaeum.

Author(s) Details:

John Warren Reynolds,
Oligochaetology Laboratory, 9-1250 Weber Street East, Kitchener, ON Canada N2A 4E1 and Research Associate, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, NB, E2K 1E5, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V2/article/view/14137

An Overview of the Diversity of Aquatic Insects in Assam, North-East India | Chapter 6 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 7

India is one of the world's mega-biodiversity hotspot nations. The country is one of the world's 17 Mega biodiverse countries, accounting for 7-8% of all documented species. A class of arthropods known as aquatic insects can be found on or on the surface of lacustrine or riverine ecosystems where they complete their life cycle in water bodies. Eight main insect orders live their whole lives in the freshwater habitat. Aquatic insects are a taxonomically varied, ecologically significant, and fascinating collection of creatures found in Lentic freshwater systems. They are recognised to play an important role in nutrient processing and cycling since they are classified as shredders, filter feeders, deposit collectors, and predators. The functioning of aquatic ecosystems is greatly influenced by aquatic insects. The current study aims to examine the relative abundance of insects in various microhabitats of the study site Assam and the North Eastern States of India. A significant diversity of aquatic insects, which is indicative of the strength and abundance of the aquatic ecosystem, may be found in the northeastern section of India and various parts of Assam. In most of the research sites, it was discovered from the entire study that insects from the orders Odonata, Hemiptera, and Coleoptera were most prevalent, followed by those from the orders Diptera and Ephemeroptera. The order Coleoptera accounted for 59% of all known aquatic insect species. The studied locations are discovered to have the least number of insects from the Orders Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Hymenoptera, and Collembola. In Northeast India and several parts of Assam, there were no records of aquatic insects from the Orders Neuroptera/Megaloptera and Lepidoptera.

Author(s) Details:

Danswrang Basumatary,
Department of Zoology, Kokrajhar Govt. College, Kokrajhar, Assam, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V7/article/view/13338

Addressing the Financial Burden of Diabetes Patients in India: Future Health Strategies | Chapter 32 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 In India diabetic people are estimated to come to near about 8 crores by 2030.The total yearly economic burden by diabetics on their treatment was, on average, 10,000 INR in urban areas and 6260 INR in rural areas. A survey in India during the years 2008 and 2009 found that total costs for patients without complications were 4493 INR compared to14,692 INR for patients with severe complications. The present review article highlights diabetes treatment ruins the ruler as well as urban people of India. The Government of India implemented Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) a health insurance scheme, under this facility BPL families get protected from health expenses up to 30,000 INR expending load in the rural as well as urban inhabitants of India.

Author(s) Details:

Pappu Kumar Paswan,
Department of Commerce, B. M. College Rahika Madhubani, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12750

Ecological Investigations Pertaining to Aquatic Vegetation in two Ponds Situated within the Municipal Jurisdiction of Sidhi (Madhya Pradesh), India | Chapter 19 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 The paper focuses on a study conducted during the 2017-2018 period in two Nagarpalika areas within the Sidhi district of Madhya Pradesh. The research explores aquatic weeds and their ecological characteristics. A total of 36 weed species were identified across the wetlands. Notably, species such as Eichhornia crassipes, Ipomoea aquatica, Typha angustifolia, and Hydrilla verticillata were consistently present in both ponds throughout the entire year.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

I. P. Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Prabha Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12466

Research Conducted on Aquatic Macrophytes and their Importance in Gopaldas Pond Located in Sidhi Municipal Area, Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 18 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 This chapter focuses on the study of aquatic macrophytes and their importance in the Gopaldas pond of Sidhi municipal Area, Madhya Pradesh, India. The pond exhibits a rich variety of plant species, leading to vigorous macrophyte growth. Some of these macrophytes in the pond serve beneficial purposes for humans and domestic animals. Given that macrophytes significantly contribute to pond productivity, this research primarily centres around this aspect.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

I. P. Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Prabha Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12465

Ethnobotanical Research on Plants Utilized in Traditional Medicine for Treating Diabetes in the Gondwana Region of the Vindhyan Area in Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 17 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 This chapter focuses on the investigation of medicinal plants utilized for treating diabetes in the Gondwana region of the Vindhyan area in Madhya Pradesh, India. The study concentrates on districts like Sidhi, Shahdol, Umaria, and Anuppur. The paper provides descriptions of various plants, including their botanical and common names, family, growth habits, habitats, and the specific plant parts employed for managing sugar levels in humans.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Prabha Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

I. P. Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12464

Ethnomedicinal Plant Studies in Sidhi District, Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 16 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 Ethnomedicinal information from District Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh, India, has been provided. The list includes plants utilized by rural and tribal communities, arranged alphabetically by their botanical names. Each entry includes the plant's family, local name, and the ailments it's used for. A comprehensive total of 90 species, spanning 45 families, has been catalogued.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Prabha Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

I. P. Prajapati,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12463

Study of Vegetation Structure and Species Diversity in Kusmi Forest, Sidhi District, Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 13 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 A study was conducted in the Kusmi forest of District Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh, India, analysing the vegetational structures across different strata: trees, shrubs, and herbs. A total of 738 woody individuals from 14 species were recorded in random quadrats covering a 0.25-hectare area. Shorea robusta exhibited the highest stem density and Importance Value Index (IVI). All species displayed a clumped distribution pattern. Trees occupied a basal area of 20.39 m² per hectare. The species richness and diversity of shrubs and herbs exceeded that of trees. Given the presence of various anthropogenic disturbances, immediate conservation efforts are warranted.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Shivnandan Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Shagufta Parween,
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Bhopal (M.P.), India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12460

Research on the Floristics of Kusmi Forest in Sidhi District, Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 12 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 An investigation was conducted to study the existing floral composition in Kusmi Forest, located in Sidhi (Madhya Pradesh). The choice of the present area of Kusmi Forest for this floristic study was driven by its lack of attention towards its vegetation. The forest's vegetation was characterized as dry deciduous, thorny scrub type. A total of more than 135 plant species, representing over 49 families, were examined. Among these families, Caesalpiniaceae and Mimosaceae stood out as the most dominant. This publication provides the first-ever comprehensive floristic information about the tree flora present in Kusmi Forest.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Shivnandan Patel,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12459

Research on the Mural Flora of Sidhi City in Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 7 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 

The current chapter discusses the mural floristic composition of Sidhi city, Madhya Pradesh. A total of 60 mural plants were documented, including bryophytes and pteridophytes. The angiospermic mural flora comprised 51 genera from 29 distinct families. Additionally, two bryophyte species and two pteridophyte species were also observed in the study.

Author(s) Details:

Vivek Kumar Singh,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12454

Studies on the Wall Flora of Sidhi District, Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 6 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 The wall flora constitutes a fascinating assemblage of stress-tolerant plants adept at thriving in substrates lacking proper nutrients. These walls serve as havens for species seeking sanctuary. In doing so, both rural and urban walls contribute significantly to the preservation of rare and endangered plants. However, certain species that settle on walls can inflict harm upon structures, necessitating their removal. The current study, encompassing the wall flora across five principal zones of Sidhi district, has documented a remarkable tally of 28 species spanning 24 genera and 16 families. Upon scrutinizing the flora through the lens of the supporting wall types, intriguing findings have emerged. Among the five distinct wall categories investigated, cemented brick walls have supported the greatest number of species, totalling 27. This research on wall flora holds paramount importance as it not only unravels numerous enigmas related to plant adaptation but also imparts invaluable insights for landscape planning. Moreover, it aids in safeguarding historic edifices, particularly those of cultural significance, and monuments.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Vivek Kumar Singh,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12453

Research Pertaining to the Agricultural Biodiversity in Relation to Conservation and Sustainable Development of Traditional Crops of Kusmi Block of Sidhi District of Madhya Pradesh, India | Chapter 3 | Recent Trends in the Study of Botanical Research Volume - 1

 Agricultural biodiversity serves as a reservoir facilitating the advancement of novel and progressive crop varieties. It is incontrovertible that agricultural biodiversity assumes a pivotal role in addressing not only our sustenance requirements but also our broader material necessities. Within the realm of agricultural biodiversity, an extensive genetic reservoir is conserved, furnishing a robust foundation for augmenting food outputs in the context of burgeoning populations within distinct microclimatic habitats. In tandem with enhancing production, the inherent variability inherently safeguards against pestilence and other maladies. The elemental requisites for human sustenance are readily procurable via the conduit of agricultural biodiversity. Moreover, the role of agricultural biodiversity extends to the equilibrium preservation of the ecosystem. Hence, in addition to its multifarious advantages, it mitigates geopolitical insularity. Ergo, the preservation of agricultural biodiversity emerges as an imperatively requisite pursuit for ensuring food availability, fostering sustainable progression, and safeguarding the reservoir of genetic diversity within the region. The present chapter is an attempt to discuss the agricultural biodiversity of Sidhi District, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Author(s) Details:

Mohammad Salim,
S.G.S. Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Vivek Kumar Yadav,
Kamla Memorial College Sidhi (M.P.), A.P.S. University, Rewa, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTSBR-V1/article/view/12450

Food Processing Sector in India and Its Role in Livelihood Generation | Chapter 5 | Current Perspectives in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 6

 The book affiliate intends to present the current scenario of meat processing sector in India accompanying special devote effort to something Assam which is a North Eastern state of the country. Food processing area though considered as potential growth diesel of the nation because of various factors, yet it has not provided significantly owing to few bottlenecks. The chapter more highlights the present sketch of food processing in India, Government action for growth of the sector accompanying various objectives focus different portions. The SWOT analysis of the food alter sector in India presented in the episode throws light on different outlook including the responsibility of worried agencies in addition to the food processors for growth of the subdivision.  Role of the regulatory body for foodstuff safety and quality control in the foodstuff processing units again finds place in the chapter.

Author(s) Details:

Mayuri Bora,
All India Coordinated Research Project on Women in Agriculture, Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13, Assam, India.

Anubhuti Baruah,
Department of Extension and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13, Assam, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPAFS-V6/article/view/12343

Forest Cover and Its Management: A Study in Indian Perspective | Chapter 2 | Novel Perspectives of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 9

This item conducts a statewise analysis of the extent of jungle cover in India for the past two decades to devote effort to something the level of implementation of various jungle conservation procedures. India has diverse kinds of woods which offer an colossal potential for crucial ecosystem aids, rural financial growth and sustainable incident. However, these ecosystems are endangered by deforestation. Moreover, as India has emphasized on the Joint Forest Management (JFM) as a radioactivity of forest procedures after 1988, this article still studies the importance and the current position of fund allocation of JFM schemes as a potential partnership model expected to aid better implementation of policies. Our reasoning reveals that Indian states have substantial jungle cover, some of that has been lost on account of various reasons over ancient times years in some domains. In order to combat such woodland cover loss, there is immediate need to enforce steps to sustainably safeguard forest ecosystems. Along with the governments, the miscellaneous stakeholders need expected involved in such preservation efforts. The JFM concede possibility be encouraged more so that in addition to better fund allocation skilled should be efficient use of aforementioned funds.

Author(s) Details:

Pia Ghoshal,
Post Graduate Department of Economics, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata 700016, West Bengal, India.

Aniruddha Banerji,
Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata 700016, West Bengal, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPGEES-V9/article/view/11623

A Comparative Radiological Analysis of Patellar Height Indices from Digital Radiography in the Northern and Eastern Regions from India | Chapter 1 | New Advances in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 8

 Introduction: Patella climax measurement is used to study patella biomechanics, physiopathology of knee ailments and preparation of Deformity correction resection or Total Knee Arthroplasty. Patellar indices variables disagree due to semantic, fundamental, and functional dissimilarities amongst populace from different domains, making the implementation and worldwide uniformity of indices troublesome, moreover dossier from subcontinent is lacking. We judged Patellar Height Indices in Northern and Eastern Indian Population to study the ethnical and morphological distinctnesses.Aims: To equate patella Alta and Baja occurrence, concordance among patellar indices among Northern and Eastern Indian state and investigate either classical limits of IS percentage applies to Eastern Population.Methods: Prospective multicenter study from June’2014 and December’2022 to study patellar height characterization using IS, MIS, BP,CD and PPA. Results: 1702 body part radiographs in 900 inmates. Incidence of Patella Alta and Baja was 29.4% and 19%. TL, PL and PL1 were 3.34 +/- 0.75 cm, 4.23 +/- 0.45 cm and 2.14 +/- 0.72 cm respectively. Mean IS percentage was 1.46 (SD-0.32). IS higher in women (1.28 vs 1.25, p<0.01). Mean CD index was 1.12 (SD-0.40), Mean BP index was 0.82 (SD-0.38) and Mean PPA was 280 (SD-0.67). Sensitivity for Patella Alta and Baja was BP>CD>PPA>MIS>IS and PPA>BP> CD>IS respectively.Conclusion: Patella Alta and mean IS percentage larger in Eastern India than Northern population and Central India, Chinese, Emirati and Western peoples. IS ratio is less appropriate to eastern populace. We propose IS range: 1.14-1.78 in Eastern India community and approve use of BP, PPA with IS for a inclusive patellar height create a likeness in a picture.

Author(s) Details:

Amit Dwivedi,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Nishit Palo,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Govind Narayan Choudhary,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Tushar Tyagi,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Aditya Singh,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Aditya Agarwal,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Avishkar,
PG Department of Orthopedics, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAMMS-V8/article/view/11069

How Common is Gender Stereotyping among Rural Adolescents? : A Study from Western Maharashtra | Chapter 2 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 10

 The present stage assessed stances toward women, gender standarding, and gender biases between rural juveniles. Gender stereotyping plays a vital part in vocational selections. Stereotyping is "An oversimplified perception or birth, especially of men or social groups”.We attended a cross-sectional study on 826 rural teenagers from Sept. 2016 to Aug. 2017. Statistical Analysis used explanatory statistics, the u.s. city-square, and the Mann-Whitney U tests.The mean age of 826 participants was 13.99 years, accompanying 297 (36%) males. There was a meaningful correlation betwixt all the scales and gender (p<0.05), with better stances among women. The participants were more inclined have a positive view toward women (83.9%) and have a definite view toward crime against daughters (79.1%). However, the majority of them had manlike bias (58.6%) and gender standarding (54.6%).  Even though adolescents had a more certain view of women generally, masculine bias is still a serious issue.

Author(s) Details:

Vivek Baliram Waghachavare,
Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College & Hospital, Sangli, India.

Girish Bhimrao Dhumale,
Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College & Hospital, Sangli, India.

Jitesh Hanmantrao Kadam,
Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College & Hospital, Sangli, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V10/article/view/10673

GISAID-Clade and Pangolin Lineage Wise Distribution Patterns of COVID-19 Virus, in India| Chapter 1 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 6

 Transmissible coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), conceived a universal universal situation because the last of 2019 and has outspread widely earlier. Where India was the second most affected country and 3rd in death rate around the planet. At present, we resolved the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 fervid genomes in India to know the mutative patterns of viruses in the country through their pangolin lineage and GISAID-Clade. We derived a total of 2189 full-length SARS-CoV-2 vigorous genomes from various states of India from the EpiCov warehouse of the GISAID initiative on 12 June 2020. We noticed that a total of 66 pangolin lineage and 9 GISAID-Clade were established in Indian territory. The most main lineages and clades in India as predicted by Pangolin ancestry and GISAID-Clade genome sequences were B1, B6, B1.1.7, B.1.617.2, B1.36 and B1.1.306, G and GR, individually. Out of fifteen states of India, maximum lineage variety i.e., 63.64% of ancestry was found in Maharashtra; further, all types of GISAID-Clades found in India were again present in Maharashtra. Whereas, the lowest ancestry and GISAID-Clade diversity were noticed in West Bengal. Because the pandemic is still arising, the observation needs expected monitored.

Author(s) Details:

Ankur Halder,
Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata-700160, West Bengal, India.

Sk. Saruk Islam,
Department of Zoology, Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women's College, Medinipur, 721102, West Bengal, India.

Sk. Nasim Ali,
Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.

Mehebub Sarwar Hossain,
Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata-700160, West Bengal, India.

Sujoy Midya,
Department of Zoology, Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women's College, Medinipur, 721102, West Bengal, India.

Sk. Md. Abu Imam Saadi,
Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27, New Town, Kolkata-700160, West Bengal, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V6/article/view/8597

Hong Kong SAR, China and BRI’s Globalization: A Review | Chapter 9 | Research Developments in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 6

 

 This article takes a gander at the distinctions and similitudes among globalization and the job of China on globalization specifically for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China (HKSAR). This article depends on research, perusing, interviews on globalization during numerous years and the writer distributed a book on the BRI in 2020. In correlation with the BRI, Hong Kong is a restricted space which was somewhat lofty monetarily; however the Shanghai Financial Center, opened of late on 28 August 2008 is a special spot in Mainland China ready to be contrasted at present with Hong Kong which as a significant monetary starting around 1970 arose as one of the fundamental worldwide monetary focuses situated in East Asia. At present after New York and London comes Shanghai Financial Center before Hong Kong. China's Globalization called OBOR in 2013, was supplanted by the BRI (Belt and Road Initiative) in 2017. This is a key worldwide new Silk Road for China and Asia, yet additionally for Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (China), Macau (China), Australia, Africa, South-East Asia specifically, and nations in Latin America like Bolivia and Venezuela. The new globalization of the century called Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a novel and worldwide method for helping the economy of China and reevaluate the Maritime and Land Silk Road of China which is 2000 years of age. The HKSAR's contribution in the Greater Bay Area isn't completely perceived. Macau is especially huge since it was the primary place of globalization in the sixteenth 100 years. China, the world's second biggest economy, is really a worldwide country, with Chinese individuals living on all mainlands. The job of the Chinese Internet is additionally critical. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a piece of the Greater Bay Area. China is currently making BRI, the century's new globalization.

 

Author(s) Details:

Jean A. Berlie,
Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDASS-V6/article/view/7868