Screening of New Developed Variety-Cross Hybrids and Resistance of Pearl Millet Hybrids to Four Isolates of Downy mildew (Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.) Shroet.) | chapter 1 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 Pearl millet is the only reliable source of food for many of the people living in the arid zones of India and Africa. This crop originated in tropical western Africa around 4500 years ago. Downy mildew is the most calamitous disease of pearl millet. Resistance to the pathogen is required to guarantee a stable harvest. Eight Open Pollinated Varieties belonging to two putative heterotic clusters were used to generate 16 variety-cross hybrids during the 2012 dry season in the INRAN station of Kollo. Pot-grown seedlings of parents, hybrids, and checks were inoculated with four isolates of Sclerospora graminicola under glasshouse conditions at the ICRISAT Centre in Sadoré. The analysis of data was carried out using GenStat to sort out the difference between plant genotypes and isolates. The isolates collected from different fields in Niger were not different from each other. The four isolates in contact with the parental OPVs as well as with the variety-cross hybrids incited similar mean disease incidence due to the related genetic makeup of both kinds of germplasm. Still, the isolate from Maradi showed the highest level of pathogenicity. Twelve hybrids and six parents were resistant over the 4 isolates with a mean disease incidence of less than 10%. Gamoji, one of the central varieties in the breeding program showed its highest disease incidence with the isolate from Maradi. Ex-Borno the highest resistant variety to the oomycete attack would be a good source of downy mildew tolerance under Niger growing conditions. Souna-3 and HKB showed the lowest General Combining Ability for the disease incidence. The hybrids Ankoutess x Souna-3 and Moro x HKP-GMS had the best Specific Combining Ability for disease resistance. There was a prevalence of additive gene action in terms of the inheritance of the resistance, also affected by epistatic effects. The resistant parents will be used for further pearl millet breeding activities. Because pearl millet constitutes the most important staple food particularly in Niger, screening for disease resistance should continue to identify valuable new germplasm, inbred lines, or else.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Issaka Ahmadou

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Niger.

Ofori Kwadwo

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Gracen Edward Vernon

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana and Cornell University Ithaca, USA.

Danquah Yirenkyi Eric

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v2/261

Field Studies on Insect Pest of Pearl Millet in Sudan, the Millet Head Miner Heliocheilus albipunctella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) | Chapter 5 | Research Highlights in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

 This branch describes the verdicts of field studies conducted in Kordofan State (Sudan) having to do with ecological limits of the millet head miner, Heliocheilus albipunctella (DE JOANNIS, 1925), which is a main pest on gem millet, (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. BR). The results documented that in the on-station, El-Obeid region, the moths appeared engaged earlier in August, that is, on 14/8/93, while at Abu Zabad location came into view on 23/8/93. The moths disappeared earlier in September, that is, on 18/9/93 in the first location and on 23/8/93 and 4/10/93, individually in the second location.The rise of moths of H. albipunctella from diapausing pupae in the laboratory happen in August, i.e. all the while the period from 26/8–1/9. No moths arose in the laboratory after that ending. The findings told that compact heads supported considerably fewer tunnels (P < 0.01), distinguished to loose almost compact heads. In conclusion, the appearance of the millet-wiggle, Heliocheilus during the moist season coincided with the course stage of the millet and its vanishing from the field with the adulthood of the crop. The oviposition sites recorded were the heads of millet only, no different oviposition site, and/or added plant parts were recorded.

Author(s) Details:

Eisa M. Ahmed,
Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Natural Resources & Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, P.O.Box 160, Elobeid-51111, Sudan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHAS-V4/article/view/8580

Morpho-physiological and Molecular Characterization of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Germplam Lines for Drought Tolerance | New Visions in Science and Technology Vol. 5

 The goal of this study was to see if there was any genetic variation among different pearl millet germplasm lines using a combination of drought-related morpho-physiological characteristics and SSR molecular markers. Study Design: 96 pearl millet germplasm lines were tested for drought resistance utilising morphological and physiological parameters as well as SSR markers in this study. The current study was carried out from July 2019 to December 2020 at the College of Agriculture, Gwalior, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India. The study's goal was to document several morphological and physiological features associated with drought resistance and susceptibility. In the lab, 35 microsatellite markers were utilised to examine the variability among the pearl millet genotypes under investigation. The genotypes of pearl millet were classified based on their morpho-physiological properties. Twenty-two of the 35 SSR markers were effectively amplified across all germplasm lines, with seven SSR markers being polymorphic and fifteen being monomorphic. As a result, all seven polymorphic SSR markers were employed to amplify all 96 germplasm lines. PIC values ranged from 0.0939 to 0.2980, with an average of 0.2274. The markers Xibmsp26 and Xibmsp29 (0.2980) had the highest PIC value, followed by Xibmsp03 (0.2392), Xibmsp29 (0.2392), Xibmsp06 (0.2289), and Xibmsp07 (0.1948). The marker Xibmsp01 had the lowest PIC value (0.0939). The average major allele frequency value was 0.8363, with a range of 0.7604 to 0.9479. The genetic diversity value ranged from 0.0987 to 0.3644, with a mean of 0.2665. Conclusions: A total of 22 pearl millet genotypes were discovered to be clustered distantly from the rest of the genotypes based on morpho-physiological data. These genotypes may be drought tolerant since they are linked to drought tolerant morpho-physiological features, although the majority of the genotypes were found to be drought vulnerable.

Author (S) Details

M. L. Choudhary

Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 (M.P.), India.

M. K. Tripathi

Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 (M.P.), India.

Sushma Tiwari

Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 (M.P.), India.

R. K. Pandya

Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 (M.P.), India.

Neha Gupta

Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 (M.P.), India.

Niraj Tripathi

Directorate of Research Services, JN Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, India.

Prerana Parihar

Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, RVS Agricultural University, Gwalior, 474002 (M.P.), India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVST-V5/article/view/4100

Mineral and Chemical Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.). R. Br.] of Cote d’Ivoire Grains’ Characterization | Chapter 12 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol.2

 

Ten Cote d’Ivoire pearl millet grain varieties representative of all pearl millet area production
were analyzed for their mineral and chemical properties. Water content ranged from 8.8 to
10.40%, ash content from 1.6 to 1.9 while protein content ranged from 6.45% (Cem 275)
to 9.9% (Cem 153). Mineral contents were: calcium (0.03-0.04%), phosphor (0.09-1.18%),
potassium (0.33-0.37), sodium (0.01-0.03%), magnesium (1.20-1.4 mg kg-1) and iron (62-105 mg
kg-1).

Author (s) Details

Marboua Bekoye Beninga
Centre National de Recherche Agronomique, Km 17, Rte de Dabou 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/252

Multiannual and Multisite Participative Assessment of Pearl Millet Varieties [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R; Br.] | Chapter 10 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol.1

 Participatory research approaches involving farmers in decision making processes help improve the

effectiveness of technology development, increase the speed of adoption and payoffs to agricultural
research. Here we implemented participatory varietal selection processes to identify and understand
smallholder farmers’ criteria for selection and adoption of new millet varieties in north zones. During
wet seasons of 1991-1997, traditional varieties together with improved millet varieties were evaluated
in on-farm trials in northeast, north center and northwest regions. Improved varieties were developed
in Ferkessedougou research station. Farmers’ preference criteria were: long panicles, good tillering,
high yielding with pest and disease resistance.

Author(s) Details

Marboua Bekoye Beninga
Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), km 17, Rte de Dabou 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Cote d’Ivoire.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/229