Screening of New Developed Variety-Cross Hybrids and Resistance of Pearl Millet Hybrids to Four Isolates of Downy mildew (Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.) Shroet.) | chapter 1 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

 Pearl millet is the only reliable source of food for many of the people living in the arid zones of India and Africa. This crop originated in tropical western Africa around 4500 years ago. Downy mildew is the most calamitous disease of pearl millet. Resistance to the pathogen is required to guarantee a stable harvest. Eight Open Pollinated Varieties belonging to two putative heterotic clusters were used to generate 16 variety-cross hybrids during the 2012 dry season in the INRAN station of Kollo. Pot-grown seedlings of parents, hybrids, and checks were inoculated with four isolates of Sclerospora graminicola under glasshouse conditions at the ICRISAT Centre in Sadoré. The analysis of data was carried out using GenStat to sort out the difference between plant genotypes and isolates. The isolates collected from different fields in Niger were not different from each other. The four isolates in contact with the parental OPVs as well as with the variety-cross hybrids incited similar mean disease incidence due to the related genetic makeup of both kinds of germplasm. Still, the isolate from Maradi showed the highest level of pathogenicity. Twelve hybrids and six parents were resistant over the 4 isolates with a mean disease incidence of less than 10%. Gamoji, one of the central varieties in the breeding program showed its highest disease incidence with the isolate from Maradi. Ex-Borno the highest resistant variety to the oomycete attack would be a good source of downy mildew tolerance under Niger growing conditions. Souna-3 and HKB showed the lowest General Combining Ability for the disease incidence. The hybrids Ankoutess x Souna-3 and Moro x HKP-GMS had the best Specific Combining Ability for disease resistance. There was a prevalence of additive gene action in terms of the inheritance of the resistance, also affected by epistatic effects. The resistant parents will be used for further pearl millet breeding activities. Because pearl millet constitutes the most important staple food particularly in Niger, screening for disease resistance should continue to identify valuable new germplasm, inbred lines, or else.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Issaka Ahmadou

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Niger.

Ofori Kwadwo

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Gracen Edward Vernon

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana and Cornell University Ithaca, USA.

Danquah Yirenkyi Eric

West African Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v2/261

Implication of rs1026611 in the MCP-1 Gene and V64I of CCR2 in Stroke among SCA Tunisian Patients: A Brief Study | Chapter 1 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol.10

 Sickle cell anaemia can lead to stroke, which is a serious and potentially fatal consequence. The underlying pathogenic process of SCA, namely the blockage of tiny capillaries by malformed sickled cells, makes strokes difficult to explain. We looked studied whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MCP-1 and CCR2 genes, alone or in combination, are linked to the development of Cerebrovascular Accidents (AVC) in SCA Tunisian patients. We looked studied whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MCP-1 and CCR2 genes, alone or in combination, are linked to the development of Cerebrovascular Accidents (AVC) in SCA Tunisian patients.

Methods and Materials: In this study, 100 SCA patients were included, 19 of them had AVC. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was used to make a clinical diagnosis of stroke (TCD). PCR/RFLP was used to genotype rs1026611 in the MCP-1 gene and V64I in the CCR2 gene.
Results: There was no link between the SNPs investigated and the prevalence of AVC in SCA Tunisian patients, according to our data.

Author(s) Details:

Leila Chaouch,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Miniar Kalai,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Manel Ben Jbara,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Imen Darragi,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Dorra Chaouachi,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Imen Boudrigua,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Raouf Hafsia,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Salem Abbes,
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia.

Please see the link here:  https://stm.bookpi.org/IDMMR-V10/article/view/5810

Line x Tester Analysis and Potential for Aluminum and Manganese Tolerance in an International Collection of Maize | Chapter 10 | Current Advances in Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 4

 Soil acidity is a limiting factor that has a major impact on maize yield and development. The aim of this research was to determine the breeding value of inbred lines and to assess the hybrid maize test-cross production in acid soil. A line x tester study involving 63 test-crosses formed by crossing 20 maize inbred lines with 3 testers and between testers themselves, as well as 1 standard search, was conducted in two contrasted regions with aluminium and manganese toxicity during the 2012 cropping season in Cameroon. A randomised complete block template of three replications was used to assess both acid and non-acid soil treatments with dolomitic lime. Seven hybrids were discovered that produced high grain yields (4.27 to 9.88 t/ha), had high specific combining capacity (SCA), and had a slow rate of yield loss, and were acidic soil resistant. Similarly, four inbred lines with strong general combining potential (GCA) were maintained as successful progenitors (ATP-46, 87036, and Cam Inb gp117, C4SRRA7). The GCA and SCA effects showed that genes with additive effects mediated resistance to aluminum toxicity, while genes with non-additive effects dominated on acid soil with manganese toxicity. However, a molecular characterization of the selected varieties would be needed for a possible extension.

Author (s) Details

Honoré Tekeu
Department of Plant Biology, University of Yaounde I, BP 812 Yaounde, Cameroon and Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.

Liliane N. Tandzi
Department of Agriculture, College of Basic and Apply Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O.Box 30, Legon, Ghana and Department of Crop Production Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon.

Eddy E. M. Ngonkeu
Department of Plant Biology, University of Yaounde I, BP 812 Yaounde, Cameroon and Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), BP 2123 Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Pierre F. Djocgoué
Department of Plant Biology, University of Yaounde I, BP 812 Yaounde, Cameroon.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CACB-V4/article/view/910