A Review on the Role of the Skin Microbiome and Oxidative Stress in Cutaneous Chronic Wound Pathogenesis | Chapter 3 | Microbiology and Biotechnology Research: An Overview Vol. 6

 

Cutaneous wounds occur when the skin is injured mechanically, chemically, or by extreme temperatures. Wound healing is a very complex process composed of several phases in which precise events occur, both temporally and spatially. However, when these processes go awry, biofilm-forming bacteria become installed in the healing tissue, and the patient has comorbidities, so the wounds do not heal and become chronic. In this review, we describe the importance of high levels of oxidative stress (OS) and bacteria from the skin microbiome in the initiation and development of chronic wounds. The skin microbiome is diverse in humans, and its composition is dependent on the environment in the specific areas of the body. OS is critical for wound healing as it stimulates the immune system to destroy pathogens and secrete cytokines and growth factors that stimulate healing. When OS levels become high in the wound, and the bacteria of the skin install themselves in the wound, chronicity ensues. However, neither OS nor the bacteria of the skin alone can initiate chronicity. However, when present together, chronic wounds develop. Given the complexity of chronic wound initiation, developing treatment for these wounds has been difficult. Based on current published findings, a potential approach to treating chronic wounds after debridement was recently proposed. It was proposed that it is important to treat the physiological problems related to the comorbidities these patients have prior to and during wound treatment. Patients should also be put on a diet that is rich in products that stimulate an increase in the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to ensure that the cells have sufficient energy to function, and is rich in α-tocopherol (Vit E) to decrease lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, and patients should also take antioxidants to reduce OS. Here, we also discuss the challenges of treating chronic wounds and offer a potential sequence of approaches to treating these wounds after debridement.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Manuela Martins-Green
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

 

Jane Kim and Klara Aziz
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mbrao/v6/6757