Oxidative stress contributes to numerous degenerative
diseases, making plant-derived antioxidants increasingly valuable for
therapeutic applications. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition
and antioxidant potential of Trichilia monadelpha leaf extracts, a West African
tree with reported medicinal properties. Leaves were extracted using maceration
with n-hexane and methanol solvents, yielding 2.4% and 3.2% respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed that the
methanolic extract contained alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac
glycosides, and terpenoids, while the n-hexane extract contained alkaloids,
terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides. Antioxidant activity was assessed at four
concentrations (0.25–2.0 mg/mL) using DPPH radical scavenging, ferric reducing
antioxidant power, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, with vitamin C as
the standard. The methanolic extract showed clear, concentration-dependent
antioxidant activity across all assays. Its DPPH IC₅₀ value was 2.584 mg/L
compared with 1.907 mg/L for vitamin C, and similar dose-dependent trends were
observed in the reducing and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, although with
lower potency than the standard. Pearson’s correlation indicated a stronger
association between phytochemical content and antioxidant activity in the
methanolic extract (r = 0.951). The n-hexane extract displayed minimal activity
(r = 0.560).
T. monadelpha leaves, especially the methanolic extract,
contain bioactive constituents with measurable antioxidant effects, supporting
their traditional use and highlighting the need for further isolation and
characterisation of the active compounds.
Author(s) Details
P. D. Clark
Department of Chemistry, Edwin Clark University, Kiagbodo, Delta State,
Nigeria.
E. Omo-Udoyo
Department of Chemistry, Edwin Clark University, Kiagbodo, Delta State,
Nigeria.
Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsrf/v6/6791
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