A Review on the Role of the Skin Microbiome and Oxidative Stress in Cutaneous Chronic Wound Pathogenesis | Chapter 3 | Microbiology and Biotechnology Research: An Overview Vol. 6

 

Cutaneous wounds occur when the skin is injured mechanically, chemically, or by extreme temperatures. Wound healing is a very complex process composed of several phases in which precise events occur, both temporally and spatially. However, when these processes go awry, biofilm-forming bacteria become installed in the healing tissue, and the patient has comorbidities, so the wounds do not heal and become chronic. In this review, we describe the importance of high levels of oxidative stress (OS) and bacteria from the skin microbiome in the initiation and development of chronic wounds. The skin microbiome is diverse in humans, and its composition is dependent on the environment in the specific areas of the body. OS is critical for wound healing as it stimulates the immune system to destroy pathogens and secrete cytokines and growth factors that stimulate healing. When OS levels become high in the wound, and the bacteria of the skin install themselves in the wound, chronicity ensues. However, neither OS nor the bacteria of the skin alone can initiate chronicity. However, when present together, chronic wounds develop. Given the complexity of chronic wound initiation, developing treatment for these wounds has been difficult. Based on current published findings, a potential approach to treating chronic wounds after debridement was recently proposed. It was proposed that it is important to treat the physiological problems related to the comorbidities these patients have prior to and during wound treatment. Patients should also be put on a diet that is rich in products that stimulate an increase in the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to ensure that the cells have sufficient energy to function, and is rich in α-tocopherol (Vit E) to decrease lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, and patients should also take antioxidants to reduce OS. Here, we also discuss the challenges of treating chronic wounds and offer a potential sequence of approaches to treating these wounds after debridement.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Manuela Martins-Green
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

 

Jane Kim and Klara Aziz
Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mbrao/v6/6757

 

Skin Microbiome a New Insight in Cosmetic Science-Future Aspects in Management of Skin Diseases and Maintenance of Healthy Skin | Chapter 4 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 10

 The human skin holds a diverse range of microorganisms that asserts local immune system in the carcass. An environmental condition like ultraviolet fallout also causes serious skin environments. Skin microbiome a new insight in beautifying technology for support of healthy skin and management of skin afflictions such as severe type acne and chronic skin afflictions which involve inflammatory skin environments like eczema, (atopic dermatitis), tingling, polymorphic light ejection, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The skin disorders created by UV Radiation are chronic swelling, immunological modulation, photoaging, skin tumor and skin tanning produced by sunburns, etc. Skin microbiota plays a meaningful role in upholding skin tone and directing skin diseases through incorporation of probiotics and prebiotics. Human corpse contains good and injurious microorganisms which maintain the skin microbiome by way of probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics. Probiotics and prebiotics contain companionable bacteria and hurtful bacteria present in the human body. Phototherapy a up-to-date treatment used to treat neoplastic skin environments including cutaneous T cell lymphoma and immunomodulators to uphold immunity in the carcass. This chapter leads an insight into a significant part of probiotics and prebiotics in the management of skin ailments, antioxidant properties, anti-instigative activity, antagonistic-aging, antagonistic-carcinogenic effects. In this phase, we describe and share the future facets on the potential advantages of novel treatment approaches that use bacteria, probiotics, and prebiotics as modulators of the skin diseases.

Author(s) Details:

R. Chandrasekar,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

B. Sivagami,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

M. Niranjan Babu,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

B. Dharani Rathna,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

B. M. Bhargav,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India

J. Tejovathi,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

K. Sowmya,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

M. Padmavathi,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Shaik Mohammad Shareef,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India

S. Diwakar,
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Chittoor, Andhrapradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V10/article/view/10675