The present study summarizes the possible exposure of infants to microplastics (MPs) as well as the detection of possible released MPs in infant feces, breast milk, and infant formulas. Microplastics are small plastic pieces with sizes less than 5 mm. People are in close contact with microplastics, which, due to their physical and chemical properties, have a negative effect on human health. Exposure to microplastics even in small amounts already in childhood can affect human health throughout life. The potential risks of microplastics may be greater for infants because they do not have sufficiently developed metabolizing enzymes, have less ability to remove microplastics, and have highly sensitive target organs. The specific behavior of children, such as crawling, hand—to—mouth movement, makes children more exposed to harmful substances than adults. Infants should be breastfed for the first six months of life. Breast milk is considered to be the most complete and suitable source of nutrition. However, if breastfeeding during this period is not possible, it is necessary to use formulas designed for infant initial feeding. Infants may be exposed to higher levels of microplastics through infant foods or plastic products.
It follows from the results of several studies,
polypropylene feeding bottles, plastic packaging for baby food and plastic toys
should be considered as potential sources of microplastics. Studies have found
that infant formula prepared in a polypropylene bottle releases up to millions
of microplastics. Polyamid content was higher in meconium than in placenta. The
amount of microplastics in feces was higher in children who used to suck
plastic toys.
There is still not enough data available for this study
area. Therefore, it is necessary to pay increased attention to minimizing the
negative effects of microplastics on human health. The microparticles, which
are created by the degradation of plastics, have spread to all areas of the
environment, with a negative impact on human health and the overall ecosystem.
Our review is based on scientific studies to clarify the extent of the presence
of microplastics in various aspects of life, including breast milk, baby
bottles, toys, and milk forms.
Author(s) Details:
Csilla Mišľanová,
Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Institute of
Nutrition, Slovak Medical University, 833 03, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Martina Valachovičová
Faculty of Nursing and Professional Health Studies, Institute of Nutrition,
Slovak Medical University, 833 03, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V6/article/view/14926
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