Interlinking Depression and Oral Health: A Public Health Perspective | chapter 1 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 9

 

Depression is one of the most common and disabling psychiatric disorders worldwide, and exerts a profound impact on physical, emotional, and social health. It is characterised by depressive symptoms such as relentless sadness, loss of interest in enjoyable activities, changes in appetite and weight, sleep disturbances or hypersomnia, fatigue or loss of energy, impaired concentration, feelings of guilt, and suicidal thinking. The aetiology of depression arises from a complex interplay of genetic, neurobiological, psycho-social and environmental factors. People who have experienced major life events, early life trauma, or chronic stress are most at risk. Recent studies provide compelling evidence that there is a strong yet overlooked link between depression and oral health. Patients with depression lead suboptimal oral health lives due to poor oral hygiene behaviours, unhealthy dietary habits, additional tobacco and alcohol use, and being less likely to seek dental care. Depression involves dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, systemic inflammation, immunosuppression, and the decrease of salivary gland function, which all increase susceptibility to oral sepsis, xerostomia and dental caries. Similarly, the reversed pathway of the relationship could be suggested, as poor oral health leads to psychological discomfort, poorer quality of life, and increased depression symptoms. The chapter is a summary of details regarding the epidemiology of the condition; classification of depression; biological and behavioural mechanisms involved with the relationship between depression and oral health, preventive measures for the condition & treatment strategies. It highlights the need for collaboration among dental and mental health workers who deal with the public health concern of the burden of Depressive Disorders. This study aimed to explore the association between depression and oral health by examining the different categories of depression, their impact on oral health, and recommended preventive measures to bridge gaps in awareness and care in this area.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Abdulhameed G. Albeshr
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Yazeed A. Alhabdan
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Ahmad M. Albanyan
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Alanoud M. Alanazi
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Duaa Obaidallah
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Maha Al-Aswad Al-Enezi
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Nora AlAgil
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Rand H. Almujel
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Abdullah F. Alhussain
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

May M. Aleraij
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Setah T. Alanazi
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Shadyah E. Alfaori
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Shatha Faisal Aldhawi
King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Reham F. Alsaleh
Private Dental Clinic, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v9/6728

Honey as a Potential Prebiotic in Balancing Oral Microbiome: A New Perspective towards Preventing Focal Infection in Periodontitis | Chapter 9 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 

Prebiotics are substances that can stimulate the growth and activity of good bacteria in the microbiome. By utilising prebiotics, the oral microbiome can be restored, and it can prevent the development of periodontitis in a more natural and safer way. The aim of this review is to investigate the potential role of honey as a natural prebiotic agent in modulating the oral microbiome, with a specific focus on its effectiveness in preventing focal infections and reducing the risk or progression of periodontitis. Honey contains various simple sugars like glucose and fructose digested, as well as important enzymes like glucose oxidase that play a role in the formation of hydrogen peroxide, a natural antimicrobial compound. In addition, honey also contains sour organic acids which provide a characteristic sour taste and help guard against pH stability in the environment mouth. Honey helps arrange biofilm formation (layer microbes on teeth) to keep them healthy and balanced (Al-Waili et al., 2011). In addition, honey can help stabilise the pH of the mouth cavity so as to prevent conditions that damage tooth enamel. Besides the biological benefits, using honey in product maintenance mouth also has the potential to increase patient compliance to therapy. This is caused by natural experience, honey received in a way widely accepted by the community, both in terms of taste and security usage. The combination of honey’s prebiotic and antimicrobial properties offers a dual mechanism that effectively restores oral microbiome homeostasis. However, further clinical research is needed to determine optimal dosing, application methods, and long-term safety. Integrating honey into oral care products presents a promising and innovative approach for the prevention and management of periodontitis. With a combination of beneficial biological, safety, comfort usage, as well as a sustainable environment, honey has the potential big for become an integral part of prevention and management strategies for periodontal disease in the future.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Miftakhul Cahyati
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Agus Susilo
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Khothibul Umam Al Awwaly
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Firman Jaya
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Premy Puspitawati Rahayu
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Herly Evanuarini
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Dedes Amertaningtyas
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Ria Dewi Andrian
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Dodyk Pranowo
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Nurjannah
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Indonesia.

 

 

Asep Awaludin Prihant
Department of Fishery Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang-65145, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v7/6398

Investigating the Dental Health and Oral Hygiene Status of Pregnant Women in Rural India | Chapter 5 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 10

 The dental health is affected by increase in levels of oestrogen and progesterone hormone in the second month of pregnancy and continues to affect till term and subsides after puerperal period. There is increase in periodontitis, gingivitis and dental caries in women during pregnancy. The outcome of pregnancy is affected by increase in preterm delivery, low birth weight and preeclampsia in pregnancy. The outcome is influenced by life style, dental hygiene and socioeconomic status.

 

The cohort prospective study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Integra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Lucknow from March 2012 to April 2013, for the period of 1year. The dental health statuses of 600 antenatal cases were studied. The prevalence of gingivitis, dental caries and periodontal disease were studied. The association between poor oral hygiene, gingivitis and dental caries were studied in the pregnant women. In the study the prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis and periodontal disease were 90%, 98% and 90.33% respectively. The antenatal cases with poor oral hygiene were 2.5times more likely to have dental caries.

Author(s) Details:

Bhavana Gupta,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. KNS MIMS, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Yajat Gupta,
Department of Dentistry, SS Institute of Medical Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

Rakesh Kumar Gupta,
Sri Sushruta Bone and Joint and Women’s Clinic, Lucknow, India.

Akshaj Gupta,
Sri Sushruta Bone and Joint and Women’s Clinic, Lucknow, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V10/article/view/13925

Metallothioneins and Their Influence on Bone Metabolism in Patients with Down Syndrome: Application to Dental Implants and Periodontitis | Chapter 11 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 In this deoxyribonucleic acid validation study, we destined to verify the results of our first deoxyribonucleic acid expression analysis. Metallothionein’s (MTs) are the lower microscopic weight (6-7 kDa) proteins that are raise to be present in principal part organism types varying from prokaryotes to eukaryotes species. MT are the metal detecting proteins that can diminish the effect caused apiece excess alloy ions. The study was descriptive and practical, and the only invasive procedures acted on patients were the group of a small amount of ancestry and a dental examination.  We acted retrotranscription (RT-qPCR) of 11 RNA-to-cDNA samples using the SuperScript™ VILO™ kit (50; remark 1176605) from Thermo Fisher. We conducted the study utilizing the real-period PCR technique on the q-PCR ViiA 7 floor from Thermo Fisher. We chose the format of the Taqman Array Plate 16 Plus (citation 4413261) from Thermo Fisher, which shelters 12 genes plus four controls (GAPDH, 18S, ACTB, and HPRT1). We conducted the study of the plates using the Thermo Fisher Cloud Web Software. The results of changed MT expression that were first written came from the comparison middle from two points Down’s Syndrome patients accompanying periodontal disease and insert failure (PD+RI+) following in position or time two years of progression against Down’s syndrome sufferers without periodontal affliction and with a beneficial progression of their implants (PD-RI-). The results obtained through deoxyribonucleic acid validation study show that in PD+RI+ patients, the genes encrypting the isoforms MT1F (FD 0.3; p = 0.039), MT1X (FD 338; p = 0.0078), MT1E (FD 307; p = 0.0358), and MT2A (FD 252; p = 0.0428) continue to show downregulation, inasmuch as MT1B (FD 2.75; p = 0.580), MT1H (FD 281; p = 0.152), MT1L (FD 354; p = 0.0965), and MT1G (FD 336; p = 0.0749) no longer show statistically significant results. According to our results, metallotein absorption is related to cartilage metabolism disorders that influence the course of periodontitis and the deficiency of dental implants in subjects with Down syndrome.

Author(s) Details:

Maria Baus-Dominguez,
Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

Raquel Gomez-Diaz,
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Seville, Spain.

Jose-Luis Gutierrez-Perez,
Oral Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Unit, Virgen del Rocio Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

Daniel Torres-Lagares,
Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

Guillermo Machuca-Portillo,
Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

Maria-Angeles Serrera-Figallo,
Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V6/article/view/11483

Critical Analysis of Molecular Biochemical Markers in Periodontal Health and Diseases – Concept and Principles | Book Publisher International

 Periodontal diseases continue to be one of the most common chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases in the world. Pathogenic mechanisms acting in periodontal diseases contain two major arms: the microbial component and the host response. Knowledge on both aspects has been increasing tremendously during the last two decades. Indeed, the progress in knowledge and the available evidence have led European Federation of Periodontology and American Academy of Periodontology to combine power and build up a new classification system for periodontal diseases in 2017 after 18 years passed since the 1999 Classification.

Periodontology is one of the most glamorous fields of dentistry with dozens of exciting papers, which open up completely novel pathways of research. “The more we understand the scenario the more complex it becomes.” This is quite true for periodontology. However, this complexity not only attracts even more scientists to work in this field but also stimulates building new bridges between various disciplines of dentistry and medicine to make the story clear.

Development of chair-side diagnostic tests for determining the presence or absence of periodontal disease and activity is still a challenge in periodontology. The use of biofluid samples such as gingival crevicular fluid, whole saliva, and serum as a means of evaluating host-derived products, as well as exogenous components has a great potential for diagnosis and monitorisation of periodontal diseases. Having more precise and early diagnostic tools may enable early intervention and help to develop individually tailored treatment modalities. We are not there, yet, but shall expect to arrive soon. The technological developments in laboratory methods and the closer collaboration with different branches of medicine bring great hope for the future.

This book examines all aspects of the progress being made towards the development of highly specific and sensitive biomarkers that will overcome the shortcomings of clinical assessments in periodontics. The opening chapters present the basic anatomic features of periodontal tissues, outline the nature and pathogenic mechanisms of periodontal diseases, and discuss both conventional and novel methods of diagnosis with reference to their specificity and sensitivity. The potential role of biomarkers in periodontal diagnosis is then presented in the light of the published data. The biological samples in which potential biomarkers are sought are evaluated comparatively, drawing attention to their strengths and weaknesses, and the available technologies for biomarker studies are reviewed. The potential benefits of biomarkers are also discussed with regard to the possible bidirectional interactions between periodontal diseases and systemic health.

Finally, the past, present, and future of periodontics are examined from a broader perspective. Readers will find the book to be an ideal summary of the state of the art in the field as biomarkers emerge that promise to facilitate periodontal diagnostics and permit timely, personally tailored interventions.

Author(s) Details:

Neelam Das,
Department of Periodontology, Rama Dental College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh - 208024, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAMBMPHDCP/article/view/10228

Awareness of Periodontal Disease and Motivation for Periodontal Treatment among the Irular Population in Cuddalore – A Cross Sectional Study| Chapter 3 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 9

 Irula, are Dravidians populating the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka. Their population in this place region is estimated at about 200, 000 people. The Irula folk ethnicity are named Irular, and speak Irula, which belongs to the Dravidian. Traditionally, the main profession of the Irulas has been reptile catching and honey accumulation. The study aims to assess the spoken hygiene practices, and knowledge of periodontal diseases and treatments between the irular population in Cuddalore. The irular community of their irular colony were registered in the study and were provided with a questionnaire study residing questions related to spoken hygiene practices, knowledge and the subjects were assessed for spoken health information based on it. The results of the study are educational rank 53.6% Illiterates, Occupation 56.4% Unskilled workers, Income 97% < 1865, Brushing fad 94% use tooth brush, Frequency of brushing 49.1% before, Method of brushing 43.6% horizontal, Types of tooth glue 50% non – medicated , Other spoken hygiene sexually transmitted disease 81.8% no usage of other sexually transmitted disease . Our study population distinctly demonstrates that 89% of the Irular state had poor knowledge about miscellaneous aspects of periodontal fitness and oral hygiene practices.

Author(s) Details:

S. Sakthi Devi,
Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) (Deemed - to - be - University), Mahathma Gandhi Medical College Campus, Pondy - Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry-607402, India.

G. K. Divyapriya,
Department of Public Healh Dentistry, Govt Dental college and Hospital, Cuddalore Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code-608002, India.

Prajot Raut,
Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) (Deemed - to - be - University), Mahathma Gandhi Medical College Campus, Pondy - Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry-607402, India.

J. Monika,
Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) (Deemed - to - be - University), Mahathma Gandhi Medical College Campus, Pondy - Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry-607402, India.

R. Saravana Kumar,
Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) (Deemed - to - be - University), Mahathma Gandhi Medical College Campus, Pondy - Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry-607402, India.

K. Srinivasan,
Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) (Deemed - to - be - University), Mahathma Gandhi Medical College Campus, Pondy - Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry-607402, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V9/article/view/9180

Study on Chemotherapy Agents in Saliva through Spectrometry and Chromatography Methods Correlated with Periodontal Status in Oncology Patients | Chapter 8 | Innovations in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 This paper describes the usage of a battery-based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to alleviate voltage sag and swell. During sag/swell, the DVR is a three-phase controlled voltage source with a magnitude and angle that adds/subtracts from the source voltage. In each phase, the DVR can inject a voltage of the required magnitude and phase at the fundamental frequency. The DVR can restore the load voltage in milliseconds. DVR can fix voltage sag and voltage swell problems fast and effectively. To estimate reference voltages, the Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRFT) is employed, and gate pulses are generated by monitoring the source, load terminal voltages, and supply currents. The reduction of voltage sag and swell using SRFT for battery-based DVR is simulated using MATLAB/ SIMULINK and the power system Block set (PSB) toolboxes.

Author(S) Details

Diana Cristala Kappenberg Nitescu
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Liliana Pasarin
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Silvia Martu
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Cornelia Teodorescu
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Bogdan Vasiliu
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Ioana Mârtu
Dental Technology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Ionut Luchian
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

Sorina Mihaela Solomon
Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IST-V1/article/view/5082

Nutrigenomics: An Approach to Understand the Role of Nutrients and Gene Interactions in Periodontal Disease | Chapter 11 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 1

 Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that destroys the periodontal attachment apparatus on a regular basis [1]. The growing body of knowledge about the pathophysiology of periodontal disease and the function of nutrients in it has sparked a renewed interest in determining the link between periodontal disease and nutrition [2]. It's also crucial to realise that periodontal disease risk is influenced by genetics and dietary interactions [3]. Nutrients play an important role in inflammatory and immunological responses, as well as periodontal health [4].

Nutrigenomics focuses on applying genomic approaches in nutritional studies to uncover and understand molecular-level connections between nutrients and genomes [3]. It provides information on the impact of nutrition on metabolic pathways and homeostatic control, as well as early detection of changes in this regulation [5]. This chapter describes the function of nutrition in periodontal disease in depth and proposes the daily dietary intake required for periodontal disease prevention [3].

Author(S) Details

Aparna Suraj Nellipunath
Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Suchetha Aghanashini
Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Apoorva Sokke Mallikarjunappa
Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Darshan Basavarajappa Mundinamane
Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Sapna Nadiger
Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Divya Bhat
Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial RV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V1/article/view/4075