The Microbial Etiology of Urinary Tract Infections in a Tunisian Orthopedic Institute | Chapter 2 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 3

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), frequently encountered both in hospitals and community settings, are among the most common reasons for medical consultations in daily practice and constitute a significant driver of antibiotic consumption. The microorganisms most frequently isolated during these infections are Gram-negative bacilli, with Escherichia coli at the top of the list.

Aim: This study aimed to characterise the microbiological profile of Tunisian patients with UTIs and evaluate antibiotic resistance patterns over three years at the Orthopaedic Institute.

Methods: Urine samples collected between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, were analysed. Standard laboratory procedures were employed to identify bacterial strains, and the Microscan Walkway 40 Plus system was used for biochemical assays and antibiotic susceptibility testing. E. coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus feacalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 were used as a control strains. Results were interpreted according to EUCAST guidelines.

Results: A total of 1,313 bacterial strains were isolated. The analysis revealed a predominance of Enterobacteriaceae (96.8%), with Escherichia coli (52.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.3%) being the most common pathogens. Antibiotic resistance rates in hospital-acquired E. coli strains were as follows (in descending order): amoxicillin (73.05%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (46.9%), ofloxacin (40.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (35.05%), and gentamicin (20.5%). Resistance to fosfomycin was low for E. coli (2.6%) in hospitals but higher for K. pneumoniae (≥12.1%). Amikacin resistance remained moderate, affecting ≥20% of E. coli strains and 10% of K. pneumoniae. Nitrofurantoin resistance was minimal in E. coli (1.06%) but significant in K. pneumoniae (21.5%). The production of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) was observed in 19.3% of K. pneumoniae and 14.4% of E. coli isolates.

Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in UTIs is on the rise. Continuous surveillance of resistance patterns is essential to guide empirical treatment and mitigate the spread of multidrug-resistant strains. In future, clinico-bacteriological studies with a high level of scientific evidence must be carried out to increase the strength of the recommendations.

 

Author (s) Details

Hajer Kilani
Microbiology Unit, Clinical Biology Laboratory, Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics, Tunis, Tunisia and Faculty of Medicine, LR99ES09 Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistance, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.

 

Salma Kaoual
Microbiology Unit, Clinical Biology Laboratory, Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics, Tunis, Tunisia and Department of Biology B, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.

Fatma Kaabi
Microbiology Unit, Clinical Biology Laboratory, Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics, Tunis, Tunisia.

 

Ilhem Boutiba-BenBoubaker
Faculty of Medicine, LR99ES09 Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistance, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia and Department of Microbiology, Hospital of Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia.

 

Sophia Bouhalila Besbes
Microbiology Unit, Clinical Biology Laboratory, Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics, Tunis, Tunisia and Department of Biology B, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v3/3851

Possibility of Using Fuel Cells and Hybrid Energy Systems for Energy Generation in Venizelio Hospital in Crete, Greece | Chapter 6 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 7

Hospitals operate continuously all over the year and their specific energy consumption is high compared with other types of buildings. They mainly use fossil fuels and grid electricity while the use of renewable energy sources is limited so far. The possibility of using a) fuel cell and b) a hybrid energy system consisting of a fuel cell and solar photovoltaic modules to meet the heat and power demand in Venizelio Hospital located in Crete, Greece has been studied. The energy consumption in several sectors in Venizelio Hospital has been used in estimations. Our results indicated that a fuel cell with a capacity of 1,397 KW can meet the heat and power demand in the hospital producing excess heat at 2,451 MWh_th per year. In the case of the hybrid energy system, a fuel cell with a capacity of 697.5 KW and a solar photovoltaic system with a nominal capacity of 1,629 KW_p can meet the heat and power demand in the hospital. The total installation cost of the hybrid energy system, at 3,726,500 €, was lower than the installation cost of the fuel cell at 4,191,000 €. Our work indicates that the use of sustainable energy systems can replace the use of fossil fuels in hospitals reducing their carbon emissions and increasing their energy resilience. The results could be useful to policymakers, hospitals’ authorities and energy companies which design and install sustainable energy systems.

 

Author (s) Details

 

John Vourdoubas
Hellenic Mediterranean University, Crete, Greece.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v7/4650

Setting Priorities in Healthcare at McGill University Health Centre, Canada | Chapter 5 | Current Innovations in Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 The aim of this research search out present evidence-based recommendations for reinforcing the priority background process in large hospitals.  Priority background is a decision-making process that includes the allocation of resources. The difference between available funds and public demand for health services, in addition to the intrinsic complicatedness of healthcare organizations, make arrangement setting individual of the most difficult well-being management concerns.  Nonetheless, the processes of prioritizing and policymaking at the nursing home strategic planning level, that is, the prioritization of clinical actions, have received little attention. As a result, a approximate case study at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) was transported.  A priority setting exercise is particularized in this paper, and the process is judged using an responsibility for reasonableness paradigm. In-depth, heart-to-heart talk interviews with main participants, a review of significant documents, and on-the-ground note were all used to collect dossier. To evaluate the priority background process, this article compares it to the five necessities of accountability for reasonableness and recognizes effective practices and regions for development.  The collected news gave conclusion-makers the ability to efficiently evaluate dispassionate activities and to make good conclusions. Moreover, the priority scene process was perceived equitable, and skilled was a general vindication from stakeholders with the habit the exercise was performed.

Author(s) Details:

Onur Hisarciklilar,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Atish Woozageer,
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Afrooz Moatari-Kazerouni,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Andrea Schiffauerova,
Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Vincent Thomson,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIDHR-V8/article/view/12411

Internet of Things in Healthcare: Applications, Benefits and Challenges| Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 The current healing resources and healthcare duties are being integrated by investigators aiming towards a computerised healthcare scheme. While the Internet of Things (IoT) is having a profound affect many industries, our focus act the role it is performing in medical research. This research looks at in what way or manner IoT has benefited healthcare, in what way or manner it has been secondhand there, and where it grant permission run into trouble from now on. Our research should suffice for both investigators and industry pros by shedding come to rest on the enormous potential of IoT in the medical field and highlighting key issues in IOMT. The scholarly world would benefit from this study by learning about IoT's potential healthcare uses. Academics would benefit from this facts since it would clear up IOT's history influential to the healthcare industry.

Author(s) Details:

Rajaram Jatothu,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pallavi Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Shruti Mallikarjun,
Department of Computer Science, Karnataka State AKkamahadevi Women's University, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.

Dharmbir Singh,
Physics/Electronics, DPG Degree College (Affiliated to MDU Rohtak), Sector-34, Gurgaon-122001, Haryana, India.

S. Thirumalesha,
Department of Sociology & Education, Mount Carmel College, Autonomous, Bengaluru, Karanataka, India.

Nitin Jagannath Patil,
Department of Instrumentation Engineering, D. N. Patel College of Engineering Shahada, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V8/article/view/9029

Community, Regionalism and Sustainable Ecosystem (The effect of these Three Components in Hospitals)| Chapter 11 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 3

Hospital structures are receiving a lot of attention these days. Given the complex architecture of treatment facilities, the issue of sustainability in this structure is being researched further in order to enhance efficiency and reduce energy loss. The occurrence of such an issue is caused by a number of factors. When it comes to regionalism, one of the most essential components is the existence of the environment and ecosystem, which may be referred to as regionalism and ecosystem that are interconnected and complement one another. One of the major aims of the green viewpoint and sustainability issue in connection to the building discussion is to achieve a balance between the man-made artificial environment and the natural environment. Creating a way for man-made buildings to align with nature and their surrounds, which can increase both artificial and natural ecosystems' stability. The more stable the equilibrium is, the more it tends toward interaction. The current study will examine the effect rate of regionalism, ecosystem, and their elements on hospitals by investigating regionalism, ecosystem, and their aspects, stressing the need to link these two problems by assessing expert opinion. The findings imply that debates of regionalism and ecosystems in hospitals, as well as climate adaptation of these facilities, can play a crucial role in aligning them with the region and the cultural context.

 

Author(s) Details:

Sania Sami,
Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Science and Research Branch-Qeshm, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Island, Iran.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V3/article/view/6636

General Overview of the History of Modern Ophthalmology in Nigeria: A Synopsis of Institutions, Events and Personalities | Chapter 7 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

With contributions from many personalities, ophthalmology in Nigeria has grown over the decades. The emergence of good care has been influenced by many events and institutions, from the creation of the ECWA Eye Hospital in 1943 as one of the first indigenous dedicated Eye Hospitals, to the establishment of the National Eye Centre and the Ophthalmology Department of the University College Hospital, the specialty of ophthalmology has developed to enviable heights. The hospital has been approved for the Diploma in Ophthalmology training by the West African Postgraduate Medical College (WACS). As milestone events in history, the formation of the Ophthalmological Society of Nigeria in 1969 and the establishment of the National Postgraduate College and the West African College of Surgeons stand out. The Nigerian National Blindness and Visual Disability Survey (2005 to 2007) was the largest survey ever undertaken in Africa, and there were no national level figures in Nigeria prior to the survey. Including 30 months of intensive fieldwork, this gigantic undertaking took more than three years to complete and was only possible because of the special efforts of key individuals. The Eyeris Program of the MTN EYE FOUNDATION (2013 - 2017) also stands out as a landmark surgical intervention programme involving 12 states in Nigeria in all geopolitical zones. A total of 18,438 free cataract surgeries were performed, 23,528 eyeglasses and 23,226 ocular prescriptions were also provided to beneficiaries free of charge for ocular allergies, glaucoma and ocular infections. The earliest records available date from the establishment by the Sudan Interior Mission on 20 January 1943 of ECWA Eye Hospital Kano as one of the earliest indigenous dedicated eye hospitals in Nigeria.

Author (s) Details

Olufemi Oderinlo
Eye Foundation Hospital, Ikeja GRA, Lagos, Nigeria.

Adekunle Olubola Hassan
Eye Foundation Hospital, Ikeja GRA, Lagos, Nigeria.

Tayo Bogunjoko
Eye Foundation Hospital, Ikeja GRA, Lagos, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V3/issue/view/32