Comparative Analysis of Energy Vectors for Industrial Applications: Evaluating Electricity, Hydrogen, and Biodiesel in the Italian Aluminum Smelting Sector | Chapter 9 | Current Approaches in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 8

This chapter explores the comparative viability of electricity, hydrogen, and biodiesel as energy vectors for industrial applications, specifically focusing on an aluminum smelter project in Southern Italy. The analysis evaluates each energy vector across multiple parameters, including system efficiency, land requirements for carbon-neutral energy production, and capital expenditure (CapEx). The study finds that while biodiesel offers carbon neutrality, it is impractical due to extensive land requirements and lower efficiency. Hydrogen, though a promising alternative, presents challenges in efficiency and higher CapEx, particularly when considering the infrastructure required for production and transportation. Electricity emerges as the most viable option, offering superior efficiency, lower land requirements, and comparatively lower CapEx. The findings underscore the importance of a holistic assessment of energy vectors in industrial contexts, balancing economic, environmental, and practical considerations to achieve long-term sustainability and feasibility. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights and guidance for similar industrial applications, highlighting electricity's potential as the main vector for achieving carbon neutrality in energy-intensive sectors. The implications drawn underscore the need for holistic approaches to policymaking, research, and practice in navigating the transition toward sustainable energy solutions. Further research that addresses these limitations can pave the way for more informed, effective, and sustainable energy strategies in the industrial sector and beyond.

 

Author (s) Details

Emiliano Finocchi
LUISS Business School, Università LUISS Guido Carli, Rome, Italy.

 

Please see the book here: - https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/caert/v8/2379

Possibility of Using Fuel Cells and Hybrid Energy Systems for Energy Generation in Venizelio Hospital in Crete, Greece | Chapter 6 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 7

Hospitals operate continuously all over the year and their specific energy consumption is high compared with other types of buildings. They mainly use fossil fuels and grid electricity while the use of renewable energy sources is limited so far. The possibility of using a) fuel cell and b) a hybrid energy system consisting of a fuel cell and solar photovoltaic modules to meet the heat and power demand in Venizelio Hospital located in Crete, Greece has been studied. The energy consumption in several sectors in Venizelio Hospital has been used in estimations. Our results indicated that a fuel cell with a capacity of 1,397 KW can meet the heat and power demand in the hospital producing excess heat at 2,451 MWh_th per year. In the case of the hybrid energy system, a fuel cell with a capacity of 697.5 KW and a solar photovoltaic system with a nominal capacity of 1,629 KW_p can meet the heat and power demand in the hospital. The total installation cost of the hybrid energy system, at 3,726,500 €, was lower than the installation cost of the fuel cell at 4,191,000 €. Our work indicates that the use of sustainable energy systems can replace the use of fossil fuels in hospitals reducing their carbon emissions and increasing their energy resilience. The results could be useful to policymakers, hospitals’ authorities and energy companies which design and install sustainable energy systems.

 

Author (s) Details

 

John Vourdoubas
Hellenic Mediterranean University, Crete, Greece.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v7/4650

Estimating the Potential of Electricity Production from the Biogas Using Dairy Cattle’s Manure in Three Provinces of Indonesia | Chapter 12 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 5

 Animals raised on a farm manure emits nitrous oxides (N2O) and poison gas (CH4). The well manure administration system will reduce the gift of greenhouse gas issuances to the atmosphere. Biogas is one of the fertilizer management wholes that can produce CH4 gas and be used for energy from undepletable source. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of biogas released from the manure of buttery cattle in bearing electricity. The study used a succession of dairy cattle populace (2018-2021) in three provinces, namely West Hot beverage made from beans of a tree, Central Java, and Oriental Java. Variables used in the estimation were the potential of residential implemented biogas as energy from undepletable source, the total dairy herd used to provide electricity for dwellings in a year (AU/Residential), and power used in a day per dwellings (kWH), and the amount of electricity delivered per residential (GWh/year). The results expressed that biogas as renewable energy could determine electricity for about 34.09-35.91, 40.75-48.31, 92.81-98.92, and 152.83-162.38 dwellings in West, Central, and East Hot beverage made from beans of a tree, as well as Indonesia. The average electricity use in a day was 3767.56-3596.42; 3194.32-3482.53; 3491.43-3716.58; and 4047.20-4198.01 kWh in West, Central and Oriental Java, in addition to in Indonesia. Using 2.49-2.62, 2.12-2.31, 2.31-2.46, and 2.68-2.78 AU of dairy oxen/residential kept in West, Main, and East Java observed in West, Central, and Oriental Java can provide about 96.92% of power produced nationally from creamery cattle's fertilizer.

Author(s) Details:

Agustin Herliatika,
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.

Yeni Widiawati,
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.

Hadriana Bansi,
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.

Firsoni,
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V5/article/view/12717

Study about Electrical Appliance Usage and Electricity Consumption Pattern at Household Level | Chapter 05 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 The purpose of this research was to look into the kind of equipment that people use, as well as the patterns of energy usage and expenditure in suburban families. Electricity is a major secondary fuel that is used by all customers around the world. An exploratory study method was used on 30 randomly selected families in the suburban suburbs of Hyderabad, Telangana State. A systematic interview schedule was used to collect the data. The data was analysed using frequency, percentage, and correlation. The findings revealed that respondent families utilised more miscellaneous equipment than other appliances for various reasons such as cooking, heating, cooling, laundry, and so on. According to the study, the majority of the houses had minimal electricity consumption (0 - 250 units per month). The majority spent between Rs. 1 and Rs. 1000 per month for power, which was deemed a low level of expenditure. Consumers must be appropriately educated and informed about the importance of lowering energy consumption and boosting energy conservation. The government should create numerous projects that recognise or compensate households that spend electricity responsibly and on a regular basis to encourage customers and households to use less electricity.

Author(S) Details

V. Vijaya Lakshmi
Professor and Head, Department of Resource Management and Consumer Sciences, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar State Agricultural University, Saifabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

M. Milcah Paul
Professor and Head, Department of Resource Management and Consumer Sciences, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar State Agricultural University, Saifabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V1/article/view/6321

Assessment and Investigation of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash as a Binding Material for the Construction Industry | Chapter 5 | Modern Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 3

 Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is a by-product of the sugar industry that is generated when sugarcane bagasse is burned to generate electricity. After all of the sugarcane's economically valuable sugar has been extracted, sugarcane bagasse is made. In factories that produce electricity from sugarcane, disposing of this material is a common environmental problem. Around 61,000 tonnes of SCBA are produced each year by Kakira Sugar Limited (KSL), but only about 30,000 tonnes are used, leaving the rest to be dumped, posing an environmental danger. The aim of this study was to see if bagasse ash could be used as a cement substitute in the construction industry. The concept of using SCBA as a building material has helped the sugarcane processing mills produce more cash flow. Chemical properties of bagasse ash samples obtained from KSL were investigated. The compressive strength of mortars containing ordinary Portland cement and SCBA in proportions of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 40% as a cement substitute was studied. Three replicates were made and tested, with bagasse ash replacing ordinary Portland cement in the above-mentioned proportions. At a test age of 28 days, the results showed that ordinary Portland cement can be substituted by SCBA up to 20% without affecting the compressive strength of the mortar. These findings indicate that substituting SCBA for cement may result in lower construction costs. As a result, it is safe to substitute cement with sugar cane bagasse ash up to 20% of the time.

Author(s) Details

E. Basika
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Makerere University, P.O.7062 Kampala, Uganda.

J. Kigozi
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Makerere University, P.O.7062 Kampala, Uganda.

N. Kiggundu
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Makerere University, P.O.7062 Kampala, Uganda.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/MAGEES-V3/issue/view/53