Study of an Innovative Approach to IoT Based Human Activity Recognition | Chapter 19 | Leading the Charge: A Guide to Management, Entrepreneurship and Technology in the Dynamic Business Landscape Edition 1

Recognizing human activities is vital for numerous contemporary applications rooted in the Internet of Things (IoT) framework, spanning from the creation of intelligent video surveillance setups to the advancement of robotic assistants for the elderly. Recently, there has been significant exploration into machine learning algorithms to enhance the recognition of human activities. Despite these research endeavors, there remains a notable dearth of studies focusing on efficiently recognizing complex human activities, particularly those involving transitions, and no research has been conducted to assess the impact of noise in training data on algorithm performance. This paper addresses these gaps by presenting an innovative activity recognition system centered on a neural classifier with memory capabilities, designed to optimize the classification of both transitional and non-transitional human activities. Utilizing unobtrusive IoT devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes integrated into widely-used smartphones, the system effectively identifies human activities [1,2]. The key feature of the proposed system lies in leveraging a neural network augmented with short-term memory to retain information about preceding activities' characteristics. Experimental validation demonstrates the reliability and accuracy of the proposed system compared to state-of-the-art classifiers, highlighting its robustness in handling noisy data. Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is essential for various modern applications within the Internet of Things (IoT) framework, from developing intelligent video surveillance systems to enhancing robotic assistants for the elderly. Despite significant advancements in machine learning algorithms for HAR, there is a notable lack of research on effectively recognizing complex human activities, particularly those involving transitions, and assessing the impact of noise in training data on algorithm performance. This paper addresses these gaps by presenting an innovative activity recognition system centered on a neural classifier with memory capabilities. Designed to optimize the classification of both transitional and non-transitional human activities, the system employs unobtrusive IoT devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes integrated into widely used smartphones [1,3]. A key feature of the proposed system is the utilization of a neural network augmented with short-term memory to retain information about preceding activities' characteristics. Experimental validation demonstrates the system's reliability and accuracy compared to state-of-the-art classifiers, emphasizing its robustness in handling noisy data.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Motashim Rasool
Integral University, India.

 

Rizwan Akhtar
Integral University, India.

 

Uvais Ahmad
Integral University, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48859-98-3/CH19

Investigation of the Gas Sensing Potential of Electrospun Expanded Polystyrene/ Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanofiber Composites | Chapter 1 | Chemical and Materials Sciences - Developments and Innovations Vol. 2

 

The gas sensing potential of electrospun nanofiber composites consisting of expanded polystyrene (EPS) and carbon-based nanofillers was investigated in this study. The nanofiber composites of expanded polystyrene (EPS) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), EPS and carbon black (CB), and hybrid EPS/CB/RGO were produced by solution mixing followed by electrospinning. The surface morphologies of the developed nanofibers were studied with SEM, and the percolation threshold was determined with Keithely 2000 multimeter with four-point probes. The gas-sensing behavior was investigated in a gas-sensing unit. The SEM micrographs revealed long, uniform, and continuous nanofibers without beads or spindles. Homogenous dispersion of the nanofillers in the polymer matrix was also observed. Low percolation thresholds of between 0.07 and 0.2 wt.% were observed for the EPS/RGO composite and 2.0 wt.% for the EPS/CB composite. EPS/RGO sensor exhibited good stability but moderate sensitivity on exposure to the analyte gases. The hybrid composite; EPS/CB/RGO showed improved sensitivity than the others and comparable stability to EPS/RGO. The EPS/CB suffered from instability in response as a result of variations in baseline resistance. A rapid response time of 19s and a short recovery time of 20s were recorded with EPS/CB/RGO exposure to ethanol. The EPS/RGO sensor shows good linearity and reproducibility with a regression coefficient of 0.8975 with ethanol and 0.961 with toluene.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Okparaocha Funmilayo Joke
Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria and Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

 

Ipeaiyeda Ayodele Rotimi
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

 

Mamookho Elizabeth Makhatha
Department of Metallurgy, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.

 

Oyeleke Peter Olaoye
Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria.

 

Shorinmade Adijat Yetunde
Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Obero Ofunami Joy
Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria.

 

Oluwasusi Taye Victoria
Department of Physics, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

 

Abejide Tolulope Bayode
College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, United Kingdom.

 

Abdulrahman Abdulsemiu Ayantunde
Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, South Carolina, USA.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsdi/v2/8421E

A Technology Analysis of Wearable Sensors for Monitoring Healthcare System | Chapter 8 | Recent Progress in Science and Technology Vol. 5

 Access to status health care is fundamental to maintaining material and mental comfort in modern society. If you be going to enjoy existence's luxuries, you need to take care of your material. It's a fact of life that all will, by pure chance, need medical consideration. The value of health management cannot be overstated. Recent research has shown that the cost of health management using common methods is prohibitive for the average woman. Those who cannot give proper medical consideration either have to endure through their conditions or make sacrifices in their energy by choosing less high-priced therapies. Wearable sensors have the potential to revolutionise the health care manufacturing by allowing for nearby and inexpensive health listening. This article describes the shift from the standard method of monitoring alive healthcare indicators to the use of wearable sensors. Wearable sensors are trying to set the groundwork for hopeful results in the healing industry on account of technological improvements.

Author(s) Details:

B. Ashreetha,
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering College, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati,Andhra Pradesh, India.

V. Dankan Gowda,
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Santosh Das,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Omdayal Group of Institutions, Uluberia, Howrah, West Bengal, India.

R. Shekhar,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alliance University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Venkatesan Hariram,
Department of Practice of Medicine, Vinayaka Mission's Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, A Constituent College of Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation Deemed to be University, Salem, Tamilnadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RPST-V5/article/view/9723

Novel Hydrothermal Synthesis of Flower Like ZnO Nanostructures and Investigation of their Gas – Sensing Properties | Chapter 7 | Recent Progress in Science and Technology Vol. 5

 Flower like nanostructures of ZnO have existed successfully contrived by a novel hydrothermal technique. Various sample characterization systems, including XRD, FESEM, SEM, TEM, have existed employed. The synthesised ZnO samples exhibited a explicit crystal makeup of hexagonal phase. The average crystallite proportion for ZnO sensors was estimated expected 31 nm. The flower shaped nanorods were ∼84 nm in diameter and ∼ 1 µm in time. The response to the lowering gas NH3 was evaluated in agreements of the operating temperature, nervousness, response time/ improvement time of the ZnO-located gas sensor. At a working hotness of 230∘C, the lowest discovery limit for ammonia gas was establish to be 5 pm.

Author(s) Details:

V. S. Siril,
Department of Instrumentation, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin-682022, India.

K. N. Madhusoodanan,
Department of Instrumentation, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin-682022, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RPST-V5/article/view/9722

Internet of Things in Healthcare: Applications, Benefits and Challenges| Chapter 5 | Current Overview on Disease and Health Research Vol. 8

 The current healing resources and healthcare duties are being integrated by investigators aiming towards a computerised healthcare scheme. While the Internet of Things (IoT) is having a profound affect many industries, our focus act the role it is performing in medical research. This research looks at in what way or manner IoT has benefited healthcare, in what way or manner it has been secondhand there, and where it grant permission run into trouble from now on. Our research should suffice for both investigators and industry pros by shedding come to rest on the enormous potential of IoT in the medical field and highlighting key issues in IOMT. The scholarly world would benefit from this study by learning about IoT's potential healthcare uses. Academics would benefit from this facts since it would clear up IOT's history influential to the healthcare industry.

Author(s) Details:

Rajaram Jatothu,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pallavi Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Shruti Mallikarjun,
Department of Computer Science, Karnataka State AKkamahadevi Women's University, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.

Dharmbir Singh,
Physics/Electronics, DPG Degree College (Affiliated to MDU Rohtak), Sector-34, Gurgaon-122001, Haryana, India.

S. Thirumalesha,
Department of Sociology & Education, Mount Carmel College, Autonomous, Bengaluru, Karanataka, India.

Nitin Jagannath Patil,
Department of Instrumentation Engineering, D. N. Patel College of Engineering Shahada, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CODHR-V8/article/view/9029

Determination of Five-Number Summary Method for Fault tolerance in Wireless Sensor Network | Chapter 07 | Innovations in Science and Technology Vol. 5

 A wireless sensor network is a collection of sensors that perceive data and take action in response to it. Wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) are made up of a collection of sensors and actors that are connected via a wireless media. The data is sensed by the sensor node, which then passes it on to the actor. The action is carried out by the actor in accordance with the data. Sensor nodes in a wireless sensor and actor network are constrained by hardware and software. As a result, faults in both the sensor and the network are possible. However, some study focuses on the connection fault without taking into account the data sensing defect. As a result, the node may detect inaccurate data and take the wrong action. The Five Number Summary Method for Fault Tolerance (FNSMFT) could be utilised to overcome this problem. In the future, we propose combining an intrusion tolerance approach with FNSMFT to provide sufficient security. The INtrusion-tolerant routing protocol for wireless SEnsor Networks (INSENS) builds tree-structured routing for WSANs in a secure and efficient manner. An invader can inflict damage to INSENS, but it can be tolerated.

Author(S) Details

Ayasha Siddiqua
Post Graduate Department of Information Technology, Dehradun Institute of Technology, India.

Prashant Krishan
Post Graduate Department of Information Technology, Dehradun Institute of Technology, India.

Shikha Swaroop
Post Graduate Department of Information Technology, Dehradun Institute of Technology, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IST-V5/article/view/5702

Study on the Development of a MEMS Hotplate-based Photoacoustic CO2 Sensor | Chapter 08 | Novel Perspectives of Engineering Research Vol. 5

 Instead of using a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) hotplate for metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) or nondispersive infrared (NDIR) gas sensing, a photoacoustic (PA) hotplate was used. This MEMS hotplate PA carbon dioxide sensor was created using a low-cost MEMS microphone. This is the first time, to the authors' knowledge, a MEMS hotplate and a MEMS microphone have been combined for use in gas sensing with a high modulation frequency. In comparison to the MEMS microphone employed in this study, NDIR sensors use far more expensive photodetectors. MEMS hotplates and microphones have a number of attractive characteristics, including low power consumption, small size, and low cost. Metal oxide sensors and infrared emitters for gas sensing frequently use micro hotplates. Low power consumption, small size, and low cost are all desirable qualities of MEMS hotplates and microphones. As a blackbody, the hotplate is a good infrared emitter, appropriate for detection in the absorption band. Despite the large loss of radiation power due to the high modulation frequency, the remaining/reduced power radiation power was still sufficient to excite molecules for the formation of PA signals. The sensor's temperature study revealed that the PA signal diminishes as the temperature rises, implying that temperature effects must be compensated for. This research provides an alternative optical gas sensing system that is less expensive than traditional NDIR sensors and uses easily mass-produced components, making it a vital addition to the fight against air pollution and global warming.

Author(S) Details

Lucky A. Ishaku
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Blackpool and The Fylde College, FY2 0HB, United Kingdom.

David Hutson
Institute of Thin Films, Sensors and Imaging, University of the West of Scotland Paisley, PA1 2BE, United Kingdom.

Des Gibson
Institute of Thin Films, Sensors and Imaging, University of the West of Scotland Paisley, PA1 2BE, United Kingdom.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NPER-V5/article/view/5324

Evanescent Wave Fiber Optic Sensor for Detection of Fe+2 Using LED Source | Chapter 11 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 16

 Based on the evanescent wave fibre optic absorption approach, a cost-effective and sensitive chemical sensor for the detection of Fe+2 has been developed. In the sensing mechanism, a high-quality LED source is used. As the sensing arm, a multimode sensor grade plastic clad silica (PCS) fibre is used, with the centre cladding portion removed to interact with the surrounding region (Fe+2 ions). In this experiment, the unclad area of the PCS fibre is utilised as a sensing element. For the detection of Fe+2 in water, the sensor developed is very sensitive over a dynamic range of concentrations from 0.1ppm to 100ppm.

Author (S) Details

Vijay K. Kulkarni
Department of Physics, Angadi Institute of Technology and Management, Belagavi, (Karnataka), India.

Harish H. Bendigeri
Department of Physics, Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi (Karnataka), India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V16/article/view/1996

Advances in Nanotechnology: Development of Sensing Devices with Doped Thin-films Perovskites Materials| Chapter 6 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 8

 Thin films of gas sensitive materials based on the SrFeO2.5+x nonstoichiometric perovskite family were

deposited onto an interdigitated gold electrode construction device by room temperature pulsed
excimer laser deposition (RT-PLD). Two films sensors based on the SrFe1-yCoyO2.5+x oxides
perovskite family, with y=0.75 and 0.5 respectively, have been presented. Their ability to very quickly
respond to the presence of low concentrations of methanol makes them attractive for construction of
methanol sensing devices, as gases monitoring sensors for either environmental applications, or as
an automated feedback sensor for concentration measurement and control in a micro direct methanol
fuel cell (μ-DMFC) power supply.

Author(s) Details

Prof. Dr. Steve De Cliff
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, 2 Unesco Avenue, P.O.Box 1550, Bujumbura, Burundi.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/228