Introduction: Urinary tract infections can affect all
individuals, regardless of gender and age, occupying a prominent place in
nephrological pathology. The major issue is that pathology with a wide range of
antibiotics and other hygiene measures that can remedy it remains so frequent
with sometimes serious complications that can compromise the vital prognosis.
Extended-spectrum \(\beta\)-lactamases (ESBLs) are a group of diverse, complex,
and rapidly evolving plasmid-mediated enzymes that today pose a major
therapeutic challenge in the treatment of hospitalized and community patients.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to
determine the antibiogram profile of enterobacteria in urinary infections. This
study assesses the beta-lactam resistance and detects extended-spectrum
beta-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from community-acquired urinary
tract infections.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with an
analytical aim of enterobacteria isolated from urinary infections from samples
from patients of all ages from January 1, 2020, to October 21, 2022.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for all enterobacteria was done using the
Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical Laboratory Standard
Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: The isolated enterobacteria strains presented high
rates of resistance, i.e. 92.61% for Ampicillin, 47.94% for cefadroxil, 45.14%
for cefuroxime, and 46.46% for cefotaxime, 72.86% for amoxicillin and 40.44%
for amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Qualitative detection of extended-spectrum
Beta-Lactamase was generally evaluated at 24.8% with peaks for Citrobacter sp.,
Klebsiella sp., and E coli. For the latter, cross-resistance to quinolones was
evaluated in proportions ranging from 49.45% to 85.51%.
Conclusion: This situation poses a significant public health
challenge and highlights the urgent need to improve sanitation and implement
antibiotic stewardship in developing countries. This study shows that the level
of resistance of enterobacteria to beta-lactams is very high. We have observed
co-resistance between beta-lactams and quinolones, antibiotics commonly used
against Gram-negative bacteria. This observation requires an improvement in the
antibiotic management policy.
Author(s) Details
Kasamba Ilunga Éric
Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.
Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v5/1400
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