Background: Migraine is the most common and highly disabling neurological disorder. It is characterized by headaches, having at least five attacks that last 4–72 h, that are unilateral, pulsating, moderate or severe in intensity and aggravated by or cause avoidance of routine physical activity and are also accompanied by nausea/vomiting, and photophobia. Treatment of headaches can be either abortive or prophylactic. Here meaning of prophylactic treatment is to reduce the frequency or severity of headaches. Very few studies have been done regarding the safety and efficacy of lisinopril in migraine prophylaxis so the study focuses on prophylactic therapy for migraine.
Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was (i) to compare the
effect of propranolol and lisinopril in migraine as prophylaxis and (ii) to
assess the adverse drug reaction of lisinopril.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational,
open-label, and comparative study. Sixty outpatients diagnosed with Migraine in
the medicine department, HIMS Hassan, and willing to give consent are included
for 3 months. Thirty Patients/group, Group 1 – Lisinopril 5 mg/day od (once
daily) and Group 2 – Propranolol 20 mg t.i.d. (three times a day) given regular
treatment. All the patients were provided with a migraine diary and advised to
record the number of attacks of migraine. Patients were followed up at the end
of 1st and 3rd months. The change in the migraine frequency and pain intensity
was checked (Visual Analog Scale) and also adverse drug reaction. All collected
data were entered into an Excel Sheet and analyzed. Descriptive statistics and
the Chi-square test were used.
Results: Migraine episodes and headache severity index were
reduced by 84% and 43%, with lisinopril compared with propranolol. Other side
effects were dizziness and, a tendency to faint was more with propranolol. Days
with migraine were reduced in 11 participants for lisinopril. Eight patients
reported an adverse effect like cough during lisinopril therapy.
Conclusion: Lisinopril has better prophylactic therapy in
migraine. The smaller sample size and short duration of follow-up were the
limitations of the study, highlighting the need for future studies on the
efficacy of lisinopril for migraine prophylaxis.
Author
(s) Details
Neelamma
P
Department of Pharmacology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Nalini
GK
Department of Pharmacology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Suresh
RM
Department of Medicine, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Deepak
P
Department of Pharmacology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Sahana
GN
Department of Pharmacology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Jayashree
VN
Department of Pharmacology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Bhavishya
Keerthi Anna Valder
Department of Pharmacology, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences,
Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v7/2338
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