Introduction: The relation between neonatal factors and the timing of eruption of primary teeth has not been studied prospectively among Indian preterm infants. The eruption of the first primary teeth is a normal physiological process. The eruption of primary teeth is significantly influenced by prenatal and neonatal variables as well as dietary deficiencies throughout pregnancy. The eruption of primary teeth is predominantly influenced by neonatal variables, including birth weight, intensity of neonatal sickness, gestational age (GA), and degree of prematurity.
Aims: The present study evaluates the influence of neonatal
factors on the eruption of primary teeth in children born preterm.
Materials and Methods: A prospective longitudinal cohort
study design was adopted. A total of 150 subjects were recruited by simple
random sampling. Each child was followed up from birth up to 36 months. An
intraoral examination was done and the teeth present in each visit were
recorded. Data were statistically analyzed and interpreted.
Descriptive statistics, t-tests for independent samples, and
Pearson’s chi-squared tests were applied. Tooth showing a statistically
significant difference in mean age of eruption between term and preterm
categories was studied for the effect of maternal and neonatal characteristics
on eruption using multivariate regression analysis.
Results: The mandibular central incisor was the first tooth
to erupt. A significant determinant of the eruption of mandibular incisor in
term children was found to be parity, weight for GA, and complementary feeding,
whereas, for preterm children, significant determinants were parity, birth
weight birth length, weight for GA, and complementary feeding. Children born
second had delay in the eruption of all primary teeth compared to the first
child in both the groups. This effect was statistically significant for mandibular
incisors in both term and preterm groups and statistically insignificant for
all the other teeth suggesting that parity affects only the eruption of first
primary teeth.
Conclusion: Neonatal factors, such as birth weight, birth
length, weight for GA, and introduction of complementary feeding have a strong
significant association with the eruption of primary teeth. The findings of
this study will guide the preventive management of oral health in preterm
children.
Clinical Significance: The findings of this study will guide
the preventive management of oral health in preterm children.
Author (s) Details
Indira M. Devraj
Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, JSS Dental College
& Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University),
Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Bhojraj Nandlal
Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, JSS Dental College
& Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be
University), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Doddaiah Narayanappa
Department of Pediatrics, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher
Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Seema Deshmukh
Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, JSS Dental College
& Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education
& Research (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Kanika S. Dhull
Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of
Dental Sciences (KIDS), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT)
(Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v5/1789
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