Cancer is a complex genetic disease. Since the last few decades,
the incidence of cancer has increased in different parts of the world, and now
the situation is very alarming. Cancer or tumour cells are disorganized,
mitotically uncontrolled, and autonomous race of cell populations, which
consistently violate the basic rules of cell division. Most primary tumours
arising in humans are benign. Benign tumours are harmless in a sheath of
fibrous tissue, with a few exceptions. It cannot spread through other tissues.
Some tumour cells may cause clinical problems and harm that migrate to distant
body sites, forming secondary tumours. This process is known as metastasis,
which is dependent on angiogenesis. The process of angiogenesis, the formation
of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is a fascinating and critical
aspect of tumour growth and metastasis. This intricate process, which involves
a complex interplay of factors, is a crucial area of research in the fight
against cancer. Most cancer treatments aim to target metastasis. Presently,
surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, combination chemotherapy,
immunotherapy, hormone replacement therapy and anti-angiogenic therapy are
standard methods of cancer treatment.
Low-dose chemotherapy combined with an anti-angiogenic drug
therapy presents a promising approach to cancer treatment. The combination
treatment of low-dose Cyclophosphamide – a cost-effective chemotherapeutic
drug, with 2- Methoxyestradiol – a novel anti-angiogenic component,
significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy. This is evidenced by the increased
frequency of non-viable cell population, apoptosis, and survivability rate of
the tumour-bearing host. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME), an endogenous oestrogen
metabolite, has been identified as a significant player in cancer therapy. Its
ability to induce antiproliferative and apoptotic activities against
proliferating cells and growing tumours, coupled with its dual nature of
stimulating and inhibiting tumour angiogenesis and growth, underscores its importance
in the field.
Therefore, the biology of cancer cells is different than normal
cells, and cancer biology research involves the realization of the biology of
cancer to develop more avenues to diagnose, prevent, and treat cancer. This
study provides an overview of some aspects of cancer biology.
Author
(s) Details
Srabantika
Mallick
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, DPMI Paramedical
College, Medinipur, West Bengal, India.
Samarendra
Nath Banerjee
Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, Kolkata 700009, West
Bengal, India.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v4/1828
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