Aim: The present
study highlights the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of the leaves
of the plant Pongamia pinnata on antitubercular drugs (isoniazid and rifampin)
induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Introduction: The
hepatotoxic character of a drug is only discovered after it has gone on sale.
The most common reason for taking drugs off the market is Drug Induced Liver
Injury (DILI), which calls for labelling changes. Research evidence stated that
anti-tubercular medication-induced liver damage is mainly due to oxidative
stress which primes to cell injury and apoptosis in humans.
Methods: The
experiment used five groups of male Wistar rats, each with six animals. Two
control groups were given gum acacia and a mixture of isoniazid and rifampin.
The two other groups received 200 and 400 mg/kg body weights of ethanolic
extract from the leaves of Pongamia pinnata respectively. The fifth group was
given silymarin (50mg/kg, p.o.). The concentrations of serum Alanine
aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase
(ALP), tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiols were estimated in the blood of
all animals. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis followed by
Tukey's test.
Results: When
rats were given the mixture of anti-tubercular drugs and high dosage (400
mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of Pongamia pinnata, the blood enzymes showed lower
levels than antitubercular treated groups. The co-administration of a high dose
of Pongamia pinnata extract with antitubercular drugs reduced MDA levels and
elevated thiol levels considerably (p˂ 0.05). These biochemical marker levels
however were not adjusted. Conversely, supplementation with Pongamia pinnata
attenuated all the changes prompted by the antitubercular drugs and protected
the hepatocytes from oxidative destruction revealing the hepatoprotective,
antioxidant, antiapoptotic and membrane stabilising action of Pongamia pinnata
leaves against drugs-induced toxicity.
Conclusion: In
rats, Pongamia pinnata encompasses a partial protective effect against the
hepatotoxicity caused by anti-tubercular drugs at high doses.
Author(s) Details:
Dr. Samba Siva Raju
Derangula
Department of Pharmacology, Sri Balaji Medical College, Hospital &
Research Institute, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Prof. Dr. N. S.
Muthiah
Department of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital,
Chrompet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Prof. Dr. H. S.
Somashekar
Department of Pharmacology, St. Peter's Medical College, Hospital &
Research Institute, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Dr. E. Sukumar
Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil
Nadu, India.
Please see the book here:
https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v1/61
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