Despite the circumstances of Egyptian agriculture, it remains significant, in particular because of its share in the gross domestic product and the direct and indirect employment opportunities it provides to other sectors and the provision of raw materials to that sector. The aim of this paper is to estimate changes in the sources and components of the overall productivity of the key cereal crop factors in Egypt in the presence and absence of emissions of carbon dioxide and to estimate the environmental impact assessment of changes in the productivity of such crops. In addition to (Malmquist, 1953), the study applied parameter analysis methods and non-parameterized estimation methods, which is one of the most significant metrics of measuring productivity changes and relies on a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess efficiency and changes in TFP productivity and classify the causes of productivity changes through changes in technical competencies.
Results: wheat crop: In estimating the shift in the different efficiencies of
the wheat crop with CO2 emissions, it was evident that the decrease in
technological change (TC) during the study period and, thus, the decrease in
the average change in the total productivity factor (TFP), while without the
impact of CO2 emissions, the average change in the total productivity factor
(TFPc) is indicative of an increase in the average change in the total
productivity factor (TFP).
Rice crop: In estimating the shift in the different efficiencies of the rice
crop with CO2 emissions, it became evident that the decrease in the mean
technological change (TC) resulted in an improvement in the average change in
the overall overall productivity productivity factor (TFP) of the rice crop,
while, without CO2 emissions, the mean change in the overall productivity
factor (TFPc) of the study areas was higher.
Summer maize crops: it was apparent that the average technological change (TC)
for summer maize crops with CO2 emissions decreased during the study period and
thus decreased the average change in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) but
without CO2, increased the annual average change in technical efficiency (TEC)
and decreased the average change in technology (TCF) and decreased the annual
average change in technological efficiency (TCF) (TFPc).
The importance of technical efficiency with CO2 emissions is lower than without
CO2 emissions, which means that, due to the environmental effect of emissions,
the real efficiency of wheat is lower, which means that the Egyptian
agricultural policy should concentrate more on increasing the pace of
technological progress or innovation in agriculture.
Author (s) Details
Ahmed A. El-Rasoul
Department of Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt.
Alaa M. Ramadan
Department of Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt.
E. El-Seify
Department of Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt.
Department of Economics and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21545, Egypt.
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