Structure of Space Fabric: Meaning of Emptiness | Chapter 11 | Contemporary Perspective on Science, Technology and Research Vol. 6

This study proposes the idea that physical entities such as electrons and cosmological entities like photons operate at distinct levels within the Universe, suggesting they should not be grouped under the same conceptual framework. It posits that what appears to be empty space is, in fact, a complex network made up of cosmological substances. These substances, essentially energy fields, are fundamental components of the cosmological realm. The study introduces the concept that these four fields are diametrically opposed yet collectively maintain equilibrium. It challenges the conventional notion that the space fabric merely fills the emptiness, arguing instead that the space fabric creates the emptiness itself, enabling the propagation of electromagnetic waves and gravitational forces. The paper explores the composition of the space fabric, connecting it to a range of cosmological phenomena, including electromagnetic waves, gravity, light, magnetism, and the enigmatic dark matter and dark energy. Through this exploration, the paper begins to unravel numerous unresolved mysteries. The paper’s philosophical stance is validated by incorporating insights from various disciplines, and its scientific basis is reinforced by aligning with results from well-established experiments.

Author(s) Details:

Pramod Kumar Agrawal,
Universal Theory Research Centre, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPSTR-V6/article/view/13590

Statistical Geometry Representation of Spacetime | Chapter 7 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 9

 It is pretended that the spacetime is composed by events and maybe explained by incompletely ordered set (causal set). The person events innate two kinds of children. Some adolescents have a causal connection with their parents and additional kinds destitute. It is assumed that evolution of the state is only happen for one causal children. The pretended population maybe modeled by finite (limitless) dimension Leslie origin. In both finite and limitless cases, it is shown that the fixed state of the population always survives and the matrix has helpful eigenvalues. By finding the relation betwixt the statistical news of the population and the stationary state, a possibility matrix and a Shannon-like deterioration is defined. It is shown that the change in deterioration is always quantized and beneficial and in consequence, the world is inflating. We show that the emptiness energy maybe attributed to the necessary finished work for maintaining the causal relation betwixt the parents and the adolescents (cohesive energy). By provided that the sum of united energy and kinetic energy of the denumerable fresh spacetime is equal to the heat, that flows across a causal horizon, we find the connection between strength-momentum tensor and discrete Ricci tensor that can be named the Einstein state equation. Finally, it is shown that the neverending of proportionality  'tween the entropy and the area is equivalent to kB/J2p  at Planck scale which is in good understanding with the Hawking’s result.

Author(s) Details:

Hamidreza Simchi,
Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16844, Iran.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V9/article/view/9856

A Grand Unified Reaction Platform: Concept of Time Approach | Chapter 3 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 9

 In this paper, we determine to show how to delimit certain boundaries 'tween physics in different ranges, through which a abstract shift paradigm occurs. The universe is containing things that change and are refer to as events. Matter and field are the events. A line separates a method into things and the surroundings. Things that belong to the environment have no effect on belongings that belong to bureaucracy. Because science cannot clarify consciousness, physical observables are differences of things. It is continually assumed that the conscious thing is established in environment. The gravitational field has important effect on the present and the bound minimum boundary between belongings in Planck scale. They are the necessary material for production a reaction policy for explaining the current situation of various physical example respect to each other.

Author(s) Details:

Hamidreza Simchi,
Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16844, Iran.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V9/article/view/9850

Spacetime and General Relativity: A Novel Approach| Chapter 7 | New Trends in Physical Science Research Vol.4

Four-dimensional (Minkowski) spacetime is purely mathematical and has no practical application. Time is an abstract measurement of motion and events that occur in three dimensions. It is impossible to extract nonphysical time from three-dimensional space and project it onto a fourth, ostensibly physical axis with a separate set of reference points. Spacetime does not exist, does not curve, and has no gravitational interaction. General relativity is severely flawed because Einstein predicated his geometric theory of gravity (general relativity) solely on this incorrect spacetime foundation. Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals with the characteristics and relationships of points, lines, surfaces, and objects' relative positions. Mathematics is a sort of measuring that is intellectual rather than physical. Because geometry cannot cause or be influenced by anything in physical reality, Einstein's geometric theory of gravity fails. Because it assumes that a real force (gravity) interacts with an abstraction (geometry) that has no actual existence, general relativity fails. This chapter conclusively refutes both Minkowski spacetime and general relativity.

Author(s) Details:

David Rowland,
61 Sandstone Drive, Hanwell NB, E3E 0C3, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NTPSR-V4/article/view/6934

What We Know about the Universe that is Not So: Undoing a Century of Errors | Book Publisher International

 The prevailing assumption for nearly a century has been that the universe was created by a big bang singularity. This speculative occurrence is an impossibility that has only become a well-established belief due to a basic scientific inaccuracy that few have questioned until now. The cosmos could not have formed from any singularity, according to this book, which gives both logical proof and scientific evidence. Hubble's law, which assumes that galaxies are moving away from Earth at velocities proportionate to their distance, is widely regarded as the definitive proof that the universe is expanding. Hubble's law is severely defective due to erroneous assumptions, weak logic, and data that appears to have been fabricated. Edwin Hubble formed the erroneous assumption that nebulae are rushing away from one other, then discovered the mathematics to back up his assertion. In modern physics, general relativity (GR) is the geometric theory of gravity that has come to be acknowledged as the standard definition of gravitation. Gravity, according to GR, is the outcome of large objects distorting four-dimensional spacetime geometrically. The more mass in a body that provides gravity, the greater the claimed distortion. This distortion is said to alter the trajectory of moving objects in space, as well as the pathways of light rays passing close to huge objects. GR is, unfortunately, a terminally defective hypothesis based on logical mistakes, erroneous assumptions, and empirical misinterpretation. Geometric spacetime does not exist, it does not curve, and it cannot interact with gravity in any way.

Author(s) Details

David Rowland
Independent Researcher, Canada and Member of Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Canada and Affiliate of Canadian Association of Physicists, Canada.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/WWKUNSUCE/article/view/2128