Characterization and Modeling of ZnO/CdS/CdTe Heterojunction Thin Film Solar Cells | Chapter 1 Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 2

At present, amorphous silicon solar cells have the largest market share in the world, with less than a fraction of one percent for CuInGaSe2 and about a few percent for CdTe cells. The benefit of using CdTe is primarily due to its direct bandgap material with high absorption (in relationship with silicon) and the ease of device processing, which can be deposited on glass in thin film typically a few micrometers and at low temperatures. This study intends to discuss the characterization and modeling of CdS/CdTe heterojunction thin-film solar cells for high-efficiency performance. Device simulation is employed to analyze the current-voltage efficiency performance of CdTe/CdS photovoltaic solar cells. Key limiting factors, including the back-contact Schottky barrier, its relationship to doping density, and layer thickness, are investigated. Additionally, the effects of surface recombination velocity at the back-contact interface and the inclusion of an extended CdTe layer are evaluated. The experimental base CdS/CdTe device used in this study demonstrates an efficiency of 16–17%. Through simulation analysis under the AM1.5 solar spectrum, optimization strategies for the experimental device are explored. The results indicate that enhanced efficiency can be achieved by incorporating and optimizing an extended CdTe electron reflector layer at the back of the Schottky contact. Specifically, an extended electron reflector region with a barrier height of 0.1 eV, a doping density of 7x10¹⁸ cm^-3, and an optimal thickness of 100 nm yields a maximum cell efficiency of 19.83%, outperforming the experimental data.

 

Author (s) Details

Hamid Fardi
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 110 | P.O. Box 173364 | Denver, Colorado, USA.

 

Fatima Buny
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 110 | P.O. Box 173364 | Denver, Colorado, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v2/3818

A Comprehensive Review on the Versatile Applications of Ionic Liquids | Chapter 4 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 This review item highlights the miscellaneous applications of Ionic fluids (IL) such as solvent, electrolytes, catalysis, solar cells, fuel containers, polymer science, snack and bioproducts, lubricants, and many more ILs are also known as salts they are appropriate to beneath melting point and they maybe also considered as a novel and particular set of solvents. ILs are as well just green solvents and they showed interest in allure practically discrediting. They have established several requests and they synthesized water and air-resistant ionic liquids established an imidazolium cation like 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium and also tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate as the anion. The review is an attempt to give notice of possible occurrence of the usage of Concerning ancient culture liquids in various fields and remember the application of ILs in additional fields also based on their features. Finally, it is decided that ILs have various applications indifferent fields such as use as solvent in various industries, electrolytes, assorted catalysis, solar containers, fuel cells, polymer industry, foodstuff and bioproducts, and lubricants. However, few drawbacks with concerning ancient culture liquids are emphasize concerning toxicity, preparation, and extreme cost in the process for use.

Author(s) Details:

Srinivasa Rao Aangothu,
Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur- 522510, AP, India.

Sowjanya Prathipati,
Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur- 522510, AP, India.

J. N. Pavan Kumar Chintala,
Department of Physics, Sir C.R.R. College, Eluru, W.G. Dist., AP, India.

Soumini C.,
Department of Chemistry, M.E.S Ponnani College, Ponnani, Kerala, India.

Hari Babu Bollikolla,
Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur- 522510, AP, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V4/article/view/12933

Enhancing the Morphological and Physical Characteristics of Zinc Sulphide Thin Films for Solar Cell Use during Manufacturing | Chapter 1 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 3

 This division aims to highlights the use of Photovoltaic substrates, or as a stuffing sheet for thin-film CIGS solar containers application. Nanotechnology is a method that is discharged to lead to dramatic betterings in many areas of the use to new materials, computers and goods. Thin films of the zinc sulphide nanoparticle are located on glass substrates by warm evaporation from ZnS NPs millimetric crystal. The alteration in the optical and fundamental properties of the films located at different (100-200 and 300)°C annealed substrates was examined by XRD, SEM, and EDX. The findings obtained disclose that the films are structured in a twelve inches/30.48 centimeters measured zinc blend accompanying (111) preferential orientation. The seeable wavelength ranges from (22 -12) nm. The powerful cubic makeup taken as thin tiers allowed us to infer that the ZnS NPs films combine can be secondhand as a buffer tier to replace the damaging CdS in CIGS thin-film cosmic cells. The films enhanced more uniform and thick as the substrate temperature increased. The nanoscale magnitude of zinc sulfide reduces as hotness rises.

Author(s) Details:

Salim Oudah Mezan,
General Directorate of Education, Open College in Al-Muthanna Governorate, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Republic of Iraq and Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Pagoh-84600, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V3/article/view/10751Z

Low-Cost Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on TiO2 Nanoparticles Downscaled by Optimized Wet Milling Process | Chapter 1| Fundamental Research and Application of Physical Science Vol. 1

 In order to show the gifts that this top-down method can provide for the production of photoelectrodes, the adeptness results of the solar containers developed from the post-grinding powders are presented. Wet milling, that is regarded as a top-unhappy method of nanotechnology, was used to create TiO2 nanoparticles from well pure anatase. The acting of polyethylene glycol (PEG400) as a dispersing power in the milling system was still assessed, in addition to the impact of the main operating parameters of wet grinding on the particle size allocation of the finished product. The results demonstrated that the processes that use polyethylene glycol achieved a higher atom fragmentation. This maybe observed in the histograms from SEM images taken from the ending samples whose populations attained an average size of nearly 90nm. The TiO2 nanoparticles obtained by grinding were secondhand in the fabrication of dye-stimulated solar containers. It was verified that the nanoparticles produced accompanying the dispersing power achieved the highest effectiveness, the highest being 0.94% accompanying an appreciable open boundary voltage of 0.81V. The best efficiencies were completed by the containers manufactured accompanying the powders and in whose manufacture the dispersing power was used. Furthermore, the tinier particle sizes were achieved for these processes.

Author(s) Details:

Arnold Anthony Huamán Aguirre,
Departament of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Science National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú.

María Esther Quintana Cáceda,
Departament of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Science National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú.

Juan Martin Rodriguez Rodriguez,
Departament of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Science National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú.

Walter Francisco Estrada Lopez,
Departament of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Science National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/FRAPS-V1/article/view/9969

Examining the Effects of Constituents in Paste on Low Light Performances of Silicon Solar Cells| Chapter 3 | Recent Progress in Science and Technology Vol. 2

 Practically talking, solar cell act under low light conditions is more important for overall power era capacity. Previous research has proved that at low light intensities, the effectiveness and maximum output of solar containers with depressed shunt opposition decrease. In contrast, our study has shown the impact of paste or jug frit as paste elements on solar containers using the buoyant contact method's open-circuit potential as well as shunts and recombination. The belongings of the glass frit in the glue on the cell performance in depressed light, however, are still not completely evident. As a result, the impacts of the mirror frit itself on the cell conduct in low light are examined in this place work. This is due to the reality that, despite being a essential component of the silver paste that contacts the cosmic cells electrically, the belongings of the glass frit on container performance are still confused. In conclusion, the glass frit itself lowers the solar cell conducts at low light intensities by generating shunts and recombination, especially open-boundary voltage and fill determinant. As a result, the effects of paste elements on shunts and recombination are crucial for two together the solar cell depictions at 1 sun and the performances at depressed light intensities.

Author(s) Details:

Takayuki Aoyama,
Noritake Co. Limited, 300, Higashiyama, Miyoshi-Cho, Miyoshi, Aichi, 470-0293, Japan.

Mari Aoki,
Asada Mesh Co. Ltd., 23-7, Shindo-4, Matsubara, Osaka, 580-0015, Japan.

Isao Sumita,
Asada Mesh Co. Ltd., 23-7, Shindo-4, Matsubara, Osaka, 580-0015, Japan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RPST-V2/article/view/9234

Metal Telluride Thin Films: Advances in Research and Development| Chapter 9 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 4

 Metal telluride thin films have intrigued great attention on account of unique properties to a degree high absorption cooperative, direct band gap value and good transparence in the visible region. These films maybe employed in solar containers, radiation detectors, electro-optic modulators, color of blood detector, ocular windows and opto-electronic tools. In this work, preparation and characterization of mineral telluride films were reported based on the picked literature review. X-ray diffraction method, atomic force microscopy and scanning power microscopy method could be used to decide the structure and morphology of the acquired films, respectively. The band gap and ocular properties were measured utilizing UV-visible spectrophotometry. The obtained band break suitable to cope with the maximum of cosmic spectrum.

Author(s) Details:

Ho Soon Min,
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V4/article/view/8698