Alternating Current Conductivity of Papain Doped Palypyrrole Composite Polymer | Chapter 3 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 8

The present study discusses about alternating Current conductivity of Papain doped polypyrrole composite polymer. Enzyme papain doped pyrrole polymer were synthesized by in situ polymerization where ferric chloride works as an oxidizing agent. The different weight percent of papain was added at the time of polymerization, at room temperature. The LCR meter was used for investigate of the dielectric and a. c. conductivity of the polypyrrole-papain composite of different compositions. Dielectric constant and loss calculations for pure and papain composite polymers get smaller as frequency increases. The variation in dielectric constant and dielectric loss and transportation method was also noted with change in papain percentage in pyrrole. For AC conductivity ’s’ value confirms presence of multi-relaxation time with understanding charge transportation method by hopping between localized state. Further investigation is required to understand process in detail.

Author(s) Details:

Munish Pandey,
Department of Physics, K. M. Agrawal College (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), Kalyan Thane, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V8/article/view/14089

Thin Film Capacitor with Ag/PVA Nanocomposite as Dielectric Layer | Chapter 7 | Current Perspective to Physical Science Research Vol. 4

 The need of persuasive miniature energy depository devices like micro capacitors accompanying high capacitive mass increase day by day in many application areas such as explanation, aviation, industry etc.  and therefore are in active research in current years. Capacitive density of microcapacitors maybe modulated accompanying nanostructured materials by way of the Coulomb Blockade Effect (CBE). In the last decade, the dielectric properties like dielectric neverending (k) and dielectric loss (D) of diverse nanostructured materials have been examined for application as dielectric material in entrenched capacitors. In the present work, fabrication process of the thin film capacitors accompanying Ag/PVA nanocomposites as dielectric layer and their dielectric actions are investigated. The variation of capacitive possessions of the fabricated capacitor accompanying  concentration in Ag/PVA nanocomposite is too investigated. The performance reasoning of the thin film capacitors with Ag/PVA nanocomposite, largeness Ag/PVA composite and only PVA matrix as dielectric layer is stated in this review. The findings regarding the effect of scope of coating on the capacitive possessions of the capacitors is an important ingredient concerning this investigation.

Author(s) Details:

Rajib Saikia,
Sibsagar College, Joysagar (Autonomous), Sivasagar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPPSR-V4/article/view/12592

Synthesis and Characterizations of Pb2+ and Ti+4Doped NdFeO3Multiferroic Solid Solutions | Chapter 3 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 3

 Solid resolutions of NdFeO3, Nd0.5Pb0.5FeO3 and NdFe0.5Ti0.5O3were prepared using usual solid-state backlash method. The fabricated complete solutions were study for their fundamental, morphological, electrical and dielectric characteristics. XRD information demonstrates that orthorhombic transparent structures were present comprehensively of the samples. Since no contaminant phases were found, Pb2+and Ti+4 were clearly well within the range of their dependable solubility. SEM micrographs clearly revealed the distribution of tiny, comparable, randomly orientated, well-related, and irregularly shaped grains in the samples. It was found that the dielectric constant (ε´) and dielectric loss (ε´´) shown Cole-Cole relaxation act and decreased as the frequency of the used electric field raised. It has been discovered that the energetic conductivity obeys the entire power society and grows with the repetitiveness of the applied field.

Author(s) Details:

Sonika Thakur,
Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University College, Verka, Amritsar-143501, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V3/article/view/12417

Structural and Electrical Properties of Bismuth Sodium Titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3) Ceramics | Chapter 10 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 2

 Recent growths in high-hotness technology have increased the demand for dielectric potteries with sturdy dielectric properties. Furthermore, dielectric ceramics are judgment enormous requests in various energy depository systems. To address these necessities, this study mainly is focused on giving relaxor characteristics to Bismuth Sodium Titanate Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) potteries. A single-phase lead-free (BNT) perovskite ferroelectric porcelain was successfully combined via the solid-state response method. This study offers an painstaking examination on the structural and energetic characteristics of the BNT stoneware. Through phase analysis promoting Rietveld refined X-ray dissemination, it was determined that the crystal building of the BNT ceramic is alone-phase and possesses rhombohedral (R3c) proportion. Raman spectroscopy measurements further support the rhombohedral building of BNT, as indicated by the demeanor of multiple peaks risinging from the TiO6 octahedra. The ferroelectric nature of the BNT sample was confirmed through hysteresis loop calculations of polarization vs. energetic field (P-E). The BNT sample exhibited characteristic values of vestige polarization (Pr) and forcible field (Ec), which were measured expected 1.63 μC/cm2 and 29.91 kV/cm, respectively. The ferroelectric state transition was also noticed in temperature-contingent dielectric studies, with a transition hotness of 323 °C. Remarkably, the material displayed reduced values of tanδ even at high hotnesses, such as 500 °C, at a repetitiveness of 1 MHz. This suggests that the prepared BNT sample exhibits wonderful dielectric properties over a expansive temperature range, making it well-suited for a assortment of applications.

Author(s) Details:

Bijayalaxmi Kuanar,
Department of Physics, School of Sciences, GIET University, Gunupur-765022, Odisha, India.

Biswajit Dalai,
Department of Physics, School of Sciences, GIET University, Gunupur-765022, Odisha, India.

Dhrubananda Behera,
Department of Physics and Astronomy, NIT Rourkela–769008, Odisha, India.

Hari Sankar Mohanty,
Department of Physics, School of Sciences, GIET University, Gunupur-765022, Odisha, India.

Krishnamayee Bhoi,
Department of Physics, School of Sciences, GIET University, Gunupur-765022, Odisha, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V2/article/view/12332

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles and Alq3 for Fabrication of Alq3/ZnO Nanocomposites| Chapter 10 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol.6

 The fluorescent matrix of Tris-(8-Hydroxyquinoline) Aluminium and the optical and electrical properties of semiconducting Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle systems were investigated (Alq3). To better understand these features, we used an aqueous sol-gel approach to make ZnO nanoparticles with particle sizes ranging from 23 nm to 110 nm, annealed them at high temperatures, and made an Alq3 compound of planar shaped microparticles. At room temperature, we evaluated the dielectric characteristics of Alq3/ZnO nanocomposites made by mixing and grinding in a specified volume fraction ratio. To evaluate the optical and chemical properties of ZnO and Alq3 components, measurement techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet (UV) Spectroscopy, and Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used. In addition, structural characteristics, particle morphology, and elemental phase analysis of ZnO nanoparticles and Alq3 powder are studied using Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS/XDS). An impedance analyzer with a frequency range of 20 Hz to 25 kHz was used to estimate the dielectric constant of various mixes of Alq3 and ZnO in Alq3/ZnO nanocomposite systems. In general, the purpose of this article is to describe the synthesis, fabrication processes, and characterisation of composite materials made of ZnO and Alq3. We also discuss some interesting organic electronics applications, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaic cells (OPVC), and so on.

Author(s) Details:

Chisomo Daka,
Department of Applied Studies, Physics Section, Malawi Institute of Technology (MIT), Malawi University of Science & Technology (MUST), Along Thyolo-Goliati Road, Malawi.

Rupam Mukherjee,
Department of Physics, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Along Delhi-GT Road, Phagwara, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V6/article/view/5792

Investigation of Electrical, Acoustical and Optical Properties of Nanopowder Dispersed Cholesteric Liquid Crystal | Chapter 02 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 5

 Due to its unique features, such as improvement in different properties such as electrical, optical, thermal, energy storage, and spontaneous polarisation, composite materials based on nanopowder dispersed liquid crystals are essential both in basic research and device applications. For a certain application, the right selection of nanoparticles and their sizes to be disseminated in liquid crystals is critical. The dispersion of a ferroelectric nanopowder of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) in cholesteric liquid crystal was proven using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy in this study. The ultrasonic interferometer was used to explore several acoustical parameters such as ultrasonic velocity, density, Adiabatic Compressibility, Rao Constant, Wada Constant, and Acoustic Impedance at room temperature and at a given frequency. Precision Impedance Analyzer was used to determine the dielectric constant. Particle size and surface area were also measured in addition to these experiments. Our findings demonstrate improved dielectric and acoustical properties, which could be advantageous for device applications in microelectronics, low-cost solar devices, and custom-shaped containers that could be coated. The sensitivity of Liquid Crystal is improved after ferroelectric nanopowder is dispersed, which improves the Liquid Crystal's performance.

Author(S) Details

Santosh Mani
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar (E), Mumbai 400077, India and Department of Physics, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.

Suren Patwardhan
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering, Vidyavihar (E), Mumbai 400077, India.

Samriti Khosla
Department of Physics, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.

Pradip Sarawade
Department of Physics, University of Mumbai, Santacruz (E), Mumbai 400098, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V5/article/view/5346

Introduction to Complex Impedance Spectroscopy: An Overview | Chapter 2 | Research Trends and Challenges in Physical Science Vol. 2

 Impedance spectroscopy is a relatively new and powerful technique for studying the electrical and dielectric properties of materials, as well as their interactions with electronically conducting electrodes. Complex impedance data analysis can provide near-perfect estimations of bulk conductivity and polarisation effects in materials. This chapter of the book gives students a step-by-step instruction to calculating impedance spectroscopy, which will be used to analyse electrochemical systems.

Author(S) Details

Mora Veera Madhava Rao
Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCPS-V2/article/view/4488