Virtual Laboratory Works in Technology Education: Advantages and “Pitfalls” | Chapter 6 | Advances and Challenges in Science and Technology Vol. 9

 The bettering of methods and software for displaying devices, processes and phantasms leads to a rapid extension of their request area not only in planning but also in education. Replacing a actual lab works accompanying their tools, establishments and equipment by their virtual substitutions, draws pupils away from the experience of technology; this does not contribute to the composition of the skills necessary for arranging and conducting a certain live experiment. The article discusses a habit to reduce aforementioned damage by modeling not only the functions of devices and supplies, but also the process of assembling the correct installation. Unfortunately, the Lab VIEW explicit capabilities are lacking for developing such somewhat virtual workshop work, especially with reference to the regimens of the "Microwave technologies and antennas" course. The considered lab work developed by authors in Delphi7 distincts from the typical virtual labs generally in the way the undergraduate should perform it. He must congregate a proper test stand on welcome own: take all the needed parts from the establishment, connect them right using chain, cords or waveguides, and also set up implements and equipment, i.e. regulate the polarization of the fallout field, tune in the generators and amplifiers. And, by all means, all this is being done with a rodent, rotating the simulated knobs, important the simulated switches and so on. Such a testing room work becomes really a kind of training machinery, strengthening not only the undergraduate’s knowledge of a specific business, but also his/her experienced skills in arranging and conducting experiments. Finally, some supplementary improvements are noticed.

Author(s) Details:

Yuri Choni,
Kazan National Research Technical University Named after A.N. Tupolev–KAI, Kazan-420111, Russia.

Anatoly Dardymov,
Kazan National Research Technical University Named after A.N. Tupolev–KAI, Kazan-420111, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACST-V9/article/view/12622

Corrosion Resistance of Ti6Al4V Alloy by Radio Frequency Technique used for Coating Deposition of Multilayer (HA/TiN/Ti6Al4V-Substrate) for Optimization Power | Chapter 7 | Fundamental Research and Application of Physical Science Vol. 7

 The objective concerning this study is to perform material / chemical description and to determine the corrosion fighting of calcium-phosphate (HA), TiN-based biography-ceramics and thin metal enameling processed by a Ti-6Al-4V process. TiN and HA coating maximum capacity 150 watts. The presence of TiN200 Watt TiN s covering resulted in electrochemical corrosion. High current photoelectric and passive photoelectric polarization shows an active surface. EIS shows the alive behavior assumed apiece active photoelectric currents imposed. And HA on the sample surface, some cacophony was observed all along both polarization and EIS tests.

Author(s) Details:

Mustafa A. Mahmood,
Department of Medical Physic, College of Science, Alkarkh University of Science, Iraq.

M. A. Ulkareem,
Department of Physics, Baghdad Factuality Science, Baghdad, Iraq.

F. T. M. Noori,
Applied Physics Center, Materials Research Directorate, Iraq.

M. K. Khalaf,
Applied Physics Center, Materials Research Directorate, Iraq.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/FRAPS-V7/article/view/11123

Impact of the Milling Process on the Electrocaloric Properties of Bi3+ Modified PZT Solid Solutions| Chapter 9 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 5

 Solid judgments of Pb1-xBix (Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 with x = 0.20 have existed favorably made indirect the solid state response order. This article reports the impact of circle milling (two together unoriginal and planetary) on electrocaloric and fundamental characters. The solid determinations did literally crystallise into the tetragonal phase, in accordance with the fundamental study. When switching from a unoriginal globe mill to a planetary circle mill, the electrocaloric effect was shown to change from a more unreasonable temperature system to a lower hotness domain, that results in a visit the remnant polarisation.

Author(s) Details:

Anupinder Singh,
Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India.

Shubhpreet Kaur,
Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, Punjab, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V5/article/view/9040

Advantages of Electrochemically Synthesized Organic Compound in the Corrosion Inhibition with Azoschiffs Base| Chapter 10 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 4

  In the current review, direct decrease in the fragrant ring by electrochemical course at the research center scale is investigated. This idea is imagined as a preliminary endeavor to achieve an elective course to the dreary synthetic course and to create an immediate strategy for integrating the Azo-imine bunches into the fragrant ring moiety, in a solitary step. The trial part involves two portions - Electro engineered work and Electro scientific work. The electrochemically orchestrated azodye shows erosion restraint proficiency on shaping a layer of hydrophobic film on the outer layer of steel. The erosion hindrance of electrochemically combined azo Schiff bases shows great outcome contrast with azo schiffs bases which is blended by ordinary strategy, then it was concentrated by weight reduction technique.

Author(s) Details:

S. A. Shreekanta,
Department of Chemistry, Sahyadri Science College, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.

R. Purushothama,
Department of Environmental Science, Sahyadri Science College, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V4/article/view/7817

First correct Experimental Discovery of "Weak Gyrotropy" of Transparent Non-Centrosymmetric "Non-Gyrotropic" Crystals, Using the LiNbO3 Crystal as an Example| Chapter 1 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 3

The goal of this study was to identify the influence of "weak" gyrotropy in "non-gyrotropic" transparent non-centrosymmetric crystals. The initial experiment was based on light transmission (T) measurements of the system: Polarizer - wedge-shaped Crystal sample - Analyzer (orthogonal to Polarizer). It was shown that if the optical axis of the crystal is parallel to the wedge's rib and the polarisation of the linear-polarized incident light, the system's transmission T cannot be zero (due to the existence of nonzero components (G12) of the antisymmetric pseudotensor of gyration G described the "weak" gyrotropy). Using the LiNbO3 crystal as an example, such nonzero T was discovered for the first time experimentally. The absolute value of the LiNbO3 crystal's component G12 was initially calculated: ([G12] = (1.50 +/- 0.51) 10-6).

Physics and mathematics are the two subjects covered.

Author(s) Details:

A. Kh. Zilbershtein,
Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology (Russian Academy of Sciences), Saint-Petersburg, Russia and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V3/article/view/6626

Half Doped Mg-Zn Aluminates: A Study of Their Feasibility in Advanced Applications | Chapter 7 | Research Trends and Challenges in Physical Science Vol. 2

 Spinel materials based on MgAl2O4 are technologically essential materials, and their ability to be modified in various ways makes them an attractive material from an application standpoint. We present Mg0.5-xMxZn0.5Al2O4 aluminates produced by a high temperature solid state reaction method (x = 0, 0.05 and M = Co, Ni, Cu). The structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of these aluminate materials were studied. The sample crystallisation into the cubic phase is inferred using Rietveld refinement of XRD data (Fd-3m). The presentation of distinct absorption bands in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman inelastic scattering spectral analysis validates the anticipated sample construction. At room temperature, dielectric analysis demonstrates that these materials have a low dielectric constant of a few hundreds and a convincingly low loss value. The optical bandgap (Eg) was observed to decrease from 5.17eV for pristine to 3.9eV for Cu2+ doping using the UV-Vis characterization approach. Electrical modulus and impedance behaviour are also discussed in order to better understand the conduction process and factors that influence it. The electrical polarisation at various field values is also presented. In light of Jonscher's law, we also focused on morphology, composition, and ac conductivity.

Author(S) Details

Mohd. Saleem
Materials Science Laboratory, School of Physics, Vigyan Bhawan, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road Campus, Indore 452001, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCPS-V2/article/view/4493

Introduction to Complex Impedance Spectroscopy: An Overview | Chapter 2 | Research Trends and Challenges in Physical Science Vol. 2

 Impedance spectroscopy is a relatively new and powerful technique for studying the electrical and dielectric properties of materials, as well as their interactions with electronically conducting electrodes. Complex impedance data analysis can provide near-perfect estimations of bulk conductivity and polarisation effects in materials. This chapter of the book gives students a step-by-step instruction to calculating impedance spectroscopy, which will be used to analyse electrochemical systems.

Author(S) Details

Mora Veera Madhava Rao
Department of Physics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCPS-V2/article/view/4488

Application of Quantum Mechanical Calculations and Symmetry in Chemistry; Vibration Frequencies, Corrosion Inhibition and Prodrugs | Book Publisher International

 The principles of nature are the sole foundation for ab initio quantum chemistry: Molecular modelling methods that can accurately predict structures, energetics, reactivity, and other features of molecules have been created over the last two decades. Computational chemistry does not replace experimental studies, but it does play an important role in chemists' ability to:

Many molecular properties, such as bond energies and reaction energies, structures of ground-excited-and transition-states, atomic charges and electrostatic potentials, vibrational frequencies (IR and Raman), transition energies and intensities for UV and IR spectra, NMR chemical shifts, and dipole moment, can be computed.

This book was focused on three applications to show the importance of quantum chemistry calculations in chemical applications supporting experimentation.

The first application was for the electrical, chemical, vibration frequencies, and absorption intensities of SWCNTs, which differ greatly depending on symmetry, chirality, and diameter, necessitating experimental evaluation of these structural parameters. The vibrational density of states, especially at low frequencies, gives information about the structure of carbon nanotubes. Significant differences in the frequencies and relative intensities of these peaks provide a method for distinguishing between structurally different nanotubes. Experiments can now yield additional structural information thanks to our findings.

The second application involves calculating the geometrical structure, physical properties, and inhibition efficiency parameters of new organic compounds as inhibitors against carbon steel corrosion in acidic or basic solutions using the quantum mechanical method of PM3 and Density Functional Theory (DFT) of B3LYP with a level of 6-311++G (2d, 2p) in a simulated environment. The findings were in line with the experimental percent IE. Mulliken charges population analysis was used to investigate local reactivity. The third use involves adopting recommended novel prodrug designs to increase active drug solubility and thus bioavailability, increase permeability and absorption, and change the drug's distribution profile for improved efficacy, reduced toxicity, and adverse effects. Over time, new pharmacological therapy advances have become increasingly complex, time-consuming, and expensive. The Gaussian 09 programme was used to execute a computational method in our prodrug design. The total energy of the reactants was compared to the energies and transitional stages up to the final products. The goal of the theoretical study of the suggested primary pharmaceuticals is to see whether there are any ways to improve the qualities of prodrugs and if there are any new alternatives to approved prodrugs. Correlations between experimental and calculated data were used to verify and ensure that the final results could be used.

Author(S) Detalis

Rehab Majed Kubba
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/AQMCSCVFCIP/article/view/3822

Reconfigurable Antenna for Satellite Applications Using Micromechanical Actuation Switches | Chapter 1 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 6

 A reconfigurable antenna using micro mechanical actuation switches for K and Ku-band applications has been proposed in the current chapter. For the design of reconfigurable patch antennas, two identical cantilever micro mechanical switches (S1 & S2) are used in general. Using various switches such as PIN diodes, variable diodes, MEMS switches, field effecting transistors, optical controlled switches, the switch-based reconfigurable antennas can be constructed. The switches operate through the process of electrostatic actuation. With the switches, the antenna usually supplies four resonant frequencies depending on the ON / OFF state of the switches. The insulation loss of the micro mechanical switches is -18.5dB and the insertion loss is -1dB. Based on the various switching conditions of RF MEMS switches, the proposed reconfigurable antenna resonates at four different frequencies. If both S1 & S2 are ON, the antenna resonates at 16.9GHZ, if the antenna resonates at 47.3GHZ & 59.1GHZ, if S1 -ON & S2-OFF The antenna resonates at 28.4GHZ if S1 -OFF & S2-OFF, and the antenna resonates at 27.9GHZ if S1 -OFF & S2-OFF.

Author (s) Details

Sathuluri Mallikharjuna Rao
Department of ECE, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India and Department of ECE, Andhra Loyola Institute of Engineering and Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Dr. G. Sasikala
Department of ECE, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/285